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Andreapol (Russian: Андреа́поль) is a town and the administrative center of Andreapolsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Valdai Hills on the left bank in the upper course of the Western Dvina. Population: 8,286(2010 Census);[3] 9,317(2002 Census);[10] 9,610(1989 Census);[11] 12,000 (1968).

Andreapol
Андреаполь
Town[1]
Location of Andreapol
Andreapol
Location of Andreapol
Andreapol
Andreapol (Tver Oblast)
Coordinates: 56°39′N 32°15′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectTver Oblast[1]
Administrative districtAndreapolsky District[2]
Urban settlementAndreapol[2]
Founded1906
Town status since1967
Elevation
220 m (720 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)[3]
  Total8,286
  Estimate 
(2018)[4]
7,079 (−14.6%)
Administrative status
  Capital ofAndreapolsky District[5], Andreapol Urban Settlement[2]
Municipal status
  Municipal districtAndreapolsky Municipal District[6]
  Urban settlementAndreapol Urban Settlement[6]
  Capital ofAndreapolsky Municipal District[7], Andreapol Urban Settlement[6]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK [8])
Postal code(s)[9]
172800, 172801
OKTMO ID28602101001
Websitewww.andreapol.ru

History


The Dubna Volost, currently a part of Andreapol, was mentioned in the chronicles in 1489. After several wars between Moscow and Lithuania, during which the area was transferred to Lithuania and back, it was in 1508 again included to the Grand Duchy of Moscow.[12]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanlandia Governorate (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727 Novgorod Governorate split off. In 1772, as a result of the First Partition of Poland, Pskov Governorate was created, and the area on the right bank of the Western Dvina was included into Toropetsky Uyezd of Pskov Governorate. In 1777, Pskov Governorate was transformed into Pskov Viceroyalty, and in 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and Pskov Governorate was restored.[13]

Between 1810 and 1843, a spa resort was operating in Andreapol, at the time Adreyano Pole.[12] Between 1904 and 1907, the construction of the railroad to Bologoye was completed. In 1906, the station of Andreapol was opened, and the selo of Andreapol, which included villages of Dubna, Andreyano Pole, and Gorka, was established. The name of Andreapol is an adaptation of Andreyano Pole.[14]

On August 1, 1927 Pskov Governorate was abolished, and Leningrad Oblast was established. Toropetsky Uyezd was abolished as well, and Leninsky District, with the administrative center in the selo of Khotilitsy was established. It belonged to Velikiye Luki Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. In 1928, the district center was moved to Andreapol.[14] On June 17, 1929, the district was transferred to Western Oblast. On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Leninsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.[15][16] In 1938, Andreapol was granted urban-type settlement status. Between September 1941 and January 1942, during World War II, Andreapol was occupied by German troops.[14] On August 22, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Velikiye Luki Oblast. On October 2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished, and Leninsky District was transferred back to Kalinin Oblast. In February 1963, during the abortive administrative reform by Nikita Khrushchev, Leninsky District was merged into Toropetsky District. On January 12, 1965 Andreapolsky District was established in the areas which previously belonged to Toropetsky and Ostashkovsky Districts.[16] In 1967, Andreapol was granted town status.[14] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.[16]

On July 24, 2000, an F2 tornado hit the area, resulting in 3 injuries across a 600 meter wide and 26 km long path.[17] Andreapol would be hit again on August 2, 2021 by an F3 tornado. The tornado damaged around 1500 homes, uprooted trees, killed three, and injured ten.[18] The tornado traveled 7.5 km across a 500 meter wide path. The tornado was part of a tornado outbreak that produced 20 reported tornadoes across Belarus & Tver Oblast.[19][20]


Administrative and municipal status


Within the framework of administrative divisions, Andreapol serves as the administrative center of Andreapolsky District.[5] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Andreapolsky District as Andreapol Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Andreapolsky Municipal District.[6]


Economy


Forests cover around 70% of the district's territory. As a result of that, logging industry provides substantial revenue for the town. There is a large saw-mill plant in Andreapol as well as porcelain production. Agriculture is also of fundamental importance to the town's economy.


Transportation


The railway connecting Bologoye with Velikiye Luki passes Andreapol. There is infrequent passenger traffic.

A paved road connecting Ostashkov with Zapadnaya Dvina via Peno runs via Andreapol. There are local roads as well. There is bus traffic in the district.


Military


The town is home to Andreapol air base, an important interceptor aircraft base guarding Moscow.


Culture and recreation


Andreapol contains three cultural heritage monuments of local significance. Two of them are monuments to soldiers fallen in World War II, and the third one is an archaeological site.[21] There is a local museum in Andreapol.[22]


References



Notes


  1. Law #34-ZO
  2. Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #17-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Andreapolsky Municipal District, lists the town of Andreapol as a part and the administrative center of Andreapol Urban Settlement of that district.
  3. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  4. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  5. Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 202», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 28 202, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
  6. Law #17-ZO
  7. Law #4-ZO
  8. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  9. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  10. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  11. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 via Demoscope Weekly.
  12. Андреапольский район (in Russian). Тверская ОУНБ им. А.М. Горького. Archived from the original on January 3, 2017. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
  13. Псковская губерния (in Russian). Руниверс. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
  14. История Андреапольского района (in Russian). Andreapolsky District Administration. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
  15. Воробьёв, М. В. (1993). Г. В. Туфанова (ed.). Административно-территориальное деление Смоленской области (in Russian). Государственный архив Смоленской области. pp. 118–133.
  16. Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved December 5, 2014.
  17. "European Severe Weather Database". Archived from the original on November 5, 2021.
  18. Movileanu, Arian; Dresch, Matthew (August 4, 2021). "Deadly tornado spins across town at 60mph destroying 1,500 homes and killing 3". mirror. Retrieved August 21, 2021.
  19. "European Severe Weather Database".
  20. http://tornado.maps.psu.ru/
  21. Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
  22. Андреапольский районный краеведческий музей (in Russian). museum.ru. Archived from the original on November 22, 2015. Retrieved December 1, 2015.

Sources





На других языках


[de] Andreapol

Andreapol (russisch Андреа́поль) ist eine Kleinstadt in der Oblast Twer (Russland) mit 8286 Einwohnern (Stand 14. Oktober 2010).[1]
- [en] Andreapol

[ru] Андреаполь

Андреа́поль — город (с 1967[2] года) в Тверской области России.



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