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Fukui (福井市, Fukui-shi) is the capital city of Fukui Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2018, the city had an estimated population of 264,217, and a population density of 69.2 persons per km2, in 102,935 households.[1] Its total area is 536.41 square kilometres (207.11 sq mi). Most of the population lives in a small central area; the city limits include rural plains, mountainous areas, and suburban sprawl along the Route 8 bypass.

Fukui
福井市
Core city
Seen from Mt.Asuwa Fukui City Skyline distant view
Fukui CastleIchijōdani Asakura Family Historic Ruins
Asuwa JinjyaFukui City Water Service Memorial
Cherry trees along the Asuwa RiverEchizen-Kaga Kaigan Quasi-National Park
Location of Fukui in Fukui Prefecture
Fukui
 
Coordinates: 36°3′50.6″N 136°13′10.5″E
CountryJapan
RegionChūbu (Hokuriku)
PrefectureFukui
Government
  - MayorShin'ichi Higashimura
Area
  Total536.41 km2 (207.11 sq mi)
Population
 (July 1, 2017)
  Total264,217
  Density490/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
Phone number0776-20-5111
Address3-10-1 Ōte, Fukui-shi, Fukui-ken 910-8511
ClimateCfa
Websitewww.city.fukui.lg.jp
Symbols
FlowerHydrangea
TreePine

Overview



Cityscape



Geography


Fukui is located in the coastal plain in north-central part of the prefecture. It is bordered by the Sea of Japan to the west and the Ryōhaku Mountains to the east. The Kuzuryū River flows through the city.


Climate


Fukui has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with hot, humid summers and cool winters. Precipitation is high throughout the year, and is especially heavy in December and January.

Climate data for Fukui (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1897−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.9
(67.8)
21.8
(71.2)
26.2
(79.2)
32.0
(89.6)
34.5
(94.1)
36.4
(97.5)
38.6
(101.5)
38.5
(101.3)
37.7
(99.9)
32.3
(90.1)
27.5
(81.5)
24.6
(76.3)
38.6
(101.5)
Average high °C (°F) 6.7
(44.1)
7.8
(46.0)
12.2
(54.0)
18.3
(64.9)
23.3
(73.9)
26.5
(79.7)
30.4
(86.7)
32.2
(90.0)
27.7
(81.9)
22.1
(71.8)
16.0
(60.8)
9.8
(49.6)
19.4
(66.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.2
(37.8)
3.7
(38.7)
7.2
(45.0)
12.8
(55.0)
18.1
(64.6)
22.0
(71.6)
26.1
(79.0)
27.4
(81.3)
23.1
(73.6)
17.1
(62.8)
11.3
(52.3)
5.9
(42.6)
14.8
(58.6)
Average low °C (°F) 0.5
(32.9)
0.3
(32.5)
2.8
(37.0)
7.8
(46.0)
13.4
(56.1)
18.2
(64.8)
22.7
(72.9)
23.7
(74.7)
19.4
(66.9)
13.1
(55.6)
7.3
(45.1)
2.7
(36.9)
11.0
(51.8)
Record low °C (°F) −15.1
(4.8)
−14.3
(6.3)
−9.9
(14.2)
−2.6
(27.3)
1.3
(34.3)
7.3
(45.1)
12.8
(55.0)
13.4
(56.1)
7.7
(45.9)
0.5
(32.9)
−1.5
(29.3)
−11.2
(11.8)
−15.1
(4.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 284.9
(11.22)
167.7
(6.60)
160.7
(6.33)
137.2
(5.40)
139.1
(5.48)
152.8
(6.02)
239.8
(9.44)
150.7
(5.93)
212.9
(8.38)
153.8
(6.06)
196.1
(7.72)
304.0
(11.97)
2,299.6
(90.54)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 85
(33)
58
(23)
14
(5.5)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
0
(0)
31
(12)
186
(73)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.5 mm) 24.3 20.0 17.4 13.3 12.0 11.9 13.5 9.9 12.4 13.4 17.5 23.5 189.2
Average relative humidity (%) 82 78 71 68 68 74 76 73 76 76 78 81 75
Mean monthly sunshine hours 65.4 88.4 136.3 172.3 191.1 146.8 155.4 205.7 151.2 154.4 114.4 72.2 1,653.7
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[2]
Climate data for Koshino, Fukui City (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.8
(67.6)
21.4
(70.5)
24.4
(75.9)
30.5
(86.9)
33.6
(92.5)
34.7
(94.5)
38.2
(100.8)
37.6
(99.7)
36.6
(97.9)
31.1
(88.0)
26.1
(79.0)
22.9
(73.2)
38.2
(100.8)
Average high °C (°F) 8.1
(46.6)
8.5
(47.3)
11.9
(53.4)
17.2
(63.0)
22.0
(71.6)
25.0
(77.0)
29.3
(84.7)
30.9
(87.6)
26.8
(80.2)
21.5
(70.7)
16.4
(61.5)
11.1
(52.0)
19.1
(66.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 5.5
(41.9)
5.5
(41.9)
8.2
(46.8)
13.1
(55.6)
17.8
(64.0)
21.3
(70.3)
25.7
(78.3)
27.2
(81.0)
23.4
(74.1)
18.3
(64.9)
13.3
(55.9)
8.2
(46.8)
15.6
(60.1)
Average low °C (°F) 2.9
(37.2)
2.7
(36.9)
4.8
(40.6)
9.2
(48.6)
14.0
(57.2)
18.3
(64.9)
22.8
(73.0)
24.3
(75.7)
20.6
(69.1)
15.6
(60.1)
10.4
(50.7)
5.5
(41.9)
12.6
(54.7)
Record low °C (°F) −3.8
(25.2)
−4.7
(23.5)
−1.2
(29.8)
0.6
(33.1)
6.9
(44.4)
10.1
(50.2)
16.2
(61.2)
17.6
(63.7)
13.6
(56.5)
6.9
(44.4)
1.5
(34.7)
−1.3
(29.7)
−4.7
(23.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 218.4
(8.60)
139.8
(5.50)
156.6
(6.17)
143.0
(5.63)
157.6
(6.20)
157.8
(6.21)
225.7
(8.89)
146.7
(5.78)
230.2
(9.06)
166.1
(6.54)
173.6
(6.83)
253.8
(9.99)
2,169.4
(85.41)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 23.6 18.3 15.5 12.0 11.3 11.3 12.4 8.7 11.8 11.8 15.7 23.0 175.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 46.2 72.7 132.9 176.3 194.2 145.9 163.9 215.4 150.4 138.8 96.7 53.8 1,587.3
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[3][4]

Neighbouring municipalities


Fukui Prefecture

Demographics


Per Japanese census data, the population of Fukui has remained relatively steady over the past 40 years.

Census data
YearPop.±%
1873 39,784    
1970 231,901+482.9%
1980 259,638+12.0%
1990 270,911+4.3%
2000 269,557−0.5%
2010 266,796−1.0%
2020 262,328−1.7%
Source: Fukui population statistics, Japanese Imperial Commission (1873)

History



Origins


Fukui was part of ancient Echizen Province.


Sengoku Period


In 1471, Asakura had displaced the Shiba clan as the shugo military commander of Echizen Province.[5] The same year, Asakura Toshikage (1428–1481) fortified the Ichijōdani by constructing hilltop fortifications on the surrounding mountains and constructing walls and gates to seal off the northern and southern end of the valley. Within this area, he contracted a fortified mansion, surrounded by the homes of his relatives and retainers, and eventually by the residences of merchants and artisans, and Buddhist temples. He offered refuge to people of culture or skills from Kyoto attempting to escape the conflict of the Ōnin War, and the Ichijōdani became a major cultural, military, and population center, and by the time of Asakura Takakage (1493–1548) it had a peak population of over 10,000 inhabitants. Yoshikage succeeded his father as head of the Asakura clan and castle lord of Ichijōdani Castle in 1548.[6][7]

The Asakura maintained good relations with the Ashikaga shogunate, and thus eventually came into conflict with Oda Nobunaga. Following Nobunaga's capture of Kyoto, Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshiaki appointed Asakura Yoshikage as regent and requested aid in driving Nobunaga out of the capital.[8] As a result, Nobunaga launched an invasion of Echizen Province. Due to Yoshikage's lack of military skill, Nobunaga's forces were successful at the Siege of Kanegasaki and subsequent Battle of Anegawa in 1570, leaving the entire Asakura Domain open to invasion.[5][9][10]

Ichijōdani was razed to the ground by Nobunaga during the 1573 Siege of Ichijōdani Castle.[11]

Kitanosho Castle is known, though that it was built by Shibata Katsuie in 1575. Also, it appears that the tenshu (keep) was nine stories high, making it the largest of the time.


Edo Period


Castle town and centre of Fukui Domain during the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. Fukui Domain played a key role in the Meiji restoration. The modern city of Fukui was founded with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889.


Meiji, Taisho & Showa Period


During the pre-war period, Fukui grew to become an important industrial and railroad centre. Factories in the area produced aircraft parts, electrical equipment, machine motors, various metal products and textiles.

Fukui was largely destroyed on June 19, 1945 during the Bombing of Fukui during World War II. Of the city's 1.9 sq mi (4.9 km2) at the time, 84.8% of Fukui was destroyed, per the United States Army Air Forces's Strategic Bombing Survey.


Modern Fukui


Fukui was again devastated by a major earthquake in 1948.

On February 1, 2006, the town of Miyama (from Asuwa District), the town of Shimizu, and the village of Koshino (both from Nyū District) were merged into Fukui.

Fukui's city status was designated a core city on April 1, 2019.[12]


Government


Fukui City Hall
Fukui City Hall

Fukui has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 32 members. The city also contributes 12 members to the Fukui Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, Fukui forms part of Fukui 1st district, a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan.


External relations


Fukui International Activities Plaza
Fukui International Activities Plaza

Twin towns – sister cities



International

Fukui is twinned with:[13]

Sister Cities
CityCountryStatesince
New Brunswick United States New Jersey May, 1982
Fullerton United States California November, 1989
Friendship Cities
CityCountryStatesince
Hangzhou China Zhejiang November, 1989
Suwon South Korea Gyeonggi April, 2001

National

Sister Cities
CityPrefectureregionsince
Kumamoto Kumamoto Kyūshū region November, 1994
Friendship cities
CityPrefectureregionsince
Yūki Ibaraki Kantō region April, 2002
Partnership cities
CityPrefectureregionsince
Nagano Nagano Chūbu region August 9, 2013

Economy


Fukui Prefecture Agricultural Cooperatives
Fukui Prefecture Agricultural Cooperatives
Fisheries Cooperative Association of FukuiCity
Fisheries Cooperative Association of FukuiCity

The economy of Fukui is mixed. The city is a regional commercial and finance centre; however, manufacturing, agriculture and commercial fishing also are contributors to the local economy.


Primary sector of the economy



Agriculture

Japan Agricultural Cooperatives(JA)

Fishing industry

Japan Fisheries cooperative(JF)

Secondary sector of industry



Manufacturing industry

Fukui is home to several companies, including:


Tertiary sector of industry



Service industry


Education


University of Fukui
University of Fukui

Universities and colleges



Secondary schools



Other schools



Transport


Fukui Station
Fukui Station
Fukui Railway Fukubu Line
Fukui Railway Fukubu Line
Fukui-kita IC(Hokuriku Expressway)
Fukui-kita IC
(Hokuriku Expressway)
Port of Takasu
Port of Takasu

Railways



High-speed rail

West Japan Railway Company (JR West)

Conventional lines

West Japan Railway Company (JR West)
Fukui Railway
Echizen Railway

Roads



Expressways


Japan National Route


Seaways



Sea Port


Visitor attractions


Ichijōdani Asakura Family Historic Ruins
Ichijōdani Asakura Family Historic Ruins

Culture



Sports



Baseball


Handball


Soccer


References


  1. Official home page
  2. 気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値). Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
  3. 観測史上1~10位の値(年間を通じての値). JMA. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  4. 気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値). JMA. Retrieved April 2, 2022.
  5. "Asakura Yoshikage". Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  6. "朝倉 義景" [Asakura Yoshikage]. Nihon Jinmei Daijiten (日本人名大辞典) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  7. "朝倉 義景" [Asakura Yoshikage]. Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  8. "朝倉 義景" [Asakura Yoshikage]. Kokushi Daijiten (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 683276033. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  9. "朝倉義景" [Asakura Yoshikage]. Dijitaru Daijisen (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on 2007-08-25. Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  10. Turnbull, Stephen (1987). Battles of the Samurai. Arms and Armour Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0853688266.
  11. "Ichijodani Asakura Family Site Museum". Retrieved 2017-10-10.
  12. "平成31年4月 中核市『福井市』誕生!". Official website of Fukui. April 1, 2019. Retrieved April 7, 2019.
  13. "市政情報". city.fukui.lg.jp (in Japanese). Fukui. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  14. "Company Profile". Matsuura Machinery. Retrieved on May 7, 2019.
  15. "Corporate Profile Archived 2017-12-09 at the Wayback Machine." Kumagai Gumi. Retrieved on August 31, 2017."
  16. "Archived copy". www.hks35.ac.jp. Archived from the original on 21 November 2003. Retrieved 11 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)



На других языках


[de] Fukui

Fukui (japanisch 福井市, -shi) ist eine Stadt innerhalb der Region Chūbu in Japan, nördlich des größten Sees des Landes, des Biwa-See gelegen. Sie ist die größte Stadt sowie zugleich Verwaltungssitz der Präfektur Fukui.
- [en] Fukui (city)

[es] Fukui (Fukui)

La ciudad de Fukui (福井市, Fukui-shi?) es la capital de la prefectura de Fukui. Se encuentra localizada en la parte norte de la prefectura, en la costa del mar de Japón en la región de Chubu/Hokuriku.

[ru] Фукуи (город)

Фукуи́[1][2] (яп. 福井市 Фукуи-си) — особый город и административный центр префектуры Фукуи в Японии. Площадь города составляет 536,19 км²[3], население — 264 801 человек (1 июля 2014)[4], плотность населения — 493,86 чел./км².



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