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Kawaguchi (川口市, Kawaguchi-shi) is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2021^[update], the city had an estimated population of 607,373 in 293,582 households and a population density of 9800 persons per km².[1] The total area of the city is 61.95 square kilometres (23.92 sq mi). It is the Greater Tokyo Area's 8th most populated city (after passing Hachioji), and second largest in Saitama Prefecture.

Kawaguchi 川口市
Core city
View of downtown Kawaguchi
Flag Seal
Location of Kawaguchi in Saitama Prefecture
Kawaguchi
Coordinates: 35°48′27.7″N 139°43′26.8″E
Country	Japan
Region	Kantō
Prefecture	Saitama
Government
• Mayor	Nobuo Okunoki (since February 2014)
Area
• Total	61.95 km2 (23.92 sq mi)
Population  (January 1, 2021)
• Total	607,373
• Density	9,800/km2 (25,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
- Tree	Camellia sasanqua
- Flower	Lilium longiflorum
Phone number	048-258-1110
Address	2-1-1 Aoki, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama-ken 332-0031
Website	Official website

Geography

Kawaguchi is located near the center of the Kantō Plain in southern Saitama Prefecture, and is bordered by the Tokyo wards of Kita-ku and Adachi-ku to the south. The city area is mostly flat and mainly residential except for the Omiya tableland, which occupies part of the north and east area. The Arakawa River runs across the border with Kita-ku to the south.

Surrounding municipalities

Saitama Prefecture

• Koshigaya
• Sōka
• Saitama
• Warabi
• Toda

Tokyo Metropolis

• Kita
• Adachi

Climate

Kawaguchi has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kawaguchi is 14.8 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1482 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.6 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.2 °C.[2]

Demographics

As of May 1, 2010, registered population was 516,409, including 20,808 alien residents, continuing a trend of population growth in the city since 1933 when the city was founded. There has been a gradual increase in the number of non-Japanese residents living in the city because of the convenient location to Tokyo and relatively low rent. Now, the number of people from China is the largest, followed by Korea and Philippines.[3]

Kawaguchi is a typical suburb city of Tokyo metropolitan area, where population greatly changes between daytime and nighttime due to commute to big cities, especially to Tokyo. In mid 1990s, population growth rate declined, but recent apartment construction boom in the city helps increase population growth rate again. The number of children continues to decrease in accordance with the decline of number of birth: 4,735 in 2009 down from the highest number of 7,932 in 1971. By contrast, the rate of people over the age of 65 is increasing, approximately 18.5% as of January 1, 2010. Yet the number is below the national average.[4]

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1933	45,573	—
1945	97,709	+6.56%
1955	130,545	+2.94%
1965	231,193	+5.88%
1975	335,864	+3.81%
1980	373,123	+2.13%
1990	433,262	+1.51%
2000	455,886	+0.51%
2010	500,598	+0.94%
2015	592,602	+3.43%
Source: [4]

History

After the last ice age, during early and middle Jōmon period, most of the area which is now Kawaguchi was under sea level except for the area which is now Omiya Tableland. Ancient peoples living in this area left several shell middens, in which shells, Jōmon pottery, and pit houses have been discovered by archaeologists. Many Kofun period barrows were also found in Kawaguchi, however many have also been destroyed by urban development. From the Heian period onwards, Kawaguchi was part of Musashi Province. The name "Kawaguchi" appears in the Kamakura period chronicle Gikeiki, but it is not proven that this name designated current area of Kawaguchi.

During the Edo period, Kawaguchi-juku developed as a post station on the Nikkō Onari Kaidō, a highway used by the Tokugawa shōgun and daimyō to visit Nikkō Tōshō-gū. Towards the Bakumatsu period and into the Meiji period, the demand for metal products increased. Because of proximity to Tokyo and convenient water transportation using Arakawa River, Kawaguchi became the center of metal casting industry, for which it has remained famous until modern times.

The town of Kawaguchi was established within Kitaadachi District, Saitama on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Kawaguchi was elevated to city status on April 1, 1933 by the merger of Kawaguchi with the neighboring villages of Aoki, Minami-Hirayanagi and Yokozone. The city expanded by annexing the town of Hatogaya and villages of Shiba, Kamine and Shingō in 1940. However, Hatogaya separated from Kawaguchi in 1948 in accordance with the results of a referendum.

Kawaguchi has experienced many disasters, including flood, earthquake and war. The Arakawa River has inundated Kawaguchi countless times and ruined agriculture, which resulted in famines. Also, the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake damaged buildings in Kawaguchi, killing 99 people.

Currently, the population of Kawaguchi continues to increase, and many tall apartment buildings are being built around train stations. This is because many casting foundries moved to suburban industrial parks and the former sites were turned into residential areas.[5]

On April 1, 2001, Kawaguchi was designated a special city, with increased local autonomy.

On October 11, 2011, Kawaguchi re-absorbed the city of Hatogaya.

Government

Kawaguchi has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 42 members. Kawaguchi contributes seven members to the Saitama Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between Saitama 2nd district and Saitama 15th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2016)

Education

Universities and colleges

• Saitama Gakuen University
• Kawaguchi Junior College
• Kawaguchi Art School of Waseda University

High schools

• Saitama Prefectural Kawaguchi High School
• Saitama Prefectural Kawaguchi Kita High School
• Saitama Prefectural Kawaguchi Technical High School
• Saitama Prefectural Kawaguchi Seiryo High School
• Saitama Prefectural Kawaguchi Higashi High School
• Saitama Prefectural Hatogaya High School
• Kawaguchi Municipal High School

Middle schools

(all managed by the city)

Elementary schools

(all managed by the city)

Special schools

• Saitama Prefectural Kawaguchi Special Needs School[6]
• Saitama Korean Kindergarten (埼玉朝鮮幼稚園) - North Korean school[7] -- (Abolished at March 31, 2014 )

Transportation

Railway

JR East – Keihin-Tohoku line

• Kawaguchi - Nishi-Kawaguchi

JR East – Musashino line

• Higashi-Kawaguchi

Saitama Rapid Railway Line

• Kawaguchi Motogō - Minami Hatogaya - Hatogaya - Araijuku - Tozuka-angyō - Higashi-Kawaguchi

Buses

Kawaguchi has a highly developed bus network, mainly operated by Kokusai Kogyo Bus. The east region of the city is relatively far from train stations, many people use buses to the nearest train stations. Some bus routes have over twenty bus services an hour in the morning.[8]

Bus operators

• Kokusai Kogyo Bus
• Tobu Bus Central

Highway

• Tōhoku Expressway – Kawaguchi Junction
• Tokyo Gaikan Expressway – Kawaguchi-Nishi Interchange, Kawaguchi-Chūō Interchange, Kawaguchi Junction, Kawaguchi-Higashi Interchange
• Kawaguchi Route – Kawaguchi Junction, Araijuku, Angyō, Shingo, Higashi Ryoke
• National Route 122
• National Route 298

Local attractions

• Kawaguchi Green Center
• Kawaguchi Shrine
• Former Tanaka Family Residence

Noted people from Kawaguchi

• Yoshitaka Shindō, politician
• Yukio Tomioka, politician
• Yukio Ninagawa, stage director
• Kumiko Ohba, actress
• Hiroyuki Endo, retired badminton player

References

External links

• Official Website (in Japanese)

На других языках

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[de] Kawaguchi

Kawaguchi (japanisch 川口市, Kawaguchi-shi) ist eine Stadt in der Präfektur Saitama auf Honshū, der Hauptinsel von Japan. Sie ist am nördlichen Rand von Tokio gelegen. Kawaguchi wurde am 1. April 1933 zur kreisfreien Stadt (-shi).

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- [en] Kawaguchi, Saitama

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[es] Kawaguchi (Saitama)

Kawaguchi (川口市, Kawaguchi-shi?) es una ciudad que se encuentra en el límite sur de la prefectura de Saitama, Japón. Es la segunda ciudad de la prefectura de Saitama por población, tan solo por detrás de la capital, Saitama. Debido a su situación junto al río Arakawa, límite natural de la prefectura de Tokio, muchos de sus habitantes acuden diariamente a Tokio para trabajar o disfrutar del ocio.

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[ru] Кавагути (город)

Кавагу́ти (яп. 川口市 Кавагути-си) — Центральный город в Японии, находящийся в префектуре Сайтама. Площадь города составляет 61,97 км²[1], население — 570 497 человек (1 августа 2014)[2], плотность населения — 9206,02 чел./км².

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