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Kandi is a sub-divisional town and a municipality in Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of the Kandi subdivision and is located on the east bank of Kana Mayurakshi River. It is also known as the rice store of Murshidabad district, owing to its large production of rice. It is situated 30 km away from Berhampore, the district headquarter of Murshidabad and approximately 195 km from Kolkata, the capital of West Bengal.

For other uses, see Kandi.

Kandi
Town
Nickname: 
Rice Store of Murshidabad
Kandi
Location in West Bengal, India
Kandi
Kandi (India)
Coordinates: 23.95°N 88.03°E / 23.95; 88.03
Country India
StateWest Bengal
DistrictMurshidabad
Government
 • TypeFederal democracy
 • BodyKandi Municipality
 • ChairmanApurba Sarkar  —TMC
Area
[1]
 • Total12.97 km2 (5.01 sq mi)
Elevation
20 m (70 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
 • Total55,632
 • Density4,300/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialBengali, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Postal Code
742137, 742138, 742139, 742140
Vehicle registrationWB/57, WB/57
Lok Sabha constituencyBaharampore
Vidhan Sabha constituencyKandi

Geography


[Interactive fullscreen map]
Cities, towns and locations in the Berhampore and Kandi subdivisions, Murshidabad district
M: municipal town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical centres
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly

Location


Kandi is located at 23.95°N 88.03°E / 23.95; 88.03.[2] It has an average elevation of 20 m (66 ft).

Kandi is present in the Mayurakshi River basin. Mayurakshi River and its tributaries are bound in this area. This area is part of the Rarh Anchal.

Kandi is a small sub-divisional administrative headquarters in the district of Murshidabad, West Bengal.

It is 30 km (19 mi) from the district headquarters of Berhampore. It is in close proximity to two other districts namely Burdwan at 32 km and Birbhum at 21 km.

The town is renowned for being one of the oldest municipal bodies in India. It has acquired the status of a municipality in 1869.

The area is critically prone to perpetual flood and drainage congestion and remain totally cut-off for many days together from other parts of the district during flood. The aforesaid area is drained by three main river systems namely, the Mayurakshi - Bele, the Brahmani- Dwarka and the Bakreshwar – Kopai – Kuye. All the three systems combine into one and finally outfalls into the river Bhagirathi through the Babla – Uttarasan system. The river systems described above carry huge discharge during monsoon causing wide spread flood and drainage congestion in Kandi and adjoining areas as most of the embankments, constructed decades ago through ex-zamindary or other sources, are in dilapidated conditions. The perpetual occurrence of flood and drainage congestion cause untold misery to the people. The average annual damage is to the tune of Rs. 97.55 Crore. Transport of relief materials and rapid evacuation of affected people becomes really challenging task in such time.[3]


Area overview


The area shown in the map alongside, covering Berhampore and Kandi subdivisions, is spread across both the natural physiographic regions of the district, Rarh and Bagri.[4][5] The headquarters of Murshidabad district, Berhampore, is in this area.[6] The ruins of Karnasubarna, the capital of Shashanka, the first important king of ancient Bengal who ruled in the 7th century, is located 9.6 kilometres (6.0 mi) south-west of Berhampore.[7][8][9] The entire area is overwhelmingly rural with over 80% of the population living in the rural areas.[10]

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivisions. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.


Demographics


According to the 2011 Census of India, Kandi had a total population of 55,632, of which 28,442 (51%) were males and 27,190 (49%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 5,889. The total number of literate persons in Kandi was 40,816 (82.05% of the population over 6 years).[11]

As of 2001 India census,[12] Kandi had a population of 50,345. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Kandi has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 60%. In Kandi, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.


Infrastructure


According to the District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Kandi covered an area of 12.97 km2. It had 118 km roads with both open and covered drains. The protected water-supply involved overhead tank, tap water from treated source, hand pump. It had 7,788 domestic electric connections, 1,985 road lighting points. Among the medical facilities it had 2 hospitals (with 200 beds), 2 dispensaries/ health centres, 1 family welfare centre, 1 maternity & child welfare centre, 1 maternity home, 1 TB hospital/ clinic, 1 nursing home, 1 veterinary hospital, 132 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities, it had 30 primary schools, 1 middle school, 4 secondary schools, 4 senior secondary schools, 2 general degree colleges. It had 19 non-formal education centre (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan), 1 specialised school for disabled. Among the social, recreational & cultural facilities it had 1 cinema theatre, 1 auditorium/ community hall, 3 public libraries. It produced handloom, tobacco, bell metal products. It had the branch offices of 4 nationalised banks, 1 private commercial bank, 1 cooperative bank, 2 agricultural credit society, 45 non-agricultural credit society.[13]


Economy



Banking & financial services



Tourism and festivals


Some popular tourist spots and festivals of Kandi are listed here:


Transport



Roadways


SH-11 passes through Kandi. Kandi Town is gateway of Murshidabad District, as 10 districts of South Bengal is directly connected to. Kandi is well connected to places like Berhampur, Suri, Bolpur, Tarapith, Rampurhat, Burdwan, Katwa, Asansol, etc. by road.

Public transport systems in Kandi Town include the Government and private buses, electric rickshaws, taxis and auto rickshaws.


Railways


There is no railway station. The nearest ones are at: Salar at 25 km, Khagraghat Road (KGLE) railway station at 28 km on Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop line, Berhampur, at 34 km on Sealdah–Lalgola line. Sainthia Junction at 39 km on Sahibganj loop line. Kurmodanga (well known as Futisanko) at 34 km on Ahmadpur–Katwa line.


Education



Colleges


Kandi Raj College was established in 1950 by the Kandi Raj family of Kandi. Affiliated to the University of Kalyani, it has the following departments: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Computer Science, Bengali, English, Sanskrit, History, Geography, Political science, Philosophy and Economics.[14][15]

Raja Birendra Chandra College was established in 1965 at Kandi. It was earlier known as Kandi Raj College of Commerce. Affiliated to the University of Kalyani, it offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, geography and BCom.[16]

Bimal Chandra College of Law was established at Kandi in 2002 with the untiring efforts of Atish Chandra Sinha, a doyen of the Kandi Raj family. It is affiliated with the University of Kalyani and approved by the Bar Council of India.[17]


Schools


The educational revolution of this place started when Kandi Raj High School was established by converting a theater owned by the Zamindars of the Kandi Raj family. This was done on an appeal by Pandit Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, the eminent educationist and social reformer during the renaissance in Bengal.

The Zamindar family, commonly referred to as Rajas, have contributed to the spread of education in a commendable way. They also took initiative for female education in and around the Kandi subdivision.

Currently, female education has picked up momentum. There are many educational libraries, sporting clubs in neighbouring villages.


Personalities and notable peoples



Arts and culture


The region has a special reputation for making a type of sweet confectionery called Monohara.

The city can be considered one of the major cultural centers of Murshidabad. Renowned groups have originated from this town. These groups hold theater festivals throughout the year, mostly during the winter, in Kandi. On Republic Day (January 26), major sports events, programs and parades are held here. Kandi is also commonly known for the famous Kali Puja of the Roychowdhury royal family, the erstwhile rulers of Kandi and the surrounding areas.


Healthcare


There is a government hospital Kandi Subdivision Hospital in the heart of the town and people from the neighbouring towns and villages visit there for medical treatment. There is also a non-government nursing home named Kabita Nursing Home.


See also



References


  1. "Kandi City".
  2. Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Kandi
  3. "Kandi Master Plan (A comprehensive flood management scheme for Murshidabad and Birbhum)".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Physiography, Page 13. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  5. "Murshidabad". Geography. Murshidabad district authorities. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  6. "Murshidabad". Murshidabad district authorities. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  7. Ray, Nihar Ranjan, Bangalir Itihas Adi Parba, (in Bengali), 1980 edition, pp. 160-161, Paschim Banga Niraksharata Durikaran Samiti
  8. Sengupta, Nitish, History of the Bengali-speaking People, p.25, UBS Publishers’ Distributors Pvt. Ltd.
  9. Majumdar, Dr. R.C., History of Ancient Bengal, first published 1971, reprint 2005, pp. 5-6, Tulshi Prakashani, Kolkata, ISBN 81-89118-01-3.
  10. "District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, Series 20, Part XII B" (PDF). District Primary Census Abstract page 26. Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  11. "District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, Series 20, Part XII B" (PDF). Rural PCA-C.D. blocks wise Village Primary Census Abstract, location no. 801661, page 44-45. Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
  12. "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  13. "District Census Handbook Murshidabad, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Section II Town Directory, Pages 981-987: Statement I: Growth History, Pages 990-993: Statement III: Civic & Other Amenities, Pages 993-995: Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 995-1001 Section V: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities; Pages 1 001- 1002: Statement VI: Industry & Banking. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  14. "Kandi Raj College". KRC. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  15. "Kandi Raj College". College Admission. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  16. "Raja Birendra Chandra College". RBCC Kandi. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  17. "Bimal Chandra College of Law". BCCL. Retrieved 12 September 2017.



На других языках

[de] Kandi (Murshidabad)

Kandi ist eine Stadt im indischen Bundesstaat Westbengalen.
- [en] Kandi, Murshidabad


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