Luga (Russian: Лу́га; Finnish: Ylä-Laukaa or Laukaa; Votic: Laugaz; Estonian: Luuga) is a town and the administrative center of Luzhsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Luga River 140 kilometers (87mi) south of St.Petersburg. Population: 38,593(2010 Census);[3]40,434(2002 Census);[8]41,769(1989 Census).[9]
It was founded on the banks of the river of that name by order of the Catherine the Great on August3(14), 1777.[2] The town developed in following stages:
Initial construction (1777–c.1800)
Early growth to population of 3,000 (c.1810–c.1860)
Intense social and urban development (c.1870–1910)
Soviet development according to the typical plan for smaller towns (1926–c.1950)
Reconstruction of the historical town structure (c.1960–c.1995)
Transition to free market agro-industrial town (c.1995–2005)
Luga was founded as a town in Pskov Viceroyalty, but in March3(14), 1782 it was transferred to St.Petersburg Governorate[2] (renamed Petrogradsky in 1913 and Leningradsky in 1924) and became the seat of Luzhsky Uyezd. In 1918, important events of the Russian Civil War took place in the area, when the White Army unsuccessfully tried to conquer Petrograd.[2]
On August1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Luzhsky District, with the administrative center in Luga, was established.[10] The governorates were also abolished and the district became a part of Luga Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[11] On July23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On September19, 1939, Luga became a town of oblast significance and was thus no longer a part of the district.[11]
The World War II German advance on Leningrad was temporarily halted by seven regular, militia, and irregular divisions in the Luga area and this delayed the commencement of the Siege of Leningrad by over a month.[12] In recognition of this feat, the town was awarded the title of "Hero City" and listed as one of the World WarII Cities of Military Glory by Vladimir Putin, the President of Russia.[citation needed] German occupation of Luga lasted from August24, 1941 to February12, 1944.[citation needed]
In 2010, the administrative structure of Leningrad Oblast was harmonized with its municipal structure[13] and Luga became a town of district significance.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Luga serves as the administrative center of Luzhsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with four rural localities, incorporated within Luzhsky District as Luzhskoye Settlement Municipal Formation.[1] As a municipal division, Luzhskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Luzhsky Municipal District as Luzhskoye Urban Settlement.[5]
Economy
Industry
Luga Abrasiv Plant - one of the major entriprises of the city
There are enterprises of construction, chemical, and food industries in Luga.[14]
The M20 Highway, connecting St.Petersburg with Pskov and eventually with Kyiv, passes Luga. In Luga, two more roads branch eastwards: one running to Veliky Novgorod and another one to Lyuban and Mga, largely following the border of Leningrad Oblast.
Education
The town has a university (KGU Kirilla and Mefodiya), three Institutes of Technical Education, and six schools.
Luga contains twenty-five objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[16] These include the main sights remaining from the 18th and the 19th century such as the St.Catherine Cathedral (1786) and the Resurrection Cathedral (1872—1877).
The Luzhsky District Museum, the only state museum in the district, is located in Luga.[17]
Twin towns and sister cities
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
Лужский уезд (1917 - август 1927 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on March 11, 2014. Retrieved March 11, 2014.
Лужский район (август 1927 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Archived from the original on March 10, 2014. Retrieved March 10, 2014.
Clark, Alan (2005). Barbarossa: The Russian - German Conflict 1941-1945. London: Cassell. p.114. ISBN978-0-304-35864-9.
Промышленность (in Russian). Официальный сайт администрации Лужского муниципального района. Retrieved February 22, 2013.
Kristensen, Hans M.; Korda, Matt (2021). "Russian nuclear weapons, 2021". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 77 (2): 90–108. doi:10.1080/00963402.2021.1885869. ISSN0096-3402. This could indicate the 9M729 has been added to a fifth brigade: the 26th Missile Brigade outside Luga about 125 km south of St. Petersburg.
Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области.Областной закон№32-озот15 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ленинградской области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Областного закона №23-оз от8 мая 2014 г.«Об объединении муниципальных образований "Приморское городское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и "Глебычевское сельское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные Областные законы». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести", №112, 23 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast.Oblast Law#32-ozofJune15, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Leningrad Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Oblast Law#23-oz ofMay8, 2014 On Merging the Municipal Formations of "Primorskoye Urban Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and "Glebychevskoye Rural Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and on Amending Various Oblast Laws. Effective as ofthe day of the official publication.).
Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области.Областной закон№65-озот28 сентября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Лужский муниципальный район и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Областного закона №17-оз от6 мая 2010 г«О внесении изменений в некоторые областные законы в связи с принятием федерального закона "О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с совершенствованием организации местного самоуправления"». Вступил в силучерез 10дней со дня официального опубликования (1 ноября 2004г.). Опубликован: "Вестник Правительства Ленинградской области", №31, 22 октября 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast.Oblast Law#65-ozofSeptember28, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Luzhsky Municipal District and to the Municipal Formations Comprised By It, as amended by the Oblast Law#17-oz ofMay6, 2010 On Amending Article2 of the Oblast Law "On Establishing the Borders of and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Lodeynopolsky Municipal District and to the Municipal Formations Comprised By It". Effective as ofafter 10days from the day of the official publication (November1 2004).).
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