Kesova Gora (Russian: Ке́сова Гора́) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Kesovogorsky District of Tver Oblast, Russia, located 32 kilometers (20mi) from Kashin and 50 kilometers (31mi) from Bezhetsk. Population: 3,877(2010 Census);[3]4,076(2002 Census);[8]4,208(1989 Census).[9]
Kesova Gora was known since approximately 1238, and it apparently was formed from a combination various smaller settlements: Krasny, Zaychy, and Grachi. Originally, the settlement was called Kyasova Gora, meaning "clay-filled region" in Finnish. For a long time, it was a votchina of the Prozorovsky noble family. One of the most important landmarks of the settlement is the still-functioning Saint Nicholas Church.[10]
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Kesova Gora was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates. Kesova Gora was a part of Kashinsky Uyezd of Tver Viceroyalty.[11] In 1796, Tver Viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate. On October3, 1927 Kashinsky Uyezd was abolished; Kesova Gora was transferred to Bezhetsky Uyezd.[12]
On July12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Kesovsky District, with the administrative center in Kesova Gora, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast. Shortly afterwards, the district was renamed Kesovogorsky. On July23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Kesovogorsky District was transferred to Tver Oblast. On February13, 1963, during the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform, Sonkovsky District was merged into Bezhetsky District, but on January12, 1965 it was re-established.[12] In 1975, Kesova Gora was granted urban-type settlement status.[13]
Economy
Industry
Kesova Gora's economy is primarily agriculture-based. There is also a bread-making factory, a linen factory, and a milk and meat packing company in the settlement.[11]
Transportation
The main form of transportation in the settlement is the passenger train which makes a stop at the historic wooden town train station (constructed in 1895) two or more times a day. The train travels from nearby Sonkovo to Savyolovo, and back. A more frequent bus service is also available in the area, but it only travels to closer locations. A road that travels from Kashin to Bezhetsk also passes through the settlement.
Culture and recreation
Saint Nicholas Church.
Kesova Gora contains one cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally two objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monument is the Saint Nicholas Church (1770s) whereas the local monuments are the Transfiguration Church (1800) and the monument to Aleksey Alelyukhin, a military pilot and double Hero of the Soviet Union, who was born in Kesova Gora.[14]
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
Законодательное Собрание Тверской области.Закон№34-ЗОот17 апреля 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области», в ред. Закона №66-ЗО от1 октября 2014 г.«О внесении изменения в статью18 Закона Тверской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тверской области"». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №17 (специальный выпуск), 19 апреля 2006 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast.Law#34-ZOofApril17, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast, as amended by the Law#66-ZO ofOctober1, 2014 On Amending Article18 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tver Oblast". Effective as ofthe official publication date.).
Законодательное Собрание Тверской области.Закон№28-ЗОот28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Кесовогорский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №20-ЗО от13 апреля 2009 г.«О внесении изменений в Приложение №1 к Закону Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Кесовогорский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения"». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast.Law#29-ZOofFebruary28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Kesovogorsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law#20-ZO ofApril13, 2009 On Amending Appendix1 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Kesovogorsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements". Effective as ofthe day of the official publication.).
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