Chanthaburi (Thai: จันทบุรี, pronounced [tɕān.tʰá(ʔ).bū.rīː]; Chong: จันกะบูย chankabui,[4] lit. 'Lady Chan, Who wears a pan on her head'[5]) is one of seven provinces (changwat) in eastern Thailand, on the border with Battambang and Pailin of Cambodia, on the shore of the Gulf of Thailand. Neighbouring provinces are Trat in the east and Rayong, Chonburi, Chachoengsao, and Sa Kaeo to the west and north.

Chanthaburi จันทบุรี
Province
Chantaboon Community
Flag Seal
Nickname:  Mueang Chan
Motto(s):  "น้ำตกลือเลื่อง เมืองผลไม้ พริกไทยพันธุ์ดี อัญมณีมากเหลือ เสื่อจันทบูร สมบูรณ์ธรรมชาติ สมเด็จพระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช รวมญาติกู้ชาติที่จันทบุรี" ("Renown in waterfall, town of Fruit, Good pepper, bountiful jewels, Chanthaboon Mat, rich in nature, King Taksin the Great reunited the people and reclaimed our independence at Chanthaburi")
Map of Thailand highlighting Chanthaburi province
Country	Thailand
Capital	Chanthaburi
Government
• Governor	Suthee Thongyam (since 2020)
Area [1]
• Total	6,338 km2 (2,447 sq mi)
• Rank	Ranked 33rd
Population  (2018)[2]
• Total	536,496
• Rank	Ranked 49th
• Density	84.6/km2 (219/sq mi)
• Rank	Ranked 57th
Human Achievement Index [3]
• HAI (2017)	0.5862 "average" Ranked 38th
Time zone	UTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code	22xxx
Calling code	039
ISO 3166 code	TH-22

History

The indigenous people of the Chantaburi region are the Chong. The Chong have lived in the area since the Ayutthaya Kingdom, and are thought to have been early inhabitants of Cambodia, possibly pre-dating the Khmer. In Chantaburi province, the Chong predominantly inhabit the districts of Khao Khitchakut, Pong Nam Ron, and Makham.[6]

After the Paknam crisis in 1893, French colonial troops occupied Chanthaburi, returning it in 1905 when Thailand gave up ownership of the western part of Cambodia. A significant minority of Chanthaburi citizens are ethnic Vietnamese, who came there in three waves: first in the 19th century during anti-Catholic persecutions in Cochin China; a second wave in the 1920s to 1940s fleeing French Indochina; and a third wave after the communist victory in Vietnam in 1975.^{[citation needed]} The town of Chanthaburi has been the seat of a Bishop of Chanthaburi since 1944.

Chanthaburi once used to be an important source of gemstones, especially rubies and sapphires. While the Chantaboon Waterfront Community, was developed over three centuries ago during the reign of King Narai along the banks of the River Mae Nam Chantaburi. It was an essential transportation and trade hub. Over the years, the Chantaboon Waterfront Community had lost its sheen. However, in the recent decade, the locals with the help of Thai officials have contributed to its revival as a major destination for cultural tourism.

Geography

While the southern part of the province is on the shore of the Gulf of Thailand and thus is mostly coastal alluvial plains, the interior of the province is mountainous. The Chanthaburi Mountains in the north has the highest elevation in the province, the 1,675 m high Khao Soi Dao Tai peak. The main river of the province is the Chanthaburi River. The total forest area is 2,076 km² (802 sq mi) or 32.4 percent of provincial area.[7]

Together with the neighboring province, Trat, Chanthaburi is a center of gemstone mining, especially rubies and sapphires.[8] Tropical fruits are also among the main products of the province. In 2000, it produced nearly 380,000 tonnes of durian, which was 45.57 percent of Thailand's durian production, approximately 27 percent of the entire world's production.[9][10]

Within provincial boundaries lie three national parks: Namtok Phlio National Park,[11] Khao Khitchakut National Park,[12] and Khao Sip Ha Chan National Park.[13] The province is also home to the Khao Soi Dao Wildlife Sanctuary.

Symbols

The provincial seal shows the moon surrounded by an aura. Inside the moon disc is a rabbit, as in Thai folklore the dark areas on the moon (maria) form the shape of a rabbit. The seal symbolizes the peace and tranquility of the province. The moon also refers to the meaning of the province, "City of Moon", from Chantha- (Thai: จันท-, lit. 'moon') and buri (Thai: บุรี, lit. 'city').

The flag of the province also shows the seal in the middle, a white rabbit on a yellow moon disc, on a blue disc. The background of the flag is red, with the name of province in yellow written below the seal.[14]

The provincial tree is Diospyros decandra. The provincial flower is an orchid (Dendrobium friedericksianum).[15] The brackish water fish flagfin prawn goby (Mahidolia mystacina) is the provincial fish.

The provincial slogan is "Magnificent waterfalls, fruit city, good breeding peppercorns, loads of gems, Chanthabun mat, fertile nature, gathering place of King Taksin the Great's Liberation Army".

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

The province is divided into 10 districts (amphoes). These are further subdivided into 76 subdistricts (tambons) and 690 villages (mubans).

1. Mueang Chanthaburi
2. Khlung
3. Tha Mai
4. Pong Nam Ron
5. Makham
6. Laem Sing
7. Soi Dao
8. Kaeng Hang Maeo
9. Na Yai Am
10. Khao Khitchakut

Local government

As of 26 November 2019 there are:[16] one Chanthaburi Provincial Administration Organisation (transl. tha – transl. ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 47 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Chanthaburi, Chanthanimit, Khlung, Tha Chang and Tha Mai have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 42 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 34 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[2]

Transportation

Roads

Route 3 (Sukhumvit Road) passes near Chanthaburi and connects to Rayong, Pattaya, Chonburi, and Bangkok to the northwest and Trat to the southeast. Route 317 connects Chanthaburi to Sa Kaeo.[17]

Air

There is no airport in Chantaburi. The nearest airport is Trat Airport, 66 km from the center of Chanthaburi.

Human achievement index 2017

Health	Education	Employment	Income
52	31	13	21
Housing	Family	Transport	Participation
58	65	14	67
Province Chanthaburi, with an HAI 2017 value of 0.5862 is "average", occupies place 38 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[3]

Map with provinces and HAI 2017 rankings

Health

Chanthaburi's main hospital is Prapokklao Hospital, operated by the Ministry of Public Health.

Local food

• Mu chamuang (หมูชะมวง): a curry is made from pork belly, herbs and sour grape apple shimba Chamuang (Garcinia cowa) leaves which is a popular dish of Chanthaburi and other provinces in eastern region.[18]
• Kuaytiew mu liang (ก๋วยเตี๋ยว​หมูเลี้ยง): stewed pork noodles in Rĕw (Amomum villosum) herbal thicken soup which is unique local food.[19]
• Khanom khuai ling (ขนมควยลิง): traditional dessert of Chanthaburi with a long history, its name literally means "monkey's dick snack".[20]
• Kuaytiew sen chan pad pu (ก๋วยเตี๋ยวเส้นจันท์ผัดปู): a kind of Pad thai that uses Chanthaburi's rice noodles stir-fried with crab meat.[21]

References

External links

• Chanthaburi travel guide from Wikivoyage

На других языках

[de] Chanthaburi (Provinz)