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La Trinidad, officially the Municipality of La Trinidad (Ilocano: Ili ti La Trinidad; Tagalog: Bayan ng La Trinidad), is a 1st class municipality and capital of the province of Benguet, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 137,404 people. [6]

La Trinidad
Municipality
Municipality of La Trinidad
La Trinidad as viewed from Windy Hill
Flag Seal
Nicknames:  Strawberry Fields of the Philippines[1][2] Rose Capital of the Philippines[3]
Map of Benguet with La Trinidad highlighted
OpenStreetMap
La Trinidad Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 16°28′N 120°35′E
Country	Philippines
Region	Cordillera Administrative Region
Province	Benguet
District	Lone district
Founded	June 16, 1950
Barangays	16 (see Barangays)
Government  [4]
• Type	Sangguniang Bayan
• Mayor	Romeo K. Salda
• Vice Mayor	Roderick C. Awingan
• Representative	Eric Yap
• Municipal Council	Members John G. Botiwey Jayson C. Dangwa Guiller A. Galwan Belmer G. Elis Teddy C. Walang Francis A. Lee Henry M. Kipas Bartolome L. Baldas Jr.
• Electorate	50,990 voters (2022)
Area [5]
• Total	70.04 km2 (27.04 sq mi)
Elevation	1,102 m (3,615 ft)
Highest elevation	1,820 m (5,970 ft)
Lowest elevation	258 m (846 ft)
Population  (2020 census) [6]
• Total	137,404
• Density	2,000/km2 (5,100/sq mi)
• Households	36,824
Economy
• Income class	1st municipal income class
• Poverty incidence	2.30% (2018)[7]
• Revenue	₱583,985,726.96 (2020)
• Assets	₱1,205,126,332.10 (2020)
• Expenditure	₱390,191,797.53 (2020)
• Liabilities	₱178,813,568.16 (2020)
Service provider
• Electricity	Benguet Electric Cooperative (BENECO)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code	2601
PSGC	141110000
IDD : area code	+63 (0)74
Native languages	Kankanaey Ibaloi Ilocano Tagalog
Website	www.latrinidad.gov.ph

The municipality is known for its strawberry plantations earning the title "Strawberry Fields of the Philippines".[2]

La Trinidad is within Metro Baguio area. The town's name comes from the Spanish phrase for "The Trinity"

History

Spanish period

The valley encompassing La Trinidad was originally called "Benguet", a thriving community of Ibaloi migrants from Tinek.[1] Natives traded local products, which included gold, with nearby lowland towns that had Dominican and Augustinian missions established. About 1616, the procurator general of Manila, Hemando de los Rios Coronel became interested in the mountain gold and proposed to the Spanish King to expedite its search. He wrote both Alonso Fajardo, the Governor of Manila, and the Archbishop of Manila in December 1618 that it was the solution to both the abandoned missions as well as the depleted colonial treasury. Fajardo requested feedback from the religious orders on this matter; whether waging a war against the Igorots was just. Only the Jesuits objected with the war, preferring only that their "mines be occupied in the name of his Majesty".[8]

In 1620, Fajardo sent the first expedition under Captain Garcia Aldana y Cabrera, Governor of Pangasinan. Aldana and his men took the route from Aringay, crossing the Naguilian River to Duplas (La Union), then followed the Bornotan (Santo Rosario) River eventually reaching Takdian. Upon arriving at the mining community of Bua, the men found only a recently burned village, suggesting the natives fled with nothing for them to plunder. Aldana examined the Antamok mines and was able to gather some gold.[8]

A second expedition was sent in 1623 under the command of Sergeant Major Antonio Carreño de Valdes. Carreño was able to repel some Igorot assaults, building two forts; 'Fort Santiago' overlooking the present Santo Nino mines, and 'Fort del Rosario' in the Antamok-Itogon area. The Igorots submitted to Spanish authorities only to strike back when the rainy season made it difficult to send manpower and new supplies, prompting the Spaniards to retreat.[8]

Finally, in 1624, Fajardo sent Captain Alonso Martin Quirante, a master of strategy, logistics and tactics. In February of that year, Quirante took off with a huge expedition of 1,903 soldiers, carpenters, miners, smiths, slaves, clerks and some requisite clergy. He divided his large force into three; the first to clear the road, the second to follow, and the third with rations and arms. This ensured they would reach the mining area after clearing out an Igorot fort along the way. Quirante was able to reach the mining areas, and discovered about two hundred abandoned houses, implying the locals fled beforehand. He rebuilt Fort Santiago, and examined five mines; four of which showed signs of having been abandoned by the Igorots: Arisey Bugayona, Baranaban, Antamog, and Conog. The fifth mine called Galan was still operational. Quirante ordered baskets of ore gathered from each mine, labeled and ready for assaying. The results showed no evidence of deposits rich enough to yield attractive profit, prompting Quirante to return to Manila with 400 baskets of ore to be sent to Mexico for further assaying.[8]

Meanwhile, the Royal Audiencia had become concerned at the expense of the project which had already cost 33,982 pesos. Don Geronimo Silva took over the government, convening the council to decide on the issue. The Royal Audiencia decided to abandon the project because of mounting expenses, loss of life and the continued hostility of the Igorots and their land.[8]

In 1829, another expedition was sent to Benguet under Guillermo Galvey.[1]

Although the District of Benguet was established in La Trinidad by 1846, it was only on April 21, 1874, under Commandant Manuel Scheidnagel, that "Valle de Benguet" was renamed "Valle de La Trinidad" (La Trinidad Valley). Despite popular acceptance that it was named as "a fitting tribute to Galvey’s wife - Doña Trinidad de Galvey" – recent research has revealed that credit should have probably gone to Scheidnagel, having been inspired by the three prominent adjacent hills (in effect, forming a Trinity: a religious icon of the Christian campaign) overlooking the Poblacion church, where the seat of government, the Cabecera, was established.[9]

Together with 40 other smaller surrounding rancherías, La Trinidad was placed under the jurisdiction of the newly established Benguet commandancia politico-militar in 1846[10][11] and was established as its administrative headquarters during the Spanish Conquest of the Philippines.[1][12][13]

American period

During the Philippine Revolution, in July 1898, Filipino revolutionary forces under the Ibaloi chieftain Juan Cariño and Pedro Paterno liberated La Trinidad from the Spaniards and took over the government, proclaiming Benguet as a province of the new Philippine Republic, with La Trinidad as its capital.[14][1]

In 1900, the American colonizers arrived, and La Trinidad was established as one of the 19 townships under Benguet province, upon the issuance of Act No. 48.[12][15] For a brief period, Baguio became the capital of Benguet when appointed Benguet province civil governor H.P. Whitmarsh moved the seat of government from La Trinidad to Baguio in 1901. La Trinidad was made the provincial capital again in 1909, after the Baguio township was abolished and converted into a chartered city.[1]

Second World War

On May 3, 1945, The Filipino soldiers of the 2nd, 12th, 13th, 15th and 16th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army, 1st Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary, and the 66th Infantry Regiment of the United States Armed Forces in the Philippines - Northern Luzon or USAFIP-NL liberated La Trinidad.[1][16]

Modern history

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (January 2015)

La Trinidad was transformed into a full-fledged town from its former status as municipal district by virtue of Republic Act No. 531, approved June 16, 1950.[17]

On June 23, 2016, La Trinidad was highlighted in the media when the first and largest community artwork in the Philippines, the STOBOSA Hillside Homes Artwork was unveiled, featuring hillside houses within the sitios of Stonehill, Botiwtiw and Sadjap of Barangay Balili painted with sunflower and abstract designs.[18][19]

Today, people often hear about the town's push for cityhood. The town had long surpassed the requirements for annual income, but could not comply with either of the minimum population or land area requirements of at least 150,000 inhabitants or a contiguous territory of 100 square kilometers, as mandated by the Local Government Code.[20][21][22]

Cityhood

House Bill No. 6367 was filed last February 20, 2020 for the conversion of the municipality of La Trinidad into a component city in the province of Benguet.[23] The bill is currently pending with the committee on local government since February 26, 2020.

Geography

La Trinidad is located at 16°28′N 120°35′E, at the central portion of Benguet. It is bounded by Tublay on the north-east, Sablan on the west, Baguio on the south, Itogon on the southeast, and Tuba on the south-west.

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of 70.04 square kilometres (27.04 sq mi) [24] constituting 2.53% of the 2,769.08-square-kilometre- (1,069.15 sq mi) total area of Benguet.

The terrain is generally mountainous with springs, rivers and creeks. The town has a valley which encompasses several barangays. The valley floor elevation is at 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) above sea level. Elevation ranges from 500 to 1,700 metres (1,600 to 5,600 ft) above sea level.

The Balili River is the municipality's main water drainage which carries upstream water from the Sagudin River in Baguio.[25] The river merges with another upstream river in Tuel upon reaching the La Trinidad-Tublay-Sablan tri-point.

La Trinidad is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Baguio and 255 kilometres (158 mi) from Manila.

Climate

La Trinidad has a dry-winter subtropical highland climate (Köppen climate classification: Cwb), featuring a menacing wet season.

La Trinidad belongs under the Type I climate by the Coronas System of classification with distinct wet and dry seasons. The dry season is from November to April while the wet season occurs during the rest of the year. The climate is cool with temperatures ranging from 11.7 °C (53.1 °F) during the month of December at its coldest and 23.2 °C (73.8 °F) at its warmest during the months of March, April and May. The average daily temperature is 18.55 °C (65.39 °F). Wind velocity is 1.43. During the rainiest month of August, the rainfall average is 850.70 millimetres (33.492 in).^{[citation needed]}

Barangays

La Trinidad is politically subdivided into 16 barangays.[27], with 11 classified as urban and 5 as rural.[27] As of 2015, the most populous is Pico with 23,282 people, while Bineng, with 1,624 people, has the least. [28] Wangal is the largest in terms of land area,[29] while Cruz is the smallest.[30] Balili was the most densely populated, and Bineng was the least. Bineng has the most number of sitios, while Betag has the least with only 4.

These barangays are headed by elected officials: Barangay Captain, Barangay Council, whose members are called Barangay Councilors. All are elected every three years.

Barangay[27] Class[27] Etymology Historical component of Area Population (2015) [28] Density (2015) No. of sitios Alapang Rural Ibaloi: Adafang – "powdery substance from limestone"[31] Alno (until 1967)[31] 2.01 km2 (0.78 sq mi)[31] 4,477 (3.5%) 2,200/km2 (5,700/sq mi) 5 [31] Alapang Proper Camp Dangwa Dapiting Ettong Samoyao Alno Rural Alno – local term for a medicinal dipterocarp tree in the area[32] Bahong[32] 9.58 km2 (3.70 sq mi)[32] 2,883 (2.2%) 300/km2 (780/sq mi) 13 [32] Bekes Central Alno Conig Doakan Induyan Mati-e Obudan Ongasan Payew Peril Riverside Roadside Taytay Ambiong Urban Ibaloi: Ambiongan – "Black Carpet Bees" found in the rolling hills and forests[33] Eastern Pico (until 1948)[33] 3.42 km2 (1.32 sq mi)[33] 7,149 (5.5%) 2,100/km2 (5,400/sq mi) 7 [33] Botiwtiw Central Ambiong Gulon Paltingan Parapad Riverside Upper Ambiong Bahong Urban Ibaloi: Pesjohong (or naydihong) – "hollow or bowl like"[34] Tacdian[34] 6.58 km2 (2.54 sq mi)[34] 5,188 (4.0%) 790/km2 (2,000/sq mi) 5 [34] Anoding Central Bahong Ma-e Sadag Tomay Balili Urban Ibaloi: Badili – a type of grass abundant in the area[35] Pico[35] 1.19 km2 (0.46 sq mi)[35] 18,962 (14.7%) 16,000/km2 (41,000/sq mi) 11 [35] Botiwtiw Cabanao Central Balili Little Flower Luboc Mamaga Pinespark Sadjap/ Bell Church Stonehill Tabangaoen Tebteb Beckel Urban — Pico[36] 9.51 km2 (3.67 sq mi)[36] 3,918 (3.0%) 410/km2 (1,100/sq mi) 13 [36] Bakong Balangbang Busi Cawat Central Beckel Gongel Lamut Linusod Marlboro Obulan Pagal Peril Sapsing Bineng Rural Nabneng – local term characterizing the natural damming by the Danao River[37] Disdis (present-day Sablan)[37] 8.25 km2 (3.19 sq mi)[37] 1,624 (1.3%) 200/km2 (520/sq mi) 16 [37] Alumit Aminit Bacca Balangabang Bodiweng Botilao Central Bineng Cojuran Corus Hilltop Japos Kagiskis Nawal Nayuno Shalushan Suwi Betag Urban Betag – a flat land area characterizing the terrain[38] Pico (until the 1950s)[38] 1.57 km2 (0.61 sq mi)[38] 9,747 (7.5%) 6,200/km2 (16,000/sq mi) 4 [38] Zone 1 (IA) Zone 2 (IB) Zone 3 (IC) Zone 4 (ID) Cruz Urban Spanish: Cruz – Cross[30] Alapang (until 1971)[30] 0.56 km2 (0.22 sq mi)[30] 3,721 (2.9%) 6,600/km2 (17,000/sq mi) 7 [30] Atta Baa-yan Kangas Lower Cruz Oliweg Samoyao Upper Cruz Lubas Urban Ibaloi: Dubas – "red clay" abundant in the area[39] Pico[39] 2.40 km2 (0.93 sq mi)[39] 6,159 (4.8%) 2,600/km2 (6,700/sq mi) 6 [39] Guitley Inselbeg Lubas Proper Pipingew Rocky Side 1 Rocky Side 2 Pico Urban Ibaloi: Piho – "pick mattock" inhabitants used to flatten the hilly land[40] — 3.29 km2 (1.27 sq mi)[40] 23,282 (18.0%) 7,100/km2 (18,000/sq mi) 8 [40] Balangabang Bayabas Cogcoga Dreamland-Piripin Bato Km. 4 Km. 5 Shamolog Toyong Poblacion Urban Spanish: Poblacion – the site of the old Spanish Presidencia[41] Benget[41] 1.05 km2 (0.41 sq mi)[41] 13,196 (10.2%) 13,000/km2 (34,000/sq mi) 5 [41] Central Buyagan Eastern Buyagan Town Proper Upper Kesbeng Western Buyagan Puguis Rural — Pico (until the 1950s)[42] 10.22 km2 (3.95 sq mi)[42] 9,038 (7.0%) 880/km2 (2,300/sq mi) 7 [42] Ampasit Buhao Guadayan Lamtang Longlong Proper Puguis Wayside Shilan Urban Shalan – local term for "the way to and from"[43] Tacdian[43] 7.51 km2 (2.90 sq mi)[43] 4,833 (3.7%) 640/km2 (1,700/sq mi) 8 [43] Balukas Cavanao Jappa Pagal Sabdang Sagpawe Shilan 1 Shilan 2 Tawang Urban Kankanaey: Tawang – "catching birds through the use of fire inside the cave" or Ibaloi: Tayawan – "tayaw" ritual inside the Tawang caves[44] parts of Pico, Alapang and Shilan[44] 2.48 km2 (0.96 sq mi)[44] 9,014 (7.0%) 3,600/km2 (9,300/sq mi) 6 [44] Banig Boted Central Tawang Dengsi Papasok Tayawan Wangal Rural Ibaloi: Vangal – Ibaloi term attributed to the river[29] — 11.16 km2 (4.31 sq mi)[29] 5,942 (4.6%) 530/km2 (1,400/sq mi) 5 [29] Gayasi Lower Wangal Sadjatan Talinguroy Upper Wangal Dashes (—) in cells indicate unavailable information.

Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap  Download coordinates as: KML

Demographics

Population census of La Trinidad

Year	Pop.	±% p.a.
1903	267	—
1918	3,013	+17.53%
1939	6,554	+3.77%
1948	7,994	+2.23%
1960	12,415	+3.74%
1970	18,551	+4.09%
1975	22,732	+4.16%
1980	28,713	+4.78%
1990	48,523	+5.39%
1995	63,089	+5.04%
2000	67,963	+1.61%
2007	97,810	+5.15%
2010	107,188	+3.39%
2015	129,133	+3.61%
2020	137,404	+1.23%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [28] [45] [46][47]

In the 2020 census, La Trinidad had a population of 137,404. [6] The population density was 2,000 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,200/sq mi).

Economy

La Trinidad supplies most of the Philippines' strawberries[55] and cut flowers which include roses.[56][57][58] The La Trinidad Vegetable Trading Post is visited by wholesalers and traders of vegetables from other provinces.[59] The presence of the Benguet State University in the municipality serves as a boost to agricultural research and development in the region.[60]

The town landed on the Guinness Book of World Records for baking the world's largest strawberry shortcake, at 21,213.40 pounds (9,622.24 kg), at the La Trinidad Strawberry Festival on March 20, 2004.[61]

Its proximity to the city of Baguio attracts tourists, primarily to the strawberry fields in the valley, and lesser to the Benguet Provincial Capitol and the Rose Gardens of barangay Bahong.[3]

Government

La Trinidad, belonging to the lone congressional district of the province of Benguet, is governed by a mayor designated as its local chief executive and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

Elected officials

Members of the Municipal Council
(2019–2022)[62]

Position	Name
Congressman	Nestor B. Fongwan[lower-alpha 1] Eric G. Yap (since January 20, 2020)[64]
Mayor	Romeo K. Salda
Vice-Mayor	Roderick C. Awingan
Councilors	Nestor T. Fongwan Jr.
	Jayson C. Dangwa
	Renato B. Tereng
	Guiller A. Galwan
	John G. Botiwey
	Arthur M. Shontogan
	Francis A. Lee
	Teddy C. Walang

Education

La Trinidad, aside from the adjacent city of Baguio, is the center of higher education in Benguet province.[65]

Public schools

As of 2014, La Trinidad has 23 public elementary schools and 7 public secondary schools.[66][67][68]

The main campus of the Benguet State University, the first university in the province, is located in the municipality.

Private schools

There are 11 private schools according to the Department of Education - Schools Division of Benguet.[69]

Notable personalities

La Trinidad is the burial place of:

• Deodato Arellano (1844–1899), a Filipino patriot and one of the founders of the Katipunan.[70]

Sister cities

Local

• Danao, Bohol[71]
• Quezon City[72]

International

See also

• La Trinidad Strawberry Farm

Notes

References

External links

• Media related to La Trinidad, Benguet at Wikimedia Commons
• La Trinidad, Benguet travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Official website
• Philippine Standard Geographic Code

На других языках

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[de] La Trinidad (Benguet)

La Trinidad ist eine philippinische Stadtgemeinde in der Provinz Benguet. La Trinidad ist Sitz der Provinzregierung der Provinz Benguet.

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- [en] La Trinidad, Benguet

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[ru] Ла-Тринидад (провинция Бенгет)

Ла-Тринидад (англ. La Trinidad) — город и муниципалитет в Филиппинах, столица провинции Бенгет. Население составляет 97 810 человек. В административном отношении делится на 16 барангаев.

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