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Phang Nga (Thai: พังงา, pronounced [pʰāŋ.ŋāː]) is one of the southern provinces (changwat) of Thailand, on the shore of the Andaman Sea to the west and Phang Nga Bay to the south. Neighboring provinces are (from north, clockwise) Ranong, Surat Thani, and Krabi. To the south is the Phuket province, connected by the Sarasin Bridge.

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Phang Nga พังงา
Province
From left to right, top to bottom : Phang Nga Bay, Surin Islands, Similan Islands, Ko Panyi, Khao Lak–Lam Ru National Park
Flag Seal
Map of Thailand highlighting Phang Nga province
Country	Thailand
Capital	Phang Nga
Government
• Governor	Chamroen Thipphayaphongthada (since October 2019)[1]
Area [2]
• Total	4,171 km2 (1,610 sq mi)
• Rank	Ranked 53rd
Population  (2018)[3]
• Total	268,240
• Rank	Ranked 72nd
• Density	64/km2 (170/sq mi)
• Rank	Ranked 68th
Human Achievement Index [4]
• HAI (2017)	0.5649 "somewhat low" Ranked 59th
Time zone	UTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code	82xxx
Calling code	076
ISO 3166 code	TH-82
Website	www.phangnga.go.th

Geography

The province is on the west side of the Malay Peninsula and includes the many islands of the Phang Nga Bay. The most famous may be the pair of Khao Phing Kan and Ko Ta Pu, the so-called James Bond Island; in the 1974 movie The Man with the Golden Gun, Khao Phing Kan is the home base of the villain, with the needle formed limestone rock of Ko Ta Pu, 20 metres (22 yd) off the main beach, featured prominently. Ao Phang Nga (Phang Nga Bay) National Park was established in 1981 to protect the many islands.[5] The Similan Islands and Surin Islands, two of Thailand's main diving destinations, are also part of Phang Nga province.[6] The total forest area is 1,778 km² (686 sq mi) or 32.4 percent of provincial area.[7]

Toponymy

Phang Nga is the modern Thai transliteration of the archaic Malay word Pangan, literally 'jungle'. The phrase orang Pangan denotes 'heathen, pagan, primitive people', in reference to a generalised tribe or people typically inhabiting jungle areas of the Malay Peninsula[8] and its offshore islands.

History

Phang Nga province originally believed that the name was "Mueang Phu Nga", In the past, Phu Nga city depended on Nakhon Si Thammarat.

From the chronicles it appears that before the Rattana Kosin period, Phang Nga was a sub-district with Takua Pa city. Until the reign of King Rama I of Rattankosin, Phang Nga has been elevated to a city equivalent to the city of Takua Pa and Takua Thung.

Rattanakosin period

Phang Nga was officially established in the reign of King Rama II of Rattanakosin in 1809. In that year, The Burmese attacked the towns of Takua Pa, Takua Thung and Thalang, King Rama II ordered to gather immigrants to establish a new community in Phang Nga town at "Kra Phu Nga".

Later in the reign of King Rama III, Phraya Borirak Phuthon (Saeng Na Nakhon) was appointed as the first governor of Phang Nga in 1840, and has dissolved the city of Takua Thung into a district of Phang Nga and later Takua Pa was included as a district of Phang Nga in 1931.

In 1890, King Rama V travelled to Phang Nga and recorded about the state of Phang Nga that is Phang Nga is a beautiful fertile city.

Many years later in 1916, has changed the name of "Phang Nga Town" to "Phang Nga province". Later, when the economic downturn occurred in the reign of King Rama VII, has collapsed Takua Pa, which has status as a province in the district up to Phang Nga.

Symbols

The provincial seal shows the Phu Khao Chang mountains in the background, with city hall in front. It also shows a dredge to represent the tin mining in the province.[9]

The provincial slogan is, "Massive mining industry, Ban Klang Nam 'floating house', delightful caves, strangely shaped hills, Jampun flower, rich in resources".[9]

The provincial tree is Cinnamomum porrectum (hardy cinnamon), and the provincial flower is Anaxagorea javanica.

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

Phang Nga is divided into eight districts (amphoes), which are further divided into 48 subdistricts (tambons) and 314 villages (mubans).

Mueang Phang Nga Ko Yao Kapong (Malay: Kampung) Takua Thung Takua Pa Khura Buri Thap Put Thai Mueang

Local government

As of 26 November 2019, there are:[10] one Phang Nga Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 15 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Phang Nga and Takua Pa have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 13 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 36 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[3]

Transportation

• Roads: Hwy 4 is the main route that connects all districts in Phang Nga (except Kapong and Ko Yao). Hwy 401 connects Phang Nga to Surat Thani. Hwy 402 connects Phang Nga to Phuket province. Hwy 4090 connects Muang to Kapong District.
• Railways: There is no rail system in Phang Nga province. The nearest railway station is at Phunphin district, Surat Thani province.
• Bus: There are frequent buses to Bangkok and other provinces. There are also non air conditioned intra-provincial buses.
• Public transit: songthaews are the most popular mode of public transportation in Phang Nga.
• Motorbike-taxi: These are found mainly in Phang Nga town and are used mainly for very short distances. Charges correspond to distance traveled.
• Airport: There is no airport in Phang Nga province. The nearest airport is Phuket International Airport.

Human achievement index 2017

Health	Education	Employment	Income
9	51	76	20
Housing	Family	Transport	Participation
70	34	18	26
Province Phang Nga, with an HAI 2017 value of 0.5649 is "somewhat low", occupies place 59 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[4]

Rank	Classification
1 - 15	"high"
16 - 30	"somewhat high"
31 - 45	"average"
45 - 60	"somewhat low"
61 - 77	"low"

Map with provinces and HAI 2017 rankings

National parks

• Ao Phang Nga (Phang Nga Bay) National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติอ่าวพังงา) was declared a national park in 1981. It has scenic views and features mass limestone formations scattered around in the sea near the shore. The same factors contribute to the density of caves in the area. The park is fertile with mangroves and there are a number of islands in the vicinity.

• Mu Ko Surin National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติหมู่เกาะสุรินทร์) is an archipelago of five islands: Ko Surin Nuea, Ko Surin Tai, Ko Ri, Ko Khai, and Ko Klang. It was declared a national park on 9 July 1981.[11] The archipelago is in the Andaman Sea, near the Thai-Burmese oceanic border.

• Khao Lak–Lam Ru National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาหลัก-ลำรู่) was declared a national park in August 1991. The park occupies an area of 150 square kilometers (58 sq mi) and covers Thai Mueang District, Kapong District, Takua Pa District, and Mueang District. The interesting attractions are: Khao Lak (เขาหลัก), which has the Chao Pho Khao Lak Shrine, Laem Pakarang (แหลมปะการัง) which has groves of pine, making it good for camping and relaxation, and Namtok Ton Chong Fa (น้ำตกโตนช่องฟ้า) or Ton Chong Fa Waterfall.[12]
• Khao Lampi–Hat Thai Mueang National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาลำปี-หาดท้ายเหมือง) The park occupies an area of 18,000 acres (7,300 ha). It was declared a national park on 14 April 1988. Interesting attractions in the park include: Namtok Lampi (น้ำตกลำปี) is a 6-tiered waterfall that runs all year round; Namtok Ton Phrai (น้ำตกโตนไพร), a huge waterfall that runs all year round; and Hat Thai Mueang (หาดท้ายเหมือง), a long beach where the Sea Turtle Festival is held annually.[13]
• Mu Ko Similan National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติหมู่เกาะสิมิลัน) was declared a national park in 1982.[14] Similan is a group of nine islands. Off-season is 16 May–31 October.[15]

Gallery

• 
  Dusty road around Phang Nga town
• 
  Northern entrance to Phang Nga Bay
• 
  Mu Ko Similan National Park
• 
  Limestone islets in Phangnga Bay
• 
  Limestone islets in Phangnga Bay, Ao Phangnga National Park
• 
  Emerald lagoon in Phang Nga Bay
• 
  Cardisoma carnifex at Similan Islands
• 
  Dolphins at Surin Island
• 
  Khao Lampi–Hat Thai Mueang National Park
• 
  View from Similan Island to Andaman Sea
• 
  Mai-Ngam beach, Surin Islands National Park
• 
  Khao Lak–Lam Ru National Park

References

External links

• Phang Nga travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Provincial website

На других языках

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[de] Phang-nga (Provinz)

Phang-nga (Thai: พังงา, .mw-parser-output .IPA a{text-decoration:none}[pʰaŋ ŋaː]) ist eine Provinz (Changwat) an der Andamanenseeküste in der Südregion von Thailand. Die Hauptstadt der Provinz Phang-nga heißt ebenfalls Phang-nga.

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- [en] Phang Nga province

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[ru] Пхангнга (провинция)

Пхангнга (тайск. พังงา) – провинция на юге Таиланда, расположена на побережье Андаманского моря. Граничит с провинциями: Ранонг, Сураттани и Краби; южнее, через узкий пролив, расположена провинция-остров Пхукет.

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