Alpena County (/ælˈpiːnə/al-PEE-nə) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 28,907.[2] The county seat is Alpena.[3] It is considered to be part of Northern Michigan.
Alpena County comprises the Alpena, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area.
History
See also: History of Northern Michigan
The county was created by the Michigan Legislature in 1840 as Anamickee County, then renamed in 1843 to Alpena County,[4] a pseudo-Native American word — a neologism coined by Henry Schoolcraft, meaning "a good partridge country."[1][5][6][7] This was part of a much larger effort to rename a great many of the Michigan counties at the time.[7] It was officially organized in 1857.[1][7]
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,695 square miles (4,390km2), of which 572 square miles (1,480km2) is land and 1,123 square miles (2,910km2) (66%) is water.[8]
Glaciers shaped the area, creating a unique regional ecosystem. A large portion of the area is so-called Grayling outwash plain, consisting of broad outwash plain including sandy ice-disintegration ridges; jack pine barrens, some white pine-red pine forest, and northern hardwood forests. Large lakes were created by glacial action.[11] Some of the inland lakes are truly massive.[12]
US23 serves Alpena on its way along the Lake Huron shoreline. To the north, it passes past Long Lake and Grand Lake, thence to Rogers City, Michigan, through Cheboygan, Michigan, and on to Mackinaw City, Michigan, where it ends and connects to I-75 and the Mackinac Bridge.
M-32 ends its 100-mile (160km) easterly cross-peninsular route from Lake Michigan to Lake Huron within downtown Alpena at an intersection with US 23.
M-65 is a more direct route to the south than US23, which meanders along the lake shore through many villages and towns. M-65 goes north to Rogers City.
U.S. Decennial Census[13] 1790-1960[14] 1900-1990[15] 1990-2000[16] 2010-2018[2]
The 2010 United States Census[17] indicates Alpena County had a 2010 population of 29,598. This is a decrease of -1,716 people from the 2000 United States Census. Overall, the county had a -5.5% growth rate during this ten-year period. In 2010 there were 12,791 households and 8,164 families in the county. The population density was 51.8 per square mile (20.0 square kilometers). There were 16,053 housing units at an average density of 28.1 per square mile (10.8 square kilometers). 97.5% of the population were White, 0.5% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.3% Black or African American, 0.1% of some other race and 1.1% of two or more races. 1.0% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 26.8% were of German, 19.5% Polish, 12.9% French, French Canadian or Cajun, 8.1% English, 6.4% Irish and 5.7% American ancestry.[18]
There were 12,791 households, out of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were husband and wife families, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 36.2% were non-families, and 30.8% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.81.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 20.9% under age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 20.8% from 25 to 44, 31.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.
The 2010 American Community Survey 3-year estimate[17] indicates the median income for a household in the county was $36,242 and the median income for a family was $46,718. Males had a median income of $27,002 versus $15,670 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,713. About 2.5% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.2% of those under the age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.
Religion
Alpena County is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gaylord.[19]
Government
United States presidential election results for Alpena County, Michigan[20]
Year
Republican
Democratic
Third party
No.
%
No.
%
No.
%
2020
10,686
62.91%
6,000
35.32%
301
1.77%
2016
9,090
61.55%
4,877
33.02%
801
5.42%
2012
7,298
51.79%
6,549
46.48%
244
1.73%
2008
7,125
47.11%
7,705
50.95%
294
1.94%
2004
7,665
50.39%
7,407
48.70%
139
0.91%
2000
6,769
47.90%
7,053
49.91%
310
2.19%
1996
4,525
33.54%
7,114
52.73%
1,853
13.73%
1992
4,878
32.37%
6,894
45.75%
3,297
21.88%
1988
6,664
51.05%
6,341
48.58%
49
0.38%
1984
8,212
61.30%
5,136
38.34%
49
0.37%
1980
6,901
49.89%
5,834
42.18%
1,097
7.93%
1976
6,380
49.59%
6,310
49.04%
176
1.37%
1972
6,513
55.05%
5,104
43.14%
214
1.81%
1968
5,717
50.77%
4,788
42.52%
756
6.71%
1964
3,954
34.47%
7,508
65.45%
10
0.09%
1960
6,573
56.41%
5,071
43.52%
9
0.08%
1956
7,142
70.18%
3,033
29.80%
2
0.02%
1952
6,248
66.32%
3,134
33.27%
39
0.41%
1948
4,313
60.30%
2,743
38.35%
96
1.34%
1944
4,453
60.78%
2,856
38.98%
18
0.25%
1940
4,822
57.19%
3,597
42.66%
13
0.15%
1936
3,536
49.97%
3,231
45.66%
309
4.37%
1932
3,222
45.99%
3,562
50.84%
222
3.17%
1928
3,467
63.43%
1,984
36.30%
15
0.27%
1924
4,628
75.78%
948
15.52%
531
8.69%
1920
3,467
63.38%
1,893
34.61%
110
2.01%
1916
2,020
57.93%
1,392
39.92%
75
2.15%
1912
709
19.99%
1,105
31.15%
1,733
48.86%
1908
2,358
68.07%
949
27.40%
157
4.53%
1904
2,498
69.37%
907
25.19%
196
5.44%
1900
2,283
59.34%
1,435
37.30%
129
3.35%
1896
1,777
51.03%
1,665
47.82%
40
1.15%
1892
1,526
49.11%
1,536
49.44%
45
1.45%
1888
1,486
47.14%
1,504
47.72%
162
5.14%
1884
927
43.87%
1,127
53.34%
59
2.79%
The county government operates the jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.
The County operates three parks (and camp grounds) with beaches on local lakes,[21] namely Beaver Lake Park in Lachine;[22]Long Lake Park in Alpena;[23] and Sunken Lake Park in Posen[24]
Alpena Blues Festival, late June at The Alpena Fair Grounds and Merchant Building.[26]
Alpena County Fair, Alpena County Fairgrounds.
Alpena Earth Day Celebration, April 22. Location in Alpena varies. Food, games.[27]
Besser Museum Log Cabin Day, last Sunday in June. Approved by the Michigan legislature passed a bill to make Log Cabin Day an annual event to be held on the last Sunday in June. The Besser Museum for Northeast Michigan spotlights their own two log cabins on this day and celebrates by offering old fashioned, family activities.
Great Lakes Lighthouse Festival, second weekend in October.[28]
Habitat for Humanity-Alpena Area "Drive to Build" Charity Golf Outing
Lafarge Downtown Alpena Riverfest, in mid-June. Family event centered on the Thunder Bay River, celebrating Alpena's lumbering history. Professional lumberjack shows, entertainment, music, storytelling, chainsaw carving, food, and games.
Michigan Brown Trout Festival, a week in mid-July.
Ramblin' Rods Car Show, second weekend in August at Mich-E-Kewis Park, Alpena.[29]
Shelter, Inc. "Garden Walk", nine Gardens, all in Alpena, MI. 49707
Sunrise Side Heritage Bike Ride, Second weekend in September. Ride Along Lake Huron Shoreline (US - 23) to Mackinac Bridge then South to West Branch (M-33).
Thunder Bay Arts Council's "Art on the Bay" at beautiful Bay View Park in Alpena. A Juried Fine Arts and Fine Crafts Fair which coincides with The Michigan Brown Trout Festival. There are over one Hundred and Fifty Artist will fill more than 180 booths with their original artwork.
Thunder Bay Maritime Festival takes place at 500 W. Fletcher Street, Alpena, MI. 49707. It is presented by the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater Preserve.
Youth Sailing Instruction and Training is offered by the Alpena Yacht Club.[30]
Media
The Alpena News[31] is the daily newspaper of record for much of Northeast lower peninsula of Michigan. For a complete list of other media, see Alpena, Michigan.
Romig, Walter (October 1, 1986) [1973]. Michigan Place Names: The History of the Founding and the Naming of More Than Five Thousand Past and Present Michigan Communities. Great Lakes Books Series (Paperback). Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. ISBN081431838X.
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