world.wikisort.org - China

Jiaxing (simplified Chinese: 嘉兴; traditional Chinese: 嘉興; pinyin: Jiāxīng; Wade–Giles: Chia-hsing), alternately romanized as Kashing, is a prefecture-level city in northern Zhejiang province, China. Lying on the Grand Canal of China, Jiaxing borders Hangzhou to the southwest, Huzhou to the west, Shanghai to the northeast, and the province of Jiangsu to the north. As of the 2020 census, its population was 5,400,868 and its built-up (or metro) area made of 2 urban districts was home to 1,518,654 inhabitants.[2]

Jiaxing 嘉兴市 Kashing
Prefecture-level city
Location of Jiaxing City jurisdiction in Zhejiang
Jiaxing Location in eastern China Show map of Eastern China Jiaxing Jiaxing (China) Show map of China
Coordinates (Jiaxing municipal government): 30°44′49″N 120°45′22″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Zhejiang
County-level divisions	7
Township-level divisions	75
Municipal seat	Nanhu District
Government
• CPC Secretary	Zhang Bing
• Mayor	Mao Hongfang
Area
• Prefecture-level city	4,008.76 km2 (1,547.79 sq mi)
• Urban	986.9 km2 (381.0 sq mi)
• Metro	986.9 km2 (381.0 sq mi)
Population  (2020 census)[1]
• Prefecture-level city	5,400,868
• Density	1,300/km2 (3,500/sq mi)
• Urban	1,518,654
• Urban density	1,500/km2 (4,000/sq mi)
• Metro	1,518,654
• Metro density	1,500/km2 (4,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Area code	573
ISO 3166 code	CN-ZJ-04
GDP	¥487 billion
GDP per capita	¥74,478
License Plate Prefix	浙F
Website	www.jiaxing.gov.cn

Jiaxing
"Jiaxing", as written in Chinese
Simplified Chinese	嘉兴
Traditional Chinese	嘉興
Wu	Gāshīng [kɑɕiŋ]
Postal	Kashing
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Jiāxīng Wade–Giles Chia-hsing Wu Romanization Gāshīng [kɑɕiŋ] Yue: Cantonese Jyutping gaa1hing1 Southern Min Hokkien POJ Ka-Hing

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Jiaxing administers 7 county-level divisions, including 2 districts, 3 county-level cities and 2 counties.

Map
Nanhu Xiuzhou Jiashan County Haiyan County Haining (city) Pinghu (city) Tongxiang (city)
Subdivision	Hanzi	Pinyin
Nanhu District	南湖区	Nánhú Qū
Xiuzhou District	秀洲区	Xiùzhōu Qū
Jiashan County	嘉善县	Jiāshàn Xiàn
Haiyan County	海盐县	Hǎiyán Xiàn
Haining	海宁市	Hǎiníng Shì
Pinghu	平湖市	Pínghú Shì
Tongxiang	桐乡市	Tóngxiāng Shì

These are further divided into 75 township-level divisions, including 60 towns, 2 townships and 13 subdistricts.

History

Known as a place

• Spring and Autumn period: Jiaxing is known as Zuili (Drunken Plums) and is an important city in the state of Yuè.

Known as a county

• 210 BC: Qin Shi Huang changed the name of Jiaxing from Changshui District (長水縣) to Youquan (由拳縣).
• 231: Wild rice (野稻) of Jiaxing informed Sun Quan of the Kingdom of Wu that there was a sign of auspice, so Sun changed Youchuan to Hexing District (禾興縣). This why Jiaxing's abbreviation is He. Sun also changed his era name to Jiahe (嘉禾) in the following year.
• January 242: Sun He was made the crown prince. Because of the naming taboo, Jiahe was changed to Jiaxing.

Known as a prefecture

• 938: (Later Jin of the Five Dynasties): Xiu Prefecture (秀州) established
• 1117: (Song Dynasty): Jiahe District (嘉禾郡)
• 1429: (Ming Dynasty): Xiushui District (秀水縣) was established northwest of Jiaxing.
• Early 1900s (the Republic of China): Xiushui and Jiaxing were combined into Jiahe County
• 1914: Reverted to Jiaxing County (because there's a Jiahe in Hunan)
• 1921: Chinese Communist Party founded at the South Lake in Jiaxing.
• 1926: Following the defection of Zhejiang civil governor Xia Chao to the Kuomintang during the Northern Expedition, the army of warlord Sun Chuanfang completely defeats Xia's largely untrained army at Jiaxing. Xia is captured and executed shortly thereafter.[3][4]
• 1949 − 1958, 1979 (PRC): Upgraded to a city^{[clarification needed]}
• 1981: Old Jiaxing County merged into the city
• 1983: Upgraded to prefecture-level city

Geography

Economy

Industry is the main economic driver to the city's economy, contributing 47% to its GDP in 2015. Jiaxing is also well known as the 'hometown of silk', hence it is a famous producer of textiles and woolens. It is one of the world's largest exporters of leather goods. There are mechanical, chemical and electronic industries there.

Jiaxing is an important energy base in East China. Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, the first self-designed nuclear power station in China, and Fangjiashan Nuclear Power Plant (under construction) are located in Haiyan County.

Jiaxing Export Processing Zone

Established in 2003, Jiaxing Export Processing Zone is a state-level export processing zone approved by State Council. It has a built-up area of 2.98 km². Its development goal is to become the export processing base for IT, IC, mechanical and electrical, electronics and other high-tech industries.[6]

Tourism

• South Lake, where the Chinese Communist Party was officially founded.
• Wuzhen
• Xitang

Transportation

The city is served by two railway stations: Jiaxing railway station, on the Shanghai–Kunming railway, and Jiaxing South railway station on the high speed Shanghai–Hangzhou Passenger Railway. The city is served by two long-distance bus stations: Jiaxing North Bus Station and the new Jiaxing Transportation Center. Jiaxing is on the G92 Hangzhou Bay Ring Expressway, G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway and China National Highway 320.

Jiaxing Air Base is being converted to a public-use airport.[7]

Language

Jiaxing dialect is a Northern Wu dialect in the Sujiahu dialect grouping. As such, it is a sister dialect of both Shanghainese and Suzhou dialect, and easily intelligible with both. It is not mutually intelligible with Mandarin or other varieties of Chinese such as Cantonese, Hokkien or Hakka.

Religion

Local people believe in Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism and Protestantism. Jiaxing Catholic Church and Jiaxing Vincent Abbey are well-known Roman Catholic Churches in Jiaxing.

Notable people

• Zhu Yizun (朱彝尊), scholar and poet
• Wang Guowei (王國維), scholar, writer and poet
• Xu Zhimo (徐志摩), poet
• Shiing-Shen Chern (陳省身), mathematician
• Mao Dun (茅盾), novelist, critic, journalist
• Zhang Yuanji (张元济), publisher at Commercial Press
• Zhang Zhongjun (张钟俊), scientist
• Xu Kuangdi (徐匡迪), scientist, politician
• Zhu Shenghao (朱生豪), translator
• Zhang Leping (张乐平), cartoonist, creator of Sanmao
• Yang Borun (楊伯潤), poet, calligrapher, painter
• Jin Yong (金庸), novelist
• Fan Xiping (范西屏), Go player
• Miao Huixin, artist
• Shen Junru (沈钧儒), politician, patriot
• Wu Outing (吴藕汀), poet, painter, culture scholar
• Zhou Hanming, mathematician
• Wang Yilyu (王懿律), Olympic champion

See also

• List of twin towns and sister cities in China

References

Bibliography

• Jordan, Donald A. (1976). The Northern Expedition: China's National Revolution of 1926-1928. University Press of Hawaii. ISBN 9780824803520.
• Smith, Stephen Anthony (2000). A Road Is Made: Communism in Shanghai, 1920-1927. Honolulu: University of Hawaii. ISBN 9780824823146.

External links

• Jiaxing travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Government website of Jiaxing (in English)

На других языках

---

- [en] Jiaxing

---

[ru] Цзясин

Цзяси́н (кит. упр. 嘉兴, пиньинь Jiāxīng) — городской округ в провинции Чжэцзян КНР.

---

---