Zhoukou (Chinese: 周口; pinyin: Zhōukǒu; Wade–Giles: Chou-k’ou; postal: Chowkow) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, China. It borders Zhumadian to the southwest, Xuchang and Luohe to the west, Kaifeng to the northwest, Shangqiu to the northeast, and the province of Anhui on all other sides. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,026,015 inhabitants. However, as of the 2018 estimation, 1,601,300 lived in the built-up (or metro) made up of Chuanhui district and the northern part of Shangshui county.[2]
Zhoukou
周口市 Chowkow | |
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Prefecture-level city | |
Zhoukou Location in China | |
Coordinates (Zhoukou municipal government): 33°38′12″N 114°42′05″E | |
Country | People's Republic of China |
Province | Henan |
Area | |
• Prefecture-level city | 11,959 km2 (4,617 sq mi) |
• Urban | 141 km2 (54 sq mi) |
• Metro | 1,454 km2 (561 sq mi) |
Population (2020 census for total, 2018 otherwise)[2] | |
• Prefecture-level city | 9,026,015 |
• Density | 750/km2 (2,000/sq mi) |
• Urban | 721,300 |
• Urban density | 5,100/km2 (13,000/sq mi) |
• Metro | 1,601,300 |
• Metro density | 1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Postal code | 466000 |
Area code(s) | 0394 |
ISO 3166 code | CN-HA-16 |
Vehicle registration | 豫P |
GDP(2009) | CNY 111.17 billion[3] |
Major Nationalities | Han |
County-level divisions | 9 |
Township-level divisions | 1 |
Website | www |
The prefecture-level city of Zhoukou administers 2 districts, 1 county-level city and 7 counties.
Map |
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Climate data for Zhoukou (Chuanhui District, 1981–2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average high °C (°F) | 6.3 (43.3) |
9.6 (49.3) |
14.7 (58.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
27.1 (80.8) |
31.6 (88.9) |
32.1 (89.8) |
30.9 (87.6) |
27.3 (81.1) |
22.2 (72.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
8.4 (47.1) |
20.6 (69.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) |
4.3 (39.7) |
9.2 (48.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
21.3 (70.3) |
25.9 (78.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
26.5 (79.7) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.3 (61.3) |
9.2 (48.6) |
3.3 (37.9) |
15.2 (59.4) |
Average low °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
0.2 (32.4) |
4.6 (40.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
16.0 (60.8) |
20.9 (69.6) |
23.8 (74.8) |
22.9 (73.2) |
17.9 (64.2) |
11.8 (53.2) |
5.0 (41.0) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
10.9 (51.6) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 17.0 (0.67) |
20.3 (0.80) |
38.9 (1.53) |
34.4 (1.35) |
74.3 (2.93) |
102.4 (4.03) |
217.9 (8.58) |
136.0 (5.35) |
82.1 (3.23) |
51.0 (2.01) |
31.4 (1.24) |
16.2 (0.64) |
821.9 (32.36) |
Average relative humidity (%) | 68 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 70 | 69 | 80 | 82 | 77 | 73 | 72 | 69 | 72 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4] |
For thousands of years, Chen (now at Huaiyang) had been the center of this area and a nationally well-known city. The ancient city site founded at Pingliangtai (near Huaiyang) is over 4600 years old, which is one of the oldest cities in China.[5] According to the legend, Fu Xi, the first of the Three Sovereigns of ancient China, died in the city. During the Spring and Autumn period, Chen was the capital of Chen State and then annexed by Chu. Therefore, the area was usually referred to as "Chen Chu" in ancient times. The leaders of the first Chinese peasant uprising (the Dazexiang uprising) established the government at Chen.
The city's name "Zhoukou" is short for "Zhoujiakou", which literally means "Zhou's ferry". Located at the intersection of Jialu River and Shaying River, it started to develop as a river harbor of China's Inland Water Transport System in the early Ming dynasty. By the end of the 18th century, two towns along the rivers merged into one big town with several tens of thousand permanent residents. From the port, cargo could either be shipped south to the Yangtze River or north to the Yellow River. However, after the "sea ban" was canceled, sea transport began to play a major role on the trade between Jiangnan and North China, which diminished the utility of inland waterways. The cost of maintaining the river channels kept increasing because of the ever-rising river bed. The appearance of railways and modern roads in the early 20th century lead to a recession in the water transport business nearby. Finally, in the 1970s, a dam was built on the Shaying River, which cut the city's last waterway.
In 2000, the government of the Zhoukou prefecture-level city was founded. The old county-level city and its suburban area became Chuanhui District.
Zhoukou is a major agricultural producer in the province of Henan. Its economy is mainly based on the trade of agricultural products, such as grain, cotton, oil, meat and tobacco. In particular, Zhoukou is famous for the skin of the Huai Goat, a local breed of goat.
Railways
Expressways
Highways
Universities and Colleges
Schools[6]
Henan topics | |
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Zhengzhou (capital) | |
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Notes: *Provincial capitals, ★Sub-provincial cities, ☆Sub-provincial autonomous prefecture *Sub prefectural-level divisions, ✧"Comparatively larger city [zh]" (较大的市) as approved by the State Council | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also: List of prefectures in China, List of cities in China |