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Putian or Putien (Chinese: 莆田, Putian dialect: Pó-chéng), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Xinghua or Hing Hwa (simplified Chinese: 兴化; traditional Chinese: 興化), is a prefecture-level city in eastern Fujian province, China. It borders Fuzhou City to the north, Quanzhou City to the south, and the Taiwan Strait's Xinghai Bay to the east.[4] The Mulan River flows through the southern part of the city.

This article is about the city in China. For the Singapore-based restaurant chain, see Putien (restaurant).
Putian
莆田市
Putien
Prefecture-level city
Location of Putian in Fujian
Putian
Location in China
Coordinates (Putian Government Plaza): 25°27′09″N 119°00′28″E
CountryChina
ProvinceFujian
Municipal seatChengxiang District
Government
 • CPC SecretaryLin Baojin
 • Deputy MayorLi Jianhui
Area
 • Prefecture-level city4,119 km2 (1,590 sq mi)
 • Urban
2,284 km2 (882 sq mi)
 • Metro
2,284 km2 (882 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census)[1]
 • Prefecture-level city3,210,714
 • Density780/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
 • Urban
2,305,646
 • Urban density1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
 • Metro
2,305,646
 • Metro density1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
351100
Area code0594
ISO 3166 codeCN-FJ-03
GDP2015[2]
 - TotalCNY 167.0 billion (US$25.70 billion)
 - per capitaCNY 58,596 (US$9,014)
 - Growth 14.5%
License Plate Prefixes闽B
Local varietyPuxian Min
Websitewww.putian.gov.cn
Putian
Simplified Chinese莆田
PostalPutien

History


Putian was first founded as an administrative area in the year of 568 as a city county during the Chen dynasty.[citation needed]

Putian was later established as a military administered city in 979. Putian is known as the counterfeit sneaker capital with counterfeiters protected from internationally intellectual property law enforcement by the notoriously corrupt local courts.[5]


Administration


Putian's municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Chengxiang District (城厢区). The municipal region comprises three other districts and one county:

Map

Language


Puxian Min belonging to a dialect of the languages Min Chinese is spoken.


Economy


Putian has become an export base for Fujian products. The main industries are shoe-making, brewing, electronics, garments, fruits, vegetables, and machinery, electrical goods.[6] In particular, the area is known for high-quality counterfeits of shoes[7] and the domination of Chinese private healthcare.[8][9]


Culture


Salt-baked duotou clams
Salt-baked duotou clams

Putian is known for Putian (Henghwa) cuisine, a unique style of cuisine that places a heavy emphasis on fresh seafood. Duotou clams, locally harvested around the village of Duotou, are particularly well known.


Tourism


Meizhou Island, most famous for being the legendary birthplace of the goddess Mazu, is located closely offshore of Putian. According to legends, Mazu in her earthly incarnation died on the seashore of Xianliang Harbor, in the coastal area of Putian, where Xianliang Mazu Temple hosts pilgrims from different Chinese provinces and from Taiwan, particularly for the ceremonies commemorating the goddess' death held in October.[10] Because of its hosting "the most sacred places for Mazu believers," Putian is known as "Mazu's hometown."[11]


Universities and colleges



Climate


Climate data for Putian (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 27.0
(80.6)		 31.1
(88.0)		 30.3
(86.5)		 32.0
(89.6)		 33.8
(92.8)		 35.6
(96.1)		 36.9
(98.4)		 36.7
(98.1)		 36.4
(97.5)		 33.5
(92.3)		 31.1
(88.0)		 28.4
(83.1)		 36.9
(98.4)
Average high °C (°F) 16.5
(61.7)		 17.2
(63.0)		 19.7
(67.5)		 23.3
(73.9)		 27.2
(81.0)		 29.7
(85.5)		 33.1
(91.6)		 32.5
(90.5)		 30.8
(87.4)		 27.0
(80.6)		 23.0
(73.4)		 18.7
(65.7)		 24.9
(76.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 12.5
(54.5)		 13.2
(55.8)		 15.2
(59.4)		 19.3
(66.7)		 23.4
(74.1)		 26.2
(79.2)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.6
(83.5)		 27.1
(80.8)		 23.4
(74.1)		 19.3
(66.7)		 14.8
(58.6)		 21.0
(69.8)
Average low °C (°F) 10.0
(50.0)		 10.7
(51.3)		 12.3
(54.1)		 16.4
(61.5)		 20.6
(69.1)		 23.6
(74.5)		 25.8
(78.4)		 25.6
(78.1)		 24.6
(76.3)		 21.1
(70.0)		 16.9
(62.4)		 12.2
(54.0)		 18.3
(65.0)
Record low °C (°F) 1.5
(34.7)		 4.1
(39.4)		 2.8
(37.0)		 9.1
(48.4)		 15.0
(59.0)		 16.2
(61.2)		 22.0
(71.6)		 21.5
(70.7)		 19.8
(67.6)		 13.2
(55.8)		 6.3
(43.3)		 1.8
(35.2)		 1.5
(34.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 37.0
(1.46)		 81.1
(3.19)		 130.0
(5.12)		 138.4
(5.45)		 199.3
(7.85)		 252.5
(9.94)		 158.1
(6.22)		 215.6
(8.49)		 155.9
(6.14)		 49.1
(1.93)		 34.1
(1.34)		 25.8
(1.02)		 1,476.9
(58.15)
Average relative humidity (%) 70 74 74 76 76 81 76 77 71 65 65 67 73
Source: China Meteorological Data Service Center[12]

References


  1. "China: Fújiàn (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
  2. 莆田市2015年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 (in Chinese). Putian Municipal Statistic Bureau. 2010-02-20. Archived from the original on 2016-02-01. Retrieved 2010-05-03.
  3. 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本. Retrieved 17 August 2019. 字詞 【莆田縣】 注音 ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ 漢語拼音 pú tián xiàn
  4. Litchi City Putian Archived 2011-05-22 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Rechtschaffen, Daniel. "How China's Legal System Enables Intellectual Property Theft". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  6. China today Archived 2007-09-07 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Schmidle, Nicholas (2010-08-19). "Inside the Knockoff-Tennis-Shoe Factory". New York Times. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
  8. "The Putian phenomenon". Week in China. HSBC. 2014-06-20. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
  9. "Baidu's "moral dilemma" – How a Cancer Case aroused National Attention". China Spoon. 2014-06-20. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
  10. Hsun Chang, "Multiple Religious and National Identities: Mazu Pilgrimages across the Taiwan Strait after 1987," in Cheng-tian Kuo (Ed.), Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017, 373–396 (378).
  11. Hsun Chang (2017), 378.
  12. 中国地面气候标准值月值(1981-2010) (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Data Service Center. Retrieved 7 November 2022.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Putian.

На других языках

[de] Putian

Putian (chinesisch .mw-parser-output .Hani{font-size:110%}莆田市, Pinyin Pútián Shì) ist eine bezirksfreie Stadt der chinesischen Provinz Fujian. Sie liegt an der Taiwan-Straße zwischen Fuzhou und Xiamen.
- [en] Putian

[fr] Putian

Putian (莆田 ; pinyin : Pútián) est une ville de la province du Fujian en Chine. Elle couvre 3 781 km2 et sa population était de 3,21 millions d'habitants en 2020. Une langue spécifique du groupe min y est parlée, le puxian.

[it] Putian

Putian (cinese: 莆田; pinyin: Pútián) è una città con status di prefettura della provincia di Fujian, in Cina.

[ru] Путянь

Путя́нь (кит. упр. 莆田, пиньинь Pútián) — городской округ в провинции Фуцзянь КНР.


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