Jessore District (Bengali: যশোর, pronounced Jaw-shore, Anglicised: Jessore), officially spelled Jashore District from April 2018,[2][3][4] is a district in the southwestern region of Bangladesh. It is bordered by India to the west, Khulna District and Satkhira District to the south, Khulna and Narail to the east, and Jhenaidah District and Magura District to the north. Jessore is the capital of the district.
District in Khulna Division, Bangladesh যশোর বাংলাদেশ
District of Bangladesh in Khulna Division
Jessore District
যশোর জেলা
District of Bangladesh
Jashore District
Clockwise from top-left: Noapara Bazar, Sheikhpur Jami Masjid, Jessore Polytechnic Institute, River in Keshabpur, Residence of Michael Madhusudan Dutt
The district produces a variety of crops year-round. Date sugar, called patali, is made from the sap of locally grown date trees. It is cooked, thickened and crystallised using a traditional method. Patali is mainly produced in Khajura, but many date trees are cultivated in the Keshabpur Upazila and Manirampur Upazila areas.
History
Jessore district once belonged to the ancient Janapada of Vanga (বঙ্গ) Janapada. In the 15th century, Jessore was a part of the kingdom of Pratapaditya. It was then conquered by the Mughals.
British administration was finally established in Jessore district in 1781 when the governor-general ordered the opening of a court at Murali near Jessore.[5] In 1947, Jessore was divided between India and (then) Pakistan. Except for the Bangaon and Gaighata thanas, the district became part of East Pakistan.[6]
The Bengali soldiers stationed at Jessore cantonment mutinied against the Pakistan Army on 29 March 1971. They were led by Captain Hafiz Uddin and Lieutenant Anwar in an uprising where 300 soldiers were killed. The rebels killed 50 Pakistani soldiers with machine gun fire at Chanchara.
On 6 December 1971, Jessore became the first district of Bengal to be liberated from Pakistani forces. And Jessore is the first digital district in Bangladesh.
Geography
Jessore District encompasses 2606.98km2. It is bounded by Jhenaidaha and Magura districts at the north, Satkhira and Khulna districts at the south, Narail and Khulna districts at the east, and North 24 Parganas and Nadia districts of West Bengal of India at the west. Major rivers that flow through this region are the Bhairab, Teka, Hari, Sree, Aparbhadra, Harihar, Buribhadra, Chitra, Betna, Kopotakkho, and the Mukteshwari.[7][8]
Climate
Annual average temperature range from 15.4 to 34.6°C (59.7 to 94.3°F). The annual rainfall is 1,537 millimetres (60.5in).
According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Jessore District had a population of 2,764,547, of which 1,386,293 were males and 1,378,254 females. Rural population was 2,250,995 (81.42%) and urban population was 513,552 (18.58%). Jessore had a literacy rate of 56.52% for the population 7 years and above: 59.38% for males and 53.65% for females.[9]
The main occupations are agriculture 39.84%, agricultural labourer 24.13%, wage labourer 2.68%, commerce 11.99%, service 8.66%, industry 1.41%, transport 3.11% and others 8.18%.
Jessore District's administrative framework was established in 1781. It consists of the following eight Upazilas
The upazilas are further divided into 9 municipalities, 36 wards, 92 unions, 1329 mouzas, 1434 villages and 120 mahallas.
Economy
Benapol Land Port
The main factor of the economics of Jessore is Benapol Land Port which is situated in Sharsha Upazila. Much of the import and export trading between Bangladesh and India is done through this port. On the other side of the border is Petrapole. The port is important for making govt. import taxes.
Arts and culture
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Points of interest
Sagardari is the birthplace of the poet Michael Madhusudan Dutta. His large villa consists of a huge garden, a small museum and houses. The front gate has a solid sculpture work. The Kobodak River is at a stone's throw away.
Bharat Bhaina (locally called Bharter Dewl) is the relics of ancient Buddhist Temple of the 6th century at Keshabpur
Mirzanagar Hammamkhana is a structure of Mughal's at Keshabpur
Dhalijhara Buddha Bihar is one of the outstretched and unique Buddhist Temple of the 8th century among the South -Asia at Keshabpur
Birthplace and residence of Dhiraj Bhattacharya who was a film actor of undivided India and litterateur mostly known for his two autobiographies:Jakhan Police Chhilam and Jakhan Nayak Chhilam. He is also popular for Mathin's Well at Teknaf where a tribal girl, Mathin suicide herself for him after his return to Kolkata at Keshabpur
Sheikhpura 3 Domed Mosque where poet Michael Madhusudan Dutta learned Persian language at Keshabpur
The Capital City of flower in Bangladesh, Godkhali Jhikargachha Upazila...
Katakhal Bangabandhu Park Jhikargachha Upazila...
At Abhaynagar Upazila, there is a small village called Dhoolgraam. It once had a magnificent complex of 17 Hindu temples, but only one remains today. Most of the temples were destroyed by the Bhairab River. A beautiful terracotta design can be seen all over the temple. It is considered a very holy place by Bengali Hindus.
The main gate of the house of Michael Madhusudan Dutta at Sagardari village in Jessore. This house is currently being used as a museum.
In Vaatnogor at Abhaynagar Upazila, ruins of eleven temple complex, dedicated to Shiva, remains. Though the central temple is partially destroyed, the site still shows the majesty of Bengal's glorious past.
A terracotta plaque bearing the image of Mallinath, a female tirthankar (saint) of the Jain religion, was found at the Mound of Dam Dam Peer in Manirampur Upazila.[11]Mound of Dam Dam Peer in Manirampur Upazila. It is believed to be the most ancient relic discovered from this part of the world.[12] The Department at Khulna said that the plaque is at least 1800 years old. It is currently kept at the Khulna Museum.[13][14]
Besides, "Neelkuthi" at village Joypur & "Kachari Ghar" are important archaeological sites in Manirampur
Imam Bara, at Murolir Mor beside the Dhaka-Khulna Highway, is a historical building constructed by Hazi Muhammad Mohsin.
The Jessore Collectorate Building, in Doratana, is one of the oldest buildings in Jessore.
Near Jessore Sadar Upazila village Hamidpur has an ancient mosque, known as "Shani mosque." It is an example of the high architecture of Muslim Sultani period.
Godkhali kalibari
Panchpukur Baganchara
Binodia Park
Jessore Boat-club
Jess-garden Park
Rajgonj Baor
Vobodaho Bil
Gazir Dorgah
The Front View of Jashore AirportJessore Airport, Jessore Cantonment and Air Force Base Matiur Rahman.
Grave of Birshrestho Lance Nayek Noor Muhammad Sheikh
Khatura Baor
Moktarpur Lalu Babu Jamidar Bari
Solo Khada Jamidar Bari, House and birthplace of Ratna Gorva awarded by British Govt. and her son former Health minister of India Dr. Nil Ratan Dhor and his brother Jebon Ratan Dhor
Transport
Jessore has well connected road, rail and air transport links to other major cities and water transport links to Khulna and Mongla of Bangladesh. It boasts one of the first rail networks established in the Indian subcontinent.
Road
Jessore is located 270 km south west from Dhaka capital of Bangladesh by road and 60 km north from Khulna . It is also connected with the Indian city of Kolkata which is 120 km west through Benapole land port via AH1. The road from Jessore to Kolkata is a part of the historic Jessore Road.
Railway
Jessore Junction railway station is a major junction on the broad gauge-based network of the Western Railway. The network has links extended into Indian territory. Service linking the capital Dhaka and Kolkata April 2008. As well as in 2019 Both India And Bangladesh government agreed to 4 minute stop in Jessore Junction railway station through Bandhan Express which connect Khulna to Kolkata.
Air
Jashore Airport
The Jessore Airport, near the city, is an airfield for the Bangladesh Air Force. One of the oldest airfield in Bangladesh and the subcontinent. Alongside military service, its runway caters to seven commercial flights daily which includes US Bangla, Novo and Biman Bangladesh Airlines, for domestic flights.
Education
Universities
Jashore University of Science and Technology
Medical colleges
Jessore Medical College
Army Medical College, Jessore
Polytechnic institutes
Jashore Polytechnic Institute
Muslim Aid Institute of Technology
BCMC College of Engineering & Technology– the largest private polytechnic college In Bangladesh
Bangladesh Technical College
Model Polytechnic Institute
City Polytechnic Institute
Kapotakkho Polytechnic College
Manirampur Polytechnic Institute
Schools and colleges
Michael Madhusudan College
Dr. Abdur Razzak Municipal College
Jessore Cantonment College
Jessore Shilkha Board Model School and College
Talbaria Degree College, Sadar, Jessore
Jessore Government Technical School and College
Govt. M M College, Jessore
Singia Adarsha College; Basundia, Jessore
Noapara Model College
BAF Shaheen college
Dawood Public School, Jessore
Sarsha Upazilla College, Sarsha, Jessore
Sarsha pilot govt. secondary school, Sarsha, Jessore
Jessore Technical School & College (JTSC), Jessore
S. M. Imdadul Hoque – Bangladesh Army officer who fought and died in the Bangladesh Liberation war. He was posthumously awarded Bir Uttom, the second-highest military honor in Bangladesh
Kazi Kamrul Hassan – Bangladesh Navy commodore and MD of Khulna Shipyard
Champa – Actress, model
Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay – Bengali scientist, social worker and freedom fighter
Sanatana Goswami – Sage and a prominent writer from Middle Ages
Rupa Goswami – Bengali poet, philosopher and writer in Vaishnab tradition from Middle Ages
Latifur Rahman – 10th Chief Justice of Bangladesh and the 2nd Chief Adviser of Bangladesh
Mahibullah Siddiqui (2012). "Jessore District". In Arif Hossain and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Seconded.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
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