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Tamluk (/ˈtæmlʊk/) is a town and a municipality in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of the Purba Medinipur district. Though there is some controversy, scholars have generally agreed that present-day Tamluk is the site of the ancient city variously known as Tamralipta or Tamralipti. Where Hien Chang, a Chinese traveller, visited the town, is now located on the banks of Rupnarayan River, close to the Bay of Bengal.

Tamluk
Tamralipta, Tamolika, Tamralipti, Tamoluk
City
Bargabhima temple at Tamluk
Tamluk
Location in West Bengal, India
Tamluk
Tamluk (India)
Tamluk
Tamluk (Asia)
Coordinates: 22.3°N 87.92°E / 22.3; 87.92
Country India
State West Bengal
DistrictPurba Medinipur
Government
 • TypeMunicipality
 • Body
  • Tamluk Municipality
  • Haldia Development Authority
Area
[1]
 • Total17.86 km2 (6.90 sq mi)
Elevation
7 m (23 ft)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total65,306
 • Density3,700/km2 (9,500/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialBengali[3][4]
 • Additional officialEnglish[3]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
721636 721627 721648 721649
Telephone code91-3228
Vehicle registrationWB 29-xxxx, WB 30-xxxx
Lok Sabha constituencyTamluk
Vidhan Sabha constituencyTamluk
Websitepurbamedinipur.gov.in
Ruins of Tamluk Rajbari
Ruins of Tamluk Rajbari
Radhamadhab and Radharaman Deul temple in Tamluk
Radhamadhab and Radharaman Deul temple in Tamluk

History


Main article: Tamralipta

This ancient kingdom and port city was bounded by the Bay of Bengal in the south, Rupnarayan River in the east and Subarnarekha River in the west. The Rupnarayana is the joint flow of the rivers Dwarakeswar and Silai. The Bay of Bengal and these great rivers with their numerous branches created a prosperous and easy water navigational system fostering commerce, culture and early contacts with the people outside the region. At the same time, these rivers helped to develop the agriculture in this region.[5]

Archaeological remains show continuous settlement from about the 3rd century BC. It was known as Tramralipta (in the Puranas and the Mahabharata), Tamralipta (in the Mahabharata), Tamalika (in historical documents), Tamalitti (in foreigners' descriptions), or Tamoluk (in the British Raj). It was a seaport, now buried under river silt. For this reason, Tamluk has many ponds and lakes remaining today.[6][7][8]

In the Mahabharata (Bhishma Parba/Nabam Adhyay), while describing the names of the holiest rivers and kingdoms of India, Sanjay took the name of "Tramralipta" to Dhritarashtra.[9][10][5]

Tamluk was also known as Bhivas, in religious texts, and Madhya Desh, as the Middle State of Utkal/Kalinga and Banga.[citation needed]

According to Jain sources, Tamralipti was the capital of the tamralipti janapada and was long known as a port.[11][12][13][14]


Geography


[Interactive fullscreen map]
Cities and towns in Tamluk subdivision of Purba Medinipur district
M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical/ religious centre
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly

Police station


Map of Purba Medinipur showing Tamluk
Map of Purba Medinipur showing Tamluk

Tamluk police station has jurisdiction over Tamluk (municipality) and Tamluk CD Block. Tamluk police station covers an area of 214.14 km2 with a population of 352,748.[15][16]


Demographics


According to 2011 Indian Census, Tamluk had a total population of 65,306, of which 33,260 were males and 32,046 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 6,180. The total number of literates in Tamluk was 53,318, which constituted 81.6% of the population with male literacy of 85.0% and female literacy of 78.1%. The effective literacy rate of population (7 years and above) of Tamluk was 90.2%, of which male literacy rate was 94.0% and female literacy rate was 86.2%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 4,441 and 201 respectively. Tamluk had 14489 households in 2011.[2]


Transport


Tamluk also has two railway station Tamluk Junction and Shahid Matangini.


Education



Schools


An ICSE affiliated school upto standard 12th (ICSE)

(WBBSE and WBCHSE)

( WBBSE and WBCHSE)



Colleges


Tamralipta Mahavidyalaya
Tamralipta Mahavidyalaya

Business



Nursing Home


The Town has recently seen an increase in the number of private Nursing Homes, serving people of the town and mostly of the rural areas in and around Tamluk.

Tamluk also is a growing medical Hub, with chambers of many reputated doctors, that have brought top level diagnosis and facilities to the people of Tamluk and rural villages beside Tamluk.

Some of the most advanced Nursing Homes in Tamluk are


Diagnostic Centres


Along with Nursing homes, top notch diagnostic centres have also developed in the Town, that brings in advance level diagnosis to the rural people

Some of them to be noted are


Landmarks and tourist places


Rupnarayan Riverside Tamluk
Rupnarayan Riverside Tamluk

Notable people





See also



References


  1. "Tamluk Info". sudawb.org. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  2. "Census of India: Tamluk". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  3. "Fact and Figures". www.wb.gov.in. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  4. "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. p. 85. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
  5. Dilip K. Chakrabarti (2001). Archaeological Geography of the Ganga Plain: The Lower and the Middle Ganga. Orient Blackswan. p. 125. ISBN 978-81-7824-016-9.
  6. Schendel, Willem van (12 February 2009). A History of Bangladesh. Cambridge University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-316-26497-3.
  7. Tripati, S.; Rao, S. (1 January 1994). "Tamralipti: The Ancient Port of India". Studies in History and Culture. 2: 33–39.
  8. "History | Purba Medinipur | India". Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  9. Puri, Baij Nath (1966). Cities of Ancient India. Meenakshi Prakashan. p. 110.
  10. Choudhury, Pratap Chandra (1988). Assam-Bengal Relations from the Earliest Times to the Twelfth Century A.D. Spectrum Publications. p. 67.
  11. Schmiedchen, Annette (2019). "Medieval Endowment Cultures in Western India: Buddhist and Muslim Encounters – Some Preliminary Observations". Mondes de l'Asie du Sud et de l'Asie Centrale: 7.
  12. Paine, Lincoln (6 February 2014). The Sea and Civilization: A Maritime History of the World. Atlantic Books. p. 265. ISBN 978-1-78239-357-3.
  13. Ramachandran 1951, p. 226-239.
  14. Bhaumick 2001, p. 7-8.
  15. "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purba Medinipur". Tables 2.1, 2.2. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  16. "Tamluk PS". Purba Medinipur District Police. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
  17. "Tamralipta Mahaviyalaya". TM. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
  18. Shashwati Pandit (2 February 2021), Bargabhima temple: seeking an unknown mystery (PDF), IIJCRT
  19. ".:: Dr. Mani Lal Bhaumik ::". www.midnapore.in. Retrieved 16 July 2021.


Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Tamluk".

На других языках

- [en] Tamluk

[ru] Тамлук

Тамлук (англ. Tamluk) — город в индийском штате Западная Бенгалия. Административный центр округа Восточный Миднапур. Средняя высота над уровнем моря — 6 метров. По данным всеиндийской переписи 2001 года, в городе проживало 45 826 человек, из которых мужчины составляли 52 %, женщины — соответственно 48 %. Уровень грамотности взрослого населения составлял 77 % (при общеиндийском показателе 59,5 %). Уровень грамотности среди мужчин составлял 83 %, среди женщин — 72 %. 11 % населения было моложе 6 лет.


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