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Alos-Sibas-Abense (Basque: Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine)[3] is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

Alos-Sibas-Abense Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine
Commune
The church of Alos
Coat of arms
Location of Alos-Sibas-Abense
Alos-Sibas-Abense Show map of France Alos-Sibas-Abense Show map of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Coordinates: 43°07′12″N 0°52′29″W
Country	France
Region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Oloron-Sainte-Marie
Canton	Montagne Basque
Intercommunality	CA Pays Basque
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Jean-Pierre Iriart[1]
Area 1	5.78 km2 (2.23 sq mi)
Population  (Jan. 2019)[2]	330
• Density	57/km2 (150/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	64017 /64470
Elevation	204–414 m (669–1,358 ft) (avg. 221 m or 725 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

It is located in the former province of Soule.[3]

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Aloztar-Ziboztar-Oniztar[4]

Geography

Alos-Sibas-Abense is located some 90 km south-east of Bayonne and 80m km west of Lourdes. The D918 road runs down the eastern border of the commune, but does not enter. Access to the commune is on road D247 from Alcay-Alcabehety-Sunharette in the southwest which runs through the heart of the commune to the village. It then continues to the southeast linking with the D918 at Tardets-Sorholus. Most of the commune is farmland with some forest and it has a network of country roads covering most of the commune.[5]

Hydrography

Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the Saison river passes along and forms the eastern border of the commune parallel with the D918 road. The Aphoura stream (18 km), which is fed by the Ardounc, the Batasse (10.1 km), the Laritolle, the Jaga, and the Uthurrotche erreka, flows near the village and to the Saisson.

Places and hamlets

[7]

Toponymy

The commune name in Basque is Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine.[3][8]

The Basque form of Sibas can be Ziboz(e) or Ziborotz(e).[9]

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan[9] suggested that Abense came from a Roman phonetic change to the Basque Oniz > onise > oénse > auénse > abense. The base of the name is the oronym ona, also present in Bayonne and Oneix. The modern Basque form (Onizegañia,[9] Onizegañe[9] or Omiz(e)[9]) are equivalent to "Upper" (gain(e)a > gañia).

Brigitte Jobbé-Duval[8] suggests that Oniz is the name of a noble Basque family.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name	Spelling	Date	Source	Page	Origin	Description
Alos	Alos	1327	Orpustan	190		Village
	Alos	1338	Orpustan	190
	Alos	1375	Raymond	5	Luntz
	Alos in terra de Soule	1405	Raymond	5	Gascon roles
	Alos in terra de Sole	1405	Orpustan	190
	Alos	1690	Orpustan	190
	Alos	1750	Cassini
Sibas	Sivas	1178	Raymond	161	Duchesne	Village
	Sivas	1327	Orpustan	191
	Sent-Martin de Silvez	1520	Raymond	161	Soule
	Sibas	1690	Orpustan	191
	Sivas	1690	Orpustan	191
	Sibas	1750	Cassini
Abense	Evense	1337	Orpustan	189		Village
	Abense prope Tardetz	1385	Raymond	2	Duchesne
	Avense pres tardets	1520	Orpustan	189
	prop Tardetz Avense	1690	Orpustan	189
	Abense de Haut	1750	Cassini
	Abense de Haut	1793	EHESS
	Abeuze	1801	EHESS		Bulletin des lois
	Abense-de-Haut	1863	Raymond	1
Domec	Domec	1385	Raymond	55	Duchesne	Fief, depended on the Viscounts of Soule and its title counted as one of the ten potestats of Soule
Mendisquer	Menrisqueta	1385	Raymond	111	Duchesne	Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule
La Salle	La Sale de Sibas	1455	Raymond	153	Duchesne	Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Soule

Sources:

• Orpustan: Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy[9]
• Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)[6]
• Cassini: 1750 Cassini Map (in French)
• EHESS: Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Abense, EHESS. (in French)

Origins:

• Luntz:[10]
• Soule: Customs of Soule[11]
• Duchesne: Duchesne collection volume CXIV[12]

• 
  Town Hall at Alos
• 
  Old Hilarri at Alos
• 
  The Church of Sibas
• 
  Old Hilarri at Sibas
• 
  Trinity Bell Tower at the Church of Abense
• 
  Hilarri at Abense

History

Sibas merged with Alos on 23 October 1843 to form Alos-Sibas. On 16 April 1859, following the annexation of part of the territory of Abense-de-Haut, the commune took the name of Alos-Sibas-Abense.

On the same day the commune of Abense-de-Haut disappeared, its territory being divided between Alos-Sibas and Tardets.

Heraldry

The motto of the commune is atzotik biharrera (from yesterday to tomorrow) Blazon: Or, a bridge of three arches argent masoned in sable over a party per fess barry wavy of 4 azure and argent and surmounted by a comma sun gules of eight arms all over a terrace in base of 3 pales; the first Or with a tower in sable turreted windows and door open; the second gules a plume argent in an inkpot sable; the third azure 3 commas argent inverted in chief.

Administration

Lists of Successive Mayors of Alos-Sibas-Abense[13]

Until 1843

Alos

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1796	1798	Alexis Carriquert
1798	1799	Pierre Queheille
1799	1824	Jean Bastereche
1824	1836	Jean d'Arthex
1836	1845	Arnaud Sallabert

Sibas

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1795	1798	Jean Carrique
1798	1808	Philippe Etchart
1808	1813	Jean Harritchague
1813	1825	Jean Carrique
1825	1832	Jean-Pierre d'Arthez-Lassalle
1832	1845	Dominique Erbin called Etchecopar

Abense-de-Haut

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1793	1795	André Etchart
1795	1806	Jean Althabegoity called Oliberou
1806	1810	Arnaud Irigonegaray
1810	1816	Jean-Baptiste Detchandy
1816	1824	Casimir Etchebarne
1824	1848	Jean-Baptiste Detchandy

Until 1859

Alos-Sibas

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1845	1847	Arnaud Sallabert
1847	1859	Jules Basterreche

Abense-de-Haut

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1848	1848	André Etchart
1848	1852	Jean Etchecopar dit Etchahoun
1852	1859	Laurent Maytie

After 1859

Alos-Sibas-Abense

From	To	Name	Party	Position
1859	1871	Jules Basterreche
1871	1875	Arnaud André d'Arthez Lassale
1875	1881	Jules Basterreche
1881	1888	Pierre Arainty
1888	1896	Pierre Arrospidegaray
1896	1900	Jean-Pierre Mendicouague
1900	1904	Arnaud Ibar
1904	1912	Arnaud Cocosteguy
1912	1916	Bernard Larragneguy
1916	1918	Bernard Mondot
1918	1919	Bernard Larragneguy
1919	1929	Jean Iriart
1929	1939	Pierre Marmissole
1939	1940	Joseph Etchart
1940	1951	Pierre Marmissole
1951	1953	Bernard Aguer
1953	1971	Général Pierre Montjean
1971	1983	Pierre Luchillo
1983	2001	Pierre-Clémént Iratçabal
2001	2008	Anne-Marie Etcheberry
2008	2014	Jean-Pierre Iriart

Intercommunality

The town is part of six intercommunal structures:[14]

• the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
• the union to support Basque culture
• SIVOM of the canton of Tardets
• the municipal association for the gaves of Oloron and Mauleon
• SIVU for Tourism in Haute-Soule and Barétous
• the AEP Union for Soule country

Demography

In 2017 the commune had 319 inhabitants. The population data given in the table and graph below for 1836 and earlier refer to the former commune of Alos, and for 1841-1851 to the former commune of Alos-Sibas.

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 188 —     1800 212 +1.73% 1806 218 +0.47% 1821 213 −0.15% 1831 223 +0.46% 1836 223 +0.00% 1841 360 +10.05% 1846 354 −0.34% 1851 316 −2.25% 1856 646 +15.37% 1861 565 −2.64% 1866 505 −2.22% 1872 527 +0.71% 1876 523 −0.19% 1881 538 +0.57% 1886 530 −0.30% 1891 536 +0.23% 1896 511 −0.95%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1901 484 −1.08% 1906 463 −0.88% 1911 453 −0.44% 1921 437 −0.36% 1926 421 −0.74% 1931 415 −0.29% 1936 414 −0.05% 1946 401 −0.32% 1954 352 −1.62% 1962 368 +0.56% 1968 343 −1.17% 1975 361 +0.73% 1982 316 −1.88% 1990 309 −0.28% 1999 319 +0.35% 2007 269 −2.11% 2012 303 +2.41% 2017 319 +1.03%
Source: EHESS[15] and INSEE[16]

Economy

Economic activity is mainly focused on agriculture (livestock and pasture). The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

• Etchandia House, formerly owned by the Etchandy family.
• La Salle d'Abense

Religious heritage

The Church of Abense contains a Processional Cross (15th century) which is registered as an historical object.[17]

Environmental heritage

The common practices Controlled burns[18] for prevention of forest fires.

Facilities

The town has an early childhood hub (Child care centre and a creche) and an Ikastola.

See also

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department

References

External links

• Alos-Sibas-Abense official website (in French)
• Alos-Sibas-Abense personal website (in French)
• Alos-Sibas-Abense on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (in French)
• Alos, Sibas, and Abens on the 1750 Cassini Map

На других языках

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- [en] Alos-Sibas-Abense

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[ru] Алос-Сибас-Абанс

Ало́с-Сиба́с-Аба́нс (фр. Alos-Sibas-Abense) — коммуна во Франции, находится в регионе Новая Аквитания. Департамент — Атлантические Пиренеи. Входит в состав кантона Монтань-Баск. Округ коммуны — Олорон-Сент-Мари.

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