1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1km2 (0.386sqmi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aihertars.[4]
Geography
Ayherre is located in the Arberoue Valley in the former province of Lower Navarre some 23km east by south-east of Bayonne and immediately east of Hasparren. Access to the commune is by the D10 road from Hasparren which passes through the west of the commune and continues north to La Bastide-Clairence. The D251 branches east off the D10 in the commune and goes to the village then continues east to Isturits. The D314 goes south-west from the village to Bonloc. The D14 from Bonloc to Saint-Esteben passes through the south of the commune. The commune is mainly farmland with scattered forests.[5]
The commune is located in the drainage basin of the Adour with a dense network of streams covering the commune, mostly flowing north-westwards, and including the Joyeuse, which forms part of the western border of the commune. The Arbéroue rises in the south of the commune and flows north gathering many tributaries before joining the Lihoury to the north.
The commune name in basque is Aiherra[9] or Aiherre.[3] According to Jean-Baptiste Orpustan,[8] the name comes from the basque ailherr ("incline"), giving the meaning "place on a slope".
The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.
Name
Spelling
Date
Source
Page
Origin
Description
Ayherre
Sancti petri de ilarre
1236
Orpustan
Village
San Per de Aiherre
1321
Raymond
18
Camara
ayherra
1344
Orpustan
ayheRe
1350
Orpustan
Ajarra
1513
Raymond
18
Pamplona
Ahyerie
1754
Raymond
18
Collations
Aiherre
1750
Cassini
L'Ahounbiscardéguy
L'Ahunbiscardéguy
1863
Raymond
3
Stream
Apairi
Apahiri
1863
Raymond
7
Hamlet
Aphara
Apara
1621
Raymond
7
Biscay
Farm
Aphara
1863
Raymond
7
***Bildarraitz
beldarais
1249
Orpustan
Hamlet
bildarays
1350
Orpustan
bildarraiz
1413
Orpustan
Bildariz
1513
Raymond
31
Pamplona
Bildarraïts
1863
Raymond
31
Belzunce
Belçunze
1384
Raymond
27
Duchesne
Chateau, fief of the Kingdom of Navarre
Belzunce
1384
Raymond
27
Duchesne
Velçunce
1621
Raymond
27
Biscay
Balzunze
1621
Raymond
27
Biscay
Belsunce
1863
Raymond
27
Berhoa
Le Berho
1863
Raymond
28
Stream
Chapitalborda
Chapitel
1621
Raymond
48
Biscay
Farm
Chapital
1863
Raymond
48
Erquéta
Erquéta
1863
Raymond
59
Hamlet
Etchebarnia
Echabarne
1435
Raymond
63
Pamplona
Farm
Etchebarnia
1863
Raymond
63
Etchebéhère
Echevehere
1435
Raymond
63
Pamplona
Farm
Etchebéhère
1863
Raymond
63
Hergaitz
la croix d'Ergaïts
1863
Raymond
59
Place of Pilgrimage
Londaïtz
Londayz
1621
Raymond
103
Biscay
Farm
Londaïts
1863
Raymond
103
Lukua
Le Lucu
1863
Raymond
106
Stream
Mendigorria
Mendigorria
1621
Raymond
111
Biscay
Farm
Mendigorry
1863
Raymond
111
La Place
La Place
1863
Raymond
135
Hamlet
L'Uhartea
L'Uhartea
1863
Raymond
170
Stream
In the Middle Ages Bildarraitz was an independent area without a church but with its own council, and a half-dozen homes were ennobled in 1435. The name may be the joining of bil-, meaning "set" or "a round place", and araitz, meaning "blackthorn", "prickly", or "briar".[8]
Sources:
Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy[8]
On 18 March 1450,[16] Labourd returned to the French crown after the signing of a peace treaty at the Château of Belzunce in Ayherre which marked the end of English influence in the region. On that the representatives of Labourd made their submission and, upon payment of 2,000 gold écus secured by the retention of 10 hostages, retained their privileges.
Heraldry
Adopted in 2001 based on the arms of the lords of Belzunce[17]
Blazon: Quarterly, 1 and 4 Gules, 2 cows of Or horned and belled Azure posed in fesse; 2 Argent, an oak eradicated proper; 3 Azure a hydra Argent with 3 heads.
Administration
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2021)
the inter-communal association for the building of a retirement home in the Arberoue Valley
the inter-communal association for the crafts zone in Ayherre
Demography
The declaration of rights in 1749 counted 162 fires in Ayherre (130 third estate, one priest, two members of the nobility (Arcangues and Belsunce) and 29 non-owners).[19]
Prehistoric fortifications (Gaztelu Zahar of three levels)[23]
Religious heritage
The Parish Church of Saint Pierre (17th century) is registered as an historical monument.[24]
Education
The commune has two primary schools: one in the town and one private school of the Immaculate Conception.
Notable people linked to the commune
Émile Larre, born in 1926 at Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry, was a priest, chronicler, Bertsolari, writer, and French academic in the Basque language. He was an active promoter of basque traditions and particularly attached to the basque modes of expression such as the bertsolarism and Basque Pelota. He was priest of Ayherre from 1969 to 1980.
Census cited by Manex Goyhenetche, General History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN2 9131 5634 7, p. 282. The same work by Manex Goyhenetche indicated (page 284) that there was an average of 5.5 inhabitants per fire. (in French)
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