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Avolsheim (French pronunciation: [avɔlsaim][3]) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region of north-eastern France.

Avolsheim
Commune
Avolsheim in winter
Location of Avolsheim
Avolsheim
Avolsheim
Coordinates: 48°33′44″N 7°30′07″E
CountryFrance
RegionGrand Est
DepartmentBas-Rhin
ArrondissementMolsheim
CantonMolsheim
IntercommunalityCC Région Molsheim-Mutzig
Government
  Mayor (20202026) Pascal Géhin[1]
Area
1
1.83 km2 (0.71 sq mi)
Population
 (Jan. 2019)[2]
763
  Density420/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
  Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
67016 /67120
Elevation164–362 m (538–1,188 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Avolsheimois or Avolsheimoises.[4]

The commune has been awarded one flower by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.[5]


Geography


Avolsheim is located some 22 km west by south-west of Strasbourg and 18 km north of Obernai. Access to the commune is by the D422 from Odratzheim in the north which passes through the centre of the commune and the town and continues south to Molsheim. The D127 goes east from the town to Dachstein. Apart from the significant sized urban area the commune is mixed forest and farmland.[6]

The Bruche river flows north through the east of the commune and abruptly turns right near the northern border of the commune before continuing east to join a branch of the Rhine at Strasbourg. The Mossig river flows from the north-west forming the northern border of the commune before joining the Bruche.


Neighbouring communes and villages



Toponymy


The first written record of the name of a village in the current commune dates from the year 788 and is called Hunzolfesheim. It was found in 1051 spelled Avelsheim then Afelsheim in 1350 with a dialectal form Âfelse. In 1496 it was written Afeltzheim and in 1589 Avelssheim again but with two "s". Since then, the village has had its present name and its spelling has not changed.

The prefix offe (offen in German = "open") was the origin of the name Avolsheim and therefore means "Open Town". It is possible that this name was given to the village since it was devoid of walls, which in the Middle Ages was relatively rare.

There is an old local saying in dialect: Es steht offe wie Âfelse ("It is as open as Avolsheim") suggesting that at one time the steeple at Avolsheim, which remained so long in ruins so was "open to the sky", that this could have been the origin of its name. This argument, with the previous one, are confirmed by the popular phrase, Fescht wie Landau un Offe wie Âfelse meaning "A Fort (or fortified) like Landau or open like Avolsheim".


History


Milestone limiting the ban of Avolsheim
Milestone limiting the ban of Avolsheim

Until the Revolution


Avolsheim is located on the Gallo-Roman road linking Molsheim to Saverne. Many objects dating from this period were excavated in 1930.

In the 10th century the area had two distinct hamlets: Avelsheim one hand, corresponding roughly to the current village, and Tumpfieter, Dompieter, or Domphietenheim, a village consisting of a group of a few farms and a mill located at a church called the Dompeter.

The last mention of this hamlet was in the 16th century. It probably died as a village by the end of the same century. For some historians doubt remains: it may have disappeared in the 17th century, its destruction following the Siege of Dachstein by the armies of Turenne.

According to the papal bull of Leo IX in 1051 Avolsheim, including the Mont Sainte-Odile Abbey, was part of the possessions of the bishopric of Strasbourg.

Avolsheim was put in vassalage to the Counts of Ostoffen, then to von Murnhart in 1384, and finally remained with von Beger until 1521. From 1534 until the Revolution, the area was a fief of the dignitaries of the diocese.


Since the French Revolution


The village has been linked to the sub-prefecture of Molsheim since the Revolution.

Avolsheim was once on the Sélestat to Saverne railway line before the section from Molsheim to Saverne was removed in 1967 and replaced with a bicycle path.


Heraldry


Arms of Avolsheim
Arms of Avolsheim
Blazon:

Azure, a wheel Or of eight spokes, crowned the same, the hub and spokes in chief disappeared.




Administration


List of Successive Mayors[7]

FromToName
20012008Gilbert Vetter
20082014Gérard Gendre
20142020Françoise Hauss
20202026Pascal Géhin

Demography


In 2017 the commune had 713 inhabitants.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 416    
1800 412−0.14%
1806 486+2.79%
1821 533+0.62%
1831 609+1.34%
1836 700+2.82%
1841 661−1.14%
1846 803+3.97%
1851 695−2.85%
1856 688−0.20%
1861 696+0.23%
1866 742+1.29%
1871 679−1.76%
1875 650−1.09%
1880 632−0.56%
1885 668+1.11%
1890 668+0.00%
1895 610−1.80%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1900 569−1.38%
1905 562−0.25%
1910 561−0.04%
1921 522−0.65%
1926 542+0.75%
1931 519−0.86%
1936 502−0.66%
1946 474−0.57%
1954 441−0.90%
1962 478+1.01%
1968 487+0.31%
1975 513+0.75%
1982 513+0.00%
1990 567+1.26%
1999 657+1.65%
2007 763+1.89%
2012 726−0.99%
2017 713−0.36%
Source: EHESS[8] and INSEE[9]

Culture and heritage


The Dam on the Bruche
The Dam on the Bruche

Civil heritage


The commune has many buildings that are registered as historical monuments:

Other sites of interest

The Avolsheim Dam was built in 1682 on the Bruche Canal that was built by Vauban. This canal was used to transport blocks of sandstone to Strasbourg from quarries at Soultz-les-Bains and Wolxheim which were necessary for the construction of the Citadel of Strasbourg. This dam enabled the keeping of the water level high enough to supply the canal located a little further down.


Religious heritage


The Chapel of Saint-Ullrich
The Chapel of Saint-Ullrich

The commune has two religious buildings that are registered as historical monuments:

The Church of Saint-Materne
The Church of Saint-Materne
Other religious buildings
The Church of Dompeter
The Church of Dompeter

See also



Bibliography



References


  1. "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. "Populations légales 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
  3. "Localisation et prononciation des noms de lieux d'Alsace commençant par A". elsasser.free.fr. Retrieved 2021-01-01.
  4. Inhabitants of Bas-Rhin (in French)
  5. Avolsheim in the Competition for Towns and Villages in Bloom Archived December 10, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in French)
  6. Google Maps
  7. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  8. Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Avolsheim, EHESS. (in French)
  9. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  10. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006088 Vineyard Farmhouse at 3 Rue de la Boucherie (in French)
  11. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006089 Vineyard Farmhouse at 4 Rue de Dompeter (in French)
  12. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006085 Audéoud House or Maison des Soeurs at 1 place de l'Ecole (in French)
  13. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006086 Stonemason's House at 2 place de l'Ecole (in French)
  14. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006090 Vineyard Farmhouse at 4 Place de l'Eglise (in French)
  15. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006083 Guardhouse at 16 Rue de la Paix (in French)
  16. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006091 Vineyard Farmhouse at 2 Rue de la Paix (in French)
  17. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006092 Boatman's House at 5 Rue de la Paix (in French)
  18. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006084 Former Presbytery now Town Hall at 8 Rue de la Paix (in French)
  19. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006093 Fisherman's House at 9 Rue de la Paix (in French)
  20. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006087 Stonemason's House at 2 bis Rue Saint-Ullrich (in French)
  21. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006094 Farmhouse at 5 Route du Vin (in French)
  22. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006080 Houses and Farms (in French)
  23. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006082 Chapel of Saint Ullrich (in French)
  24. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00084593 Chapel of Saint Ullrich (in French)
  25. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009642 Monumental Painting (in French)
  26. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009641 Altar (in French)
  27. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA67006081 Parish Church of Saint-Materne (in French)
  28. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000019 Statue: Virgin and child (in French)
  29. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000018 Statue: Virgin and child (in French)
  30. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000016 Processional Cross (in French)
  31. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009640 Bronze Bell (in French)
  32. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009639 2 Bronze Bells (in French)
  33. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009638 Organ (in French)
  34. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009637 Processional Cross (2) (in French)
  35. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009636 Processional Cross (1) (in French)
  36. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009649 Wayside Cross: Mount Calvary: Flagellation of Christ at Chemin Werwelweg (in French)
  37. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009648 Wayside Cross: Climbing Mount Calvary at C.D. 121 (in French)
  38. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009647 Wayside Cross N called Bildstock (in French)
  39. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009646 Wayside Cross: Christ on the Cross at Route du Vin (in French)
  40. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009645 Wayside Cross F called Bildstock (in French)
  41. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009644 Relief: Bélier at 1 Place de l'Ecole (in French)
  42. Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM67009643 Wayside Cross: Christ on the Cross (H) at Route du Vin (in French)
  43. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM67000017 2 Statues: Saint Catherine and Saint Apolline (in French)



На других языках


[de] Avolsheim

Avolsheim (elsässisch: Àvelse) ist eine französische Gemeinde mit 763 Einwohnern (Stand 1. Januar 2019) im Département Bas-Rhin in der Region Grand Est (bis 2015 Elsass).
- [en] Avolsheim

[ru] Авольсайм

Авольса́йм (фр. Avolsheim) — коммуна на северо-востоке Франции в регионе Гранд-Эст[1] (бывший Эльзас — Шампань — Арденны — Лотарингия), департамент Нижний Рейн, округ Мольсем, кантон Мольсем[2].



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