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Oignies (French pronunciation: [waɲi]; Picard: Ongnies) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.[2]

Oignies
Commune
Pit 9 - 9 in Oignies
Location of Oignies
Oignies
Oignies
Coordinates: 50°28′12″N 2°59′40″E
CountryFrance
RegionHauts-de-France
DepartmentPas-de-Calais
ArrondissementLens
CantonHénin-Beaumont-1
IntercommunalityCA Hénin-Carvin
Government
  Mayor (20202026) Fabienne Dupuis-Merlevede
Area
1
5.52 km2 (2.13 sq mi)
Population
 (Jan. 2019)[1]
9,993
  Density1,800/km2 (4,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
  Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
62637 /62590
Elevation23–33 m (75–108 ft)
(avg. 28 m or 92 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography


Oignies is a former coalmining town, nowadays a light industrial town, 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Lens, at the junction of the D46 and the D160 roads. The A1 autoroute passes through the commune, alongside a wooded and lake-filled parkland area.


History



Ancient times


The town of Oignies seems to have been inhabited since early Christian times. Then it was known as Ongniacume.


Coal is discovered


In the grounds of the Château of Mme De Clercq on 7 June 1842 an Engineer, Monsieur Mulot, discovered the presence of coal, an economic godsend for the region which then developed a huge mining industry. This was the first discovery of coal in the region.


The two world wars


During the First World War, the town was occupied by the Germans. Shortly before their retreat from the territory in October 1918 they destroyed the town and coal mines.

Between 28 May 1940 and 2 September 1944, the town was once again occupied by the troops of Nazi Germany. Shortly after they arrived the occupying forces burned 380 houses and killed 80 civilians in revenge for the fierce resistance they met on the bridge of the Battery.

In 1919, Oignies had seen the arrival in the town of Georges Clemenceau who came to bestow the "Croix de guerre". In 1948, it was the turn of Vincent Auriol accompanied by François Mitterrand who once again bestowed the cross on the town. He inaugurated a mausoleum remembering those 80 shot on 28 May 1940 and declared Oignies a "Ville Martyre" (martyred town).[3]


End of coal mining


On 21 December 1990, the last truck of coal was hoisted from shaft 9 at Oignies. This well-publicized event marked the end of coal mining in the whole of the north of France.


Heraldry


Arms of Oignies
Arms of Oignies
The arms of Oignies are blazoned :

Vert, a fess ermine. (Oignies, Beaucamps-Ligny, Estrées, Gruson and Wicres use the same arms.)




Population


Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1968 12,563    
1975 11,649−1.07%
1982 10,546−1.41%
1990 10,660+0.13%
1999 10,531−0.14%
2007 10,235−0.36%
2012 9,771−0.92%
2017 9,767−0.01%
Source: INSEE[4]

Notable people



Places of interest


The coal mines
The coal mines

Twin towns



See also



References


  1. "Populations légales 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
  2. INSEE commune file
  3. Local history Archived 12 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Oignies town site consulted 10 Jan 09
  4. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE



На других языках


- [en] Oignies

[ru] Уаньи (Па-де-Кале)

Уаньи́ (фр. Oignies) — коммуна во Франции, регион О-де-Франс, департамент Па-де-Кале, округ Ланс, кантон Энен-Бомон-1. Город расположен в 14 км к северо-востоку от Ланса и в 21 км к югу от Лилля, в 2 км от автомагистрали А1 "Нор", на берегу канала Дёль.



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