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Tuapse (Russian: Туапсе́; Adyghe: Тӏуапсэ [tʷʼapsə]) is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, situated on the northeast shore of the Black Sea, south of Gelendzhik and north of Sochi. Population: 63,292 (2010 Census);[6] 64,238 (2002 Census);[13] 63,081 (1989 Census).[14]

Tuapse Туапсе
Town[1]
Black Sea coast near Tuapse in November
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Tuapse
Tuapse Location of Tuapse Show map of Krasnodar Krai Tuapse Tuapse (European Russia) Show map of European Russia Tuapse Tuapse (Black Sea) Show map of Black Sea
Coordinates: 44°06′16″N 39°04′38″E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Krasnodar Krai[1]
Founded	1864[2]
Town status since	ca. 1896[2]
Government
• Body	Council[3]
• Head[4]	Alexander Chekhov[5]
Elevation	45 m (148 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[6]
• Total	63,292
• Estimate  (2018)[7]	62,269 (−1.6%)
• Rank	250th in 2010
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Town of Tuapse[1]
• Capital of	Town of Tuapse[1], Tuapsinsky District[1]
Municipal status
• Municipal district	Tuapsinsky Municipal District[8]
• Urban settlement	Tuapsinskoye Urban Settlement[8]
• Capital of	Tuapsinsky Municipal District[8], Tuapsinskoye Urban Settlement[8]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [9])
Postal code(s)[10]	352800–352803, 352808, 352859
Dialing code(s)	+7 86167[11]
OKTMO ID	03655101001
Town Day	First Sunday of July[12]
Website	adm.tuapse.ru

Tuapse is a sea port and the northern center of a resort zone which extends south to Sochi.

History

This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2017)

Early history

Tuapse was a large center (native land) for the Shapsugs tribe[15] along other areas in Circassia, with about 10,000 speakers of the language living in Tuapse currently. The name of the town is itself Adyghe (literally meaning "two waters")[16] since Tuapse was part of historical Circassia and it became a part of Russia during the rule of Tsar Alexander I in 1801-1825.^{[citation needed]}

Modern history

The modern settlement dates back to 1838, when the Russian fort of Velyaminovsky was established in the area after this region became a part of Russia in 1829 by Treaty of Adrianople.[2] During the Crimean War, the Ottomans seized the fort and held it for two years (1857–1859). The village of Velyaminovskoye (Вельяминовское) was established here in 1864; it is the village that later became Tuapse.[2] Town status was granted to Tuapse in 1896.[2] During the Russian Empire, the town was the administrative capital of the Tuapsinsky Okrug.

The Soviets developed Tuapse as an oil terminal and depot. An oil pipeline from Grozny and Maykop was in operation by 1928, designed by Vladimir Shukhov. An oil refinery dates from the same period. No later than 1941, Tuapse's status was changed to that of a town of the krai subordination.[2]

During World War II, the German military attempted to seize the town during the Battle of the Caucasus, which caused major damage to Tuapse. The Germans took the port and reached the hills above. The port was involved with massacres related to the Katyn massacre.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tuapse serves as the administrative center of Tuapsinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Tuapse—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the Town of Tuapse is incorporated within Tuapsinsky Municipal District as Tuapsinskoye Urban Settlement.[8]

Climate

Tuapse has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa).[17] Tuapse has warm to hot summers and cool winters with frequent rainfall year round.

Average Sea Temperature (1977-2006).[19]

Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Average temperature	8.9 °C	8.0 °C	8.7 °C	11.0 °C	15.2 °C	19.5 °C	23.7 °C	25.0 °C	22.4 °C	18.8 °C	14.2 °C	10.7. °C

Transport

Tuapse is one of the key transport hubs of the Black Sea coast of the Russian Federation. The city's location determines its key importance to ensure a ground connection with the Spa capital of the country — the city of Sochi, and also makes an important item in the export commodities of the country (oil, fertilizer, coal, etc.).

There is a railway station in Tuapse.

Miscellaneous

The Russian Children Center Orlyonok (former All-Russian SFSR Young Pioneer camp) is located there. The world chess champion Vladimir Kramnik and 2005 Miss Universe winner, Natalie Glebova, were born in Tuapse.

Twin towns and sister cities

Tuapse is twinned with:

• Agen, France[20]

References

Notes

Sources

• Управление по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Администрации Краснодарского края. Справочная информация №34.01-707/13-03 от 23 мая 2013 г. «Реестр административно-территориальных единиц Краснодарского края». (Department of Cooperation with the Organs of the Local Self-Government of the Administration of Krasnodar Krai. Reference Information #34.01-707/13-03 of May 23, 2013 Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Krasnodar Krai. ).
• Законодательное Собрание Краснодарского края. Закон №745-КЗ от 2 июля 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования Туапсинский район, наделении его статусом муниципального района, образовании в его составе муниципальных образований — городских и сельских поселений — и установлении их границ», в ред. Закона №1756-КЗ от 3 июня 2009 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Краснодарского края об установлении границ муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Кубанские новости", №114, 17 июля 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnodar Krai. Law #745-KZ of July 2, 2004 On the Establishment of the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Tuapsinsky District, on Granting It the Status of a Municipal District, on the Establishment of the Municipal Formations—Urban and Rural Settlements—Within Its Structure and on the Establishment of Their Borders, as amended by the Law #1756-KZ of June 3, 2009 On Amending Several Legislative Acts of Krasnodar Krai on the Establishment of the Borders of the Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Совет муниципального образования город Туапсе. Решение №41.1 от 17 января 2008 г. «Устав муниципального образования город Туапсе». Вступил в силу после официального опубликования, за исключением отдельных положений, для которых предусмотрены иные сроки вступления в силу. (Council of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Tuapse. Decision #41.1 of January 17, 2008 Charter of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Tuapse. Effective as of after the official publication, with the exception of certain clauses for which other dates of taking effect are specified.).

External links

• Official website of Tuapse Archived March 31, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
• Unofficial website of Tuapse (in Russian)

На других языках

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[de] Tuapse

Tuapse (russisch Туапсе́; adygeisch ТӀуапсы) ist eine russische Kreisstadt mit 63.292 Einwohnern (Stand 14. Oktober 2010)[1] in der Region Krasnodar.

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- [en] Tuapse

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[ru] Туапсе

Туапсе́ (адыг. тӏуапсы — «две реки, междуречье») — город в Краснодарском крае Российской Федерации. Крупный порт на побережье Чёрного моря. Город Воинской славы (2008 г.).

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