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Kawaguchi (川口市, Kawaguchi-shi) is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2021, the city had an estimated population of 607,373 in 293,582 households and a population density of 9800 persons per km².[1] The total area of the city is 61.95 square kilometres (23.92 sq mi). It is the Greater Tokyo Area's 8th most populated city (after passing Hachioji), and second largest in Saitama Prefecture.

Kawaguchi
川口市
Core city
View of downtown Kawaguchi
Location of Kawaguchi in Saitama Prefecture
Kawaguchi
Coordinates: 35°48′27.7″N 139°43′26.8″E
CountryJapan
RegionKantō
PrefectureSaitama
Government
  MayorNobuo Okunoki (since February 2014)
Area
  Total61.95 km2 (23.92 sq mi)
Population
 (January 1, 2021)
  Total607,373
  Density9,800/km2 (25,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
- TreeCamellia sasanqua
- FlowerLilium longiflorum
Phone number048-258-1110
Address2-1-1 Aoki, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama-ken 332-0031
WebsiteOfficial website
Lion statue near Kawaguchi Station.
Lion statue near Kawaguchi Station.
Kawaguchi City Hall.
Kawaguchi City Hall.

Geography


Kawaguchi is located near the center of the Kantō Plain in southern Saitama Prefecture, and is bordered by the Tokyo wards of Kita-ku and Adachi-ku to the south. The city area is mostly flat and mainly residential except for the Omiya tableland, which occupies part of the north and east area. The Arakawa River runs across the border with Kita-ku to the south.


Surrounding municipalities


Saitama Prefecture

Tokyo Metropolis


Climate


Kawaguchi has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kawaguchi is 14.8 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1482 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.6 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.2 °C.[2]


Demographics


As of May 1, 2010, registered population was 516,409, including 20,808 alien residents, continuing a trend of population growth in the city since 1933 when the city was founded. There has been a gradual increase in the number of non-Japanese residents living in the city because of the convenient location to Tokyo and relatively low rent. Now, the number of people from China is the largest, followed by Korea and Philippines.[3]

Kawaguchi is a typical suburb city of Tokyo metropolitan area, where population greatly changes between daytime and nighttime due to commute to big cities, especially to Tokyo. In mid 1990s, population growth rate declined, but recent apartment construction boom in the city helps increase population growth rate again. The number of children continues to decrease in accordance with the decline of number of birth: 4,735 in 2009 down from the highest number of 7,932 in 1971. By contrast, the rate of people over the age of 65 is increasing, approximately 18.5% as of January 1, 2010. Yet the number is below the national average.[4]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1933 45,573    
1945 97,709+6.56%
1955 130,545+2.94%
1965 231,193+5.88%
1975 335,864+3.81%
1980 373,123+2.13%
1990 433,262+1.51%
2000 455,886+0.51%
2010 500,598+0.94%
2015 592,602+3.43%
Source: [4]

History


An ukiyo-e woodblock print from the One Hundred Famous Views of Edo series by Utagawa Hiroshige, depicting the crossing of the Arakawa River at Zenkō-ji Temple (1857).
An ukiyo-e woodblock print from the One Hundred Famous Views of Edo series by Utagawa Hiroshige, depicting the crossing of the Arakawa River at Zenkō-ji Temple (1857).
Honchō, Kawaguchi
Honchō, Kawaguchi

After the last ice age, during early and middle Jōmon period, most of the area which is now Kawaguchi was under sea level except for the area which is now Omiya Tableland. Ancient peoples living in this area left several shell middens, in which shells, Jōmon pottery, and pit houses have been discovered by archaeologists. Many Kofun period barrows were also found in Kawaguchi, however many have also been destroyed by urban development. From the Heian period onwards, Kawaguchi was part of Musashi Province. The name "Kawaguchi" appears in the Kamakura period chronicle Gikeiki, but it is not proven that this name designated current area of Kawaguchi.

During the Edo period, Kawaguchi-juku developed as a post station on the Nikkō Onari Kaidō, a highway used by the Tokugawa shōgun and daimyō to visit Nikkō Tōshō-gū. Towards the Bakumatsu period and into the Meiji period, the demand for metal products increased. Because of proximity to Tokyo and convenient water transportation using Arakawa River, Kawaguchi became the center of metal casting industry, for which it has remained famous until modern times.

The town of Kawaguchi was established within Kitaadachi District, Saitama on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Kawaguchi was elevated to city status on April 1, 1933 by the merger of Kawaguchi with the neighboring villages of Aoki, Minami-Hirayanagi and Yokozone. The city expanded by annexing the town of Hatogaya and villages of Shiba, Kamine and Shingō in 1940. However, Hatogaya separated from Kawaguchi in 1948 in accordance with the results of a referendum.

Kawaguchi has experienced many disasters, including flood, earthquake and war. The Arakawa River has inundated Kawaguchi countless times and ruined agriculture, which resulted in famines. Also, the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake damaged buildings in Kawaguchi, killing 99 people.

Currently, the population of Kawaguchi continues to increase, and many tall apartment buildings are being built around train stations. This is because many casting foundries moved to suburban industrial parks and the former sites were turned into residential areas.[5]

On April 1, 2001, Kawaguchi was designated a special city, with increased local autonomy.

On October 11, 2011, Kawaguchi re-absorbed the city of Hatogaya.

Arakawa River at Kawaguchi
Arakawa River at Kawaguchi

Government


Kawaguchi has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 42 members. Kawaguchi contributes seven members to the Saitama Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is divided between Saitama 2nd district and Saitama 15th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.


Economy



Education



Universities and colleges



High schools



Middle schools


(all managed by the city)


Elementary schools


(all managed by the city)


Special schools



Transportation



Railway


JR East – Keihin-Tohoku line

JR East – Musashino line

Saitama Rapid Railway Line


Buses


Kawaguchi has a highly developed bus network, mainly operated by Kokusai Kogyo Bus. The east region of the city is relatively far from train stations, many people use buses to the nearest train stations. Some bus routes have over twenty bus services an hour in the morning.[8]


Bus operators


Highway



Local attractions


Kawaguchi Jinja
Kawaguchi Jinja

Noted people from Kawaguchi



References


  1. "Kawaguchi city official statistics" (PDF) (in Japanese). Japan.
  2. Kawaguchi climate data
  3. Ministry of Justice. "Press release June 2009".
  4. 川口市統計書 平成27年版 [The statistics of Kawaguchi (2015)]. Kawaguchi City Office. 2015.
  5. 川口市史縮小版 [The short history of Kawaguchi]. Kawaguchi City Office. 1996.
  6. "トップページ - 埼玉県立川口特別支援学校". kawaguchi-sh.spec.ed.jp. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  7. Home page. Saitama Korean Kindergarten. Retrieved on 14 October 2015. "〒333-0831 埼玉県川口市木曽呂1392-1"
  8. Kokusai Bus.com



На других языках


[de] Kawaguchi

Kawaguchi (japanisch 川口市, Kawaguchi-shi) ist eine Stadt in der Präfektur Saitama auf Honshū, der Hauptinsel von Japan. Sie ist am nördlichen Rand von Tokio gelegen. Kawaguchi wurde am 1. April 1933 zur kreisfreien Stadt (-shi).
- [en] Kawaguchi, Saitama

[es] Kawaguchi (Saitama)

Kawaguchi (川口市, Kawaguchi-shi?) es una ciudad que se encuentra en el límite sur de la prefectura de Saitama, Japón. Es la segunda ciudad de la prefectura de Saitama por población, tan solo por detrás de la capital, Saitama. Debido a su situación junto al río Arakawa, límite natural de la prefectura de Tokio, muchos de sus habitantes acuden diariamente a Tokio para trabajar o disfrutar del ocio.

[ru] Кавагути (город)

Кавагу́ти (яп. 川口市 Кавагути-си) — Центральный город в Японии, находящийся в префектуре Сайтама. Площадь города составляет 61,97 км²[1], население — 570 497 человек (1 августа 2014)[2], плотность населения — 9206,02 чел./км².



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