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Edina (/iːˈdaɪnə/ (listen) ee-DY-nə) is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States and a first-ring suburb of Minneapolis. Edina began as a small farming and milling community along Minnehaha Creek in the 1860s and became one of Minneapolis's first incorporated suburbs in 1888. The population was 53,494 at the 2020 census,[3] making it the 18th most populous city in Minnesota.

Edina
City
50th & France
Seal
Motto(s): 
"For Living, Learning, Raising Families & Doing Business"
Location of Edina
within Hennepin County, Minnesota
Coordinates: 44°53′44″N 93°21′17″W
CountryUnited States
StateMinnesota
CountyHennepin
Founded1860s
Incorporated1888
Government
 • MayorJames B. Hovland (DFL)[1]
Area
[2]
 • City15.96 sq mi (41.34 km2)
 • Land15.46 sq mi (40.03 km2)
 • Water0.51 sq mi (1.31 km2)  3.26%
Elevation
922 ft (281 m)
Population
 (2020)[3]
 • City53,494
 • Estimate 
(2021)[4]
53,318
 • RankUS: 747th
MN: 18th
 • Density3,461.05/sq mi (1,336.31/km2)
 • Metro
3,690,512 (US: 16th)
Demonym(s)Edinans (official)[5]
Cake Eaters (nickname)[6]
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
ZIP codes
55410, 55416, 55424, 55435, 55436, 55439, 55343
Area code952
FIPS code27-18188
GNIS feature ID0643177[7]
Websiteedinamn.gov

After years of being a streetcar suburb, Edina grew into a prototypical post-war suburb in the 1950s. The city was largely built to be car-centric and plays host to the nation's oldest indoor mall, the Southdale Center.[8][9] The object of white flight from Minneapolis, Edina embraced sundown laws and racial covenants to keep the community white.[10]

Major corporations, such as Dairy Queen, Great Clips, Edina Realty, and Caribou Coffee, have headquarters in Edina, and the city today is known for its shopping, parks, and high quality of life.[11]


History


Minnehaha Grange Hall
Minnehaha Grange Hall
Ruins of Edina Mill next to Minnehaha Creek
Ruins of Edina Mill next to Minnehaha Creek
Edina Cinema, a theater in downtown Edina that opened in 1934, but closed in 2020[12]
Edina Cinema, a theater in downtown Edina that opened in 1934, but closed in 2020[12]

Settlement


Edina began as part of Richfield Township, Minnesota. By the 1870s, 17 families, most of them immigrating as a result of the Great Famine of Ireland, had come to Minnesota and claimed land in the southwest section of what was then Richfield Township.[13] They were followed by settlers from New England and Germany, who claimed additional land near Minnehaha Creek.[14] The Baird and Grimes neighborhoods (which are both listed on the National Register of Historic Places) and the Country Club District (then known as Waterville Mills) in the northeast part of Edina were among the first areas to be established. The area then known as the Cahill Settlement, at West 70th Street and Cahill Road, was also an early community center and the home of Cahill School.[15]

In 1888, the residents of the township held a meeting to consider founding a new village, thus separating themselves from Richfield Township. The idea was favorably accepted by those within the community and a committee was established to oversee the transition.[16]


Naming


After the decision was made to form a new village, a debate ensued regarding the naming of the new village. Several town meetings were held in the Minnehaha Grange Hall, during which the names Hennepin Park, Westfield and Edina were suggested. Minutes taken by Henry F. Brown, a farmer and future owner (1889) of the Edina Mill, are summarized as follows:

A long debate ensued with regard to the name by which the corporation shall be called. A motion was made and passed to reconsider the vote taken at the previous meeting of the name of the proposed village, Westfield. Another motion was then made by Andrew Craik to call the proposed village Edina (upon moving to the township in 1869 from Edinburgh, he bought and renamed the mill to the Edina Mill). Before the motion could be decided, James A. Bull, a member of the five person committee, made another motion to adjourn, which was seconded by the majority. However, the chairman of the meeting called this motion out of order, at which time disorder ensued with Baird, Wilson, Ryan and Bull declaring their intent to no longer serve as members of the committee if a gag law was to prevail. During this heated moment the meeting became somewhat boisterous until, after a few minutes order was restored. Seeing that no more work could be done at this time, a final motion was made and passed to reschedule the meeting to a future date.[17]

At the next meeting, the name Edina was finally chosen with a vote of 47 for and 42 against.[16]

There has been a prevailing myth about the decision to name the new village Edina, which states that two opposing communities—the Irish Cahill community and the Scottish Mill community—fought about whether to give the community an Irish name (Killarney Lakes) or a Scottish name (Edina). The 1860 census, however, indicates that there were no Scottish people in Edina in 1860, and only a couple were present at the time of Edina's founding (1888).[14]


Morningside


Main article: Morningside, Minnesota

The first suburban development in Edina occurred during the early 1900s in Morningside, a neighborhood in the northeastern part of the village. As Morningside grew, conflict arose between its residents who wanted more city services, and the residents of the rest of the village who wanted to maintain Edina's rural character. As a result of that conflict, Morningside seceded from Edina in 1920 and became a separate village.[18] In 1966, however, the Village of Morningside once again became part of Edina.[19]


Early settlement


Edina was not the first settlement in its location. According to historian Deborah Morse-Kahn, the Quaker village that existed where Edina would be built included African American families of Civil War veterans and freed slaves "became very involved in community life—especially as farmland owners, civic and cultural leaders."[20] At the November 1898 general election, J. Frank Wheaton, a Republican African American, was elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives representing District 42, which included all of Edina. Wheaton beat his white Democratic opponent in every Minneapolis city ward and in every village within the legislative district, including Edina, even though the legislative district had only approximately 100 African American residents out of a total of 40,000 residents.[21]


Early development


In the early 20th century suburban development brought discriminatory policies that led to nearly all of the African Americans who had been living in Edina to move away.

Historian James W. Loewen described the suburb as a sundown town.[22][23][10] Researchers point in particular to Samuel Thorpe's development of the Country Club Historic District, which used deed restrictions as means to exclude non-whites, stating explicitly that:

No lot shall ever be sold, conveyed, leased, or rented to any person other than one of the white or Caucasian race, nor shall any lot ever be used or occupied by any person other than one of the white or Caucasian race, except such as may be serving as domestics for the owner or tenant of said lot, while said owner or tenant is residing thereon.[20][10][24][25][26]

— James W. Loewen, Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism

Other developments, like that built by N. P. Dodge Corporation just a mile away, followed suit in attempting to protect land values through racial policies.[27] Though the Supreme Court ruled these kinds of discriminatory housing clauses unenforceable in its Shelley v. Kraemer decision of 1948, reports of discrimination persisted through the 1950s and 1960s.[20][28] According to the Edina Historical Society's story about the first black family in Morningside (then a separate village) in 1960, attempts to keep them out included tactics like trying "to get [their] lot condemned for drainage."[28] In response, then-mayor Ken Joyce wrote a note dismissing the drainage concern and challenging citizens "to live the Golden Rule". Shortly thereafter the village voted in favor of inclusion.[28]

Jewish residents were also affected by exclusionary deed covenants. In the 1960s, some residents boasted that Edina had "Not one Negro and not one Jew."[29]


Geography


According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.97 square miles (41.36 km2), of which 15.45 square miles (40.02 km2) is land and 0.52 square miles (1.35 km2) is water.[30] Residential areas comprise the largest portion of the City, which is now more than 95 percent developed.

Within Edina are many different neighborhoods; Highlands, Indian Hills, Morningside, Country Club District, Cahill Village, Chapel Hill, South Harriet Park, Interlachen, Rolling Green, Presidents, Sunnyslope, White Oaks, Parkwood Knolls, Braemar Hills, Birchcrest, Dewey Hill and Hilldale.[31]


Demographics


Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1890531—
190074941.1%
19101,10147.0%
19201,83366.5%
19303,13871.2%
19405,85586.6%
19509,74466.4%
196030,482212.8%
197044,03144.4%
198046,0734.6%
199046,0750.0%
200047,4252.9%
201047,9411.1%
202053,49411.6%
2021 (est.)53,318[4]−0.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[32]
2020 Census[3]

As of the census of 2010, there were 47,941 people, 20,672 households, and 12,918 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,103.0 inhabitants per square mile (1,198.1/km2). There were 22,560 housing units at an average density of 1,460.2 per square mile (563.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 88.1% White, 3.0% African American, 0.2% Native American, 6.1% Asian, 0.7% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.3% of the population.[33]

There were 20,672 households, of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.7% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.5% were non-families. 33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.98.

The median age in the city was 45.2 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21% were from 25 to 44; 29.6% were from 45 to 64; and 20.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.6% male and 53.4% female.

According to 2012–2016 estimates, the median household income was $91,847 and per capita income was $65,245. The median value of owner-occupied housing units was $424,500.


Religion



Economy


Southdale Center
Southdale Center

Edina serves as headquarters for several large companies: UnitedHealthcare, Jerry's Foods, Lund Food Holdings, Edina Realty, Regis Corporation,[39] Dairy Queen,[40] and Orange Julius.[41]

The town's most notable shopping centers are Southdale Center,[42] Galleria Edina, and 50th & France, which is shared with Minneapolis.

According to the city's Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015, the top ten largest employers in the city are: Fairview Southdale Hospital, Edina Public Schools, the City of Edina, BI Worldwide, Regis, Barr Engineering, Lund Food Holdings, International Dairy Queen Inc., SunOpta, Edina Realty, and FilmTec Corporation, respectively.[43]


Sports


Due in part to its strong boys and girls ice hockey programs, Edina was named by ESPN in 2020 as the "center of the center" of the American ice hockey universe.[44] Since 2016, Edina's Braemar Ice Rink has hosted Da Beauty League, a 4-on-4 ice hockey league with rosters made up of current NHL, AHL, ECHL, and college hockey players wishing to maintain their offseason playing shape.[45]

In December 1979, the first bandy game in the USA was played at Lewis Park Bandy Rink in Edina. It was a friendly game between the Swedish junior national team and Swedish club team Brobergs IF.[46]


Parks and recreation


Overlooking the 12th hole on Braemar Golf Course
Overlooking the 12th hole on Braemar Golf Course

Parks


Edina's parkland and open space total more than 1,550 acres (6.3 km2). The Edina Park and Recreation Department oversees 44 parks, which include amenities such as baseball, football and soccer fields; softball diamonds; basketball and tennis courts; outdoor skating rinks; playground equipment for young children; and picnic shelters. The Department also maintains eight miles (13 km) of scenic pathways for bicycling, walking, jogging, cross-country skiing and snowshoeing.[47]

Besides overseeing the parks, the Edina Park & Recreation Department is also responsible for the operation of 10 arts, community, and recreation facilities within the city including Braemar Golf Course, Braemar Ice Rink, Centennial Lakes Park, and Edinborough Park.

Three Rivers Park District, Hennepin County's regional park board, operates the Nine Mile Creek Regional Trail through Edina.[48]


Waterways


Two prominent Twin Cities waterways, Minnehaha Creek and Nine Mile Creek, make their way through Edina on their ways to the Mississippi and Minnesota Rivers respectively. Both are sites for major regional parks and trails.


Country clubs


There are two country clubs located in Edina, the Edina Country Club and the Interlachen Country Club.


Education



Public schools


Main article: Edina Public Schools

Edina Public Schools is the public school district (ISD 273) that serves Edina. It enrolls approximately 8,500 K–12 students[49] and is served by 1,139 teachers and support staff.[50]

Edina has one high school, Edina High School. The area is served by two middle schools: (South View Middle School and Valley View Middle School) and six elementary schools (Concord, Creek Valley, Cornelia, Highlands, Countryside, and Normandale).


Private schools


There are three private schools in Edina: Our Lady of Grace Catholic School, Golden Years Montessori, and Avail Academy-Edina Campus.


Colleges


The Minnesota State University, Mankato satellite campus.


Infrastructure



Transportation


Many major highways run through or are close to Edina, making it readily accessible to those within the metropolitan area. Minnesota State Highways 62 and 100 divide the City into four sections. U.S. Route 169 and Minnesota State Highway 100 extend north and south. Interstate 494 and Minnesota State Highway 62 extend east and west.[51]


Transit

Before streetcar service was abandoned in 1954, the Twin City Rapid Transit Company's Lake Minnetonka Line went through Edina paralleling 44th Street on dedicated right-of-way. After streetcar service was abandoned, the right-of-way was developed as single family housing. [citation needed]


Bus service

Metro Transit, the Twin Cities regional transit authority, operates daytime buses in Edina, primarily along France Avenue and through business parks along Interstate 494.[52] Edina's Southdale Transit Center is one of the southwest Twin Cities primary transit hubs.

The E Line, an arterial BRT route, is currently planned to travel from the University of Minnesota through Downtown Minneapolis and Uptown to the Southdale Transit Center in Edina. It is expected to be operational by 2026.[53]


Commuter rail

The Dan Patch Line and successor Minneapolis, Northfield and Southern Railway operated interurban service through Edina until 1942. Although in poor condition and rated for speeds less than 35 mph, the tracks are still used by freight trains. Under the Dan Patch Corridor proposal, commuter trains would operate between Minneapolis and Northfield with a station in Edina. A feasibility study was conducted in 2000 and found that ridership would be high but there would be a significant cost to upgrade the corridor for commuter trains. Due to this and strong opposition from residents living near the rail line, the proposal was put on hold until other commuter rail lines could be built. In 2002 a legislative gag order was placed on the project, which forbid the Metropolitan Council, MnDOT, and county rail authorities from discussing, studying, and building commuter rail on the Dan Patch Line.[54] In 2017 the Edina City Council conducted a study on the pros and cons of passenger rail on the Dan Patch Line. The conclusion was to not pursue passenger rail at that time (as of 2018).


Notable people


The following is a list of notable people who were either born in, lived in, are current residents of, or are otherwise closely associated with the city of Edina:



Edina city hall and police department, rebuilt in 2004
Edina city hall and police department, rebuilt in 2004

References


  1. "Edina Mayor Hovland to run for Congress". Star Tribune. January 7, 2008. Retrieved August 18, 2016.
  2. "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
  3. "Explore Census Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2022.
  4. "City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2021". United States Census Bureau. August 7, 2022. Retrieved August 7, 2022.
  5. "Edition: Edina". EdinaMN.gov. May 2021. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
  6. "Why does everyone hate Edina?". StarTribune. August 2, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
  7. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  8. Hardwick, M. Jeffrey (2015). Mall Maker: Victor Gruen, Architect of an American Dream. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 144. ISBN 9780812292992. Retrieved July 14, 2020.
  9. Montrie, Chad (March 2019). ""A Bigoted, Prejudiced, Hateful Little Area": The Making of an All-White Suburb in the Deep North". Journal of Urban History. 45 (2): 300–320. doi:10.1177/0096144217702644. ISSN 0096-1442. S2CID 151933388.
  10. James W. Loewen (2005). Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism. New Press. ISBN 978-1-56584-887-0.
  11. "About Edina, MN". www.edinamn.gov. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
  12. Edina Cinema. cinematreasures.org. Retrieved October 9, 2017.
  13. Morse-Kahn, Deborah (1998). Edina : Chapters in the City History. Edina, Minn.: City of Edina. pp. 16–17. ISBN 0-9605054-1-5.
  14. Hesterman, Paul D. (1988). The History of Edina, Minnesota : From Settlement to Suburb. Edina, MN: Burgess Pub. pp. 4–5. ISBN 0-8087-9058-7.
  15. Scott, William W.; Hess, Jeffrey A. (1981). History and Architecture of Edina, Minnesota. Edina, Minn.: City of Edina. pp. 5–6. ISBN 0-9605054-0-7.
  16. "Edina's Name". The City of Edina. Retrieved March 2, 2015.
  17. From Settlement to Suburb: The History of Edina, Minnesota by Paul Hesterman, Published by the Edina Historical Society, 1988
  18. Hesterman, Paul D. (1988). The history of Edina, Minnesota : from settlement to suburb. Edina, MN: Burgess Pub. pp. 48–50. ISBN 0-8087-9058-7.
  19. Hesterman, Paul D. (1988). The history of Edina, Minnesota : from settlement to suburb. Edina, MN: Burgess Pub. p. 97. ISBN 0-8087-9058-7.
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  35. Cathy Wurzer, "Presbyterian pastor explains church's decisions on gay clergy", Minnesota Public Radio, July 9, 2010.
  36. John Crosby, "Letter to congregation", July 12, 2018
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  38. Rose French, "Edina pastor leads Presbyterian splinter group", The Star Tribune, January 24, 2012.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Edina, Minnesota.

На других языках

[de] Edina (Minnesota)

Edina ist eine Stadt im Hennepin County im US-Bundesstaat Minnesota. Sie liegt unmittelbar südwestlich von Minneapolis in der Metropolregion der Twin Cities und hat rund 47.000 Einwohner.
- [en] Edina, Minnesota

[ru] Идайна (Миннесота)

Идайна (англ. Edina) — город в округе Хеннепин, штат Миннесота, США. На площади 41,5 км² (40,8 км² — суша, 0,8 км² — вода), согласно переписи 2000 года, проживают 47 425 человек. Плотность населения составляет 1162,6 чел./км².


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