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Dorbod (Siziwang) Banner (Mongolian: ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ Dörbed qosiɣu, Дөрвөд хошуу, Dörwöd hoşú; Chinese: 四子王旗; pinyin: Sìzǐwáng Qí) is a banner (county equivalent) in Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, China,[1] bordering Mongolia's Dornogovi Province to the northwest. It is located about 80 km (50 mi) north of Hohhot, the capital of Inner Mongolia.

Dorbod Banner 四子王旗 · ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
Banner
Dorbod in Ulanqab
Ulanqab in Inner Mongolia
Coordinates: 41°31′59″N 111°42′24″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Inner Mongolia
Prefecture-level city	Ulanqab
Area
• Total	25,513 km2 (9,851 sq mi)
Population  (2020)
• Total	129,372
• Density	5.1/km2 (13/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)

The banner spans 25,513 square kilometres (9,851 sq mi), and has a population of 129,372 as of 2020.[2] Its seat of government is located in Wulanhua.[3]

Toponymy

The Chinese name for the banner siziwang, literally "four princes", derives from the area's historic rule by four brothers.[2] The Mongolian name for the banner dorbed means "of four".^{[citation needed]}

History

The area of Dorbod Banner was ruled by four Mongol brothers, Sengge (Chinese: 僧格), Suonuobu (Chinese: 索諾布), Emubu (Chinese: 鄂木布) and Yi'erzhamu (Chinese: 伊爾扎木), who were descendants of Hasar, a brother of Genghis Khan.^{[citation needed]} They led their tribe in participating in the Manchu Qing Dynasty's conquest of Ming China in the early 17th century.^{[citation needed]} In recognition of their service, the Qing court made Emubu the Duoluo Commandery Prince (Chinese: 多羅郡王) in 1649 and settled their tribe in the area of modern Siziwang Banner.^{[citation needed]} The title was hereditary and passed through fourteen of his descendants before the Communist Party of China abolished all hereditary titles in Inner Mongolia in 1949.^{[citation needed]} The last prince, Sudanamuchaogeji (Chinese: 蘇達那木朝格吉), died as a private citizen in 1957.^{[citation needed]} There is a sculpture of the four original princes in Wulanhua, erected in 2003.

Geography

To its east lies Sonid Right Banner, Qahar Right Rear Banner, and Qahar Right Middle Banner.[3] To its south lies Wuchuan County and Zhuozi County.[3] To its west lies Darhan Muminggan United Banner.[3] Its north is formed by a 104 kilometres (65 mi) border with Mongolia.[3]

Its seat of government, the town of Wulanhua, is located 105 kilometres (65 mi) away from Hohhot, and 270 kilometres (170 mi) away from Erlianhot.[3]

The banner is located along the northern foothills of the Yin Mountains, and has an average elevation of 1,400 metres (4,600 ft).[3] Most of the banner's area is grassland.[3]

Climate

The banner experiences an average of 250 millimetres (9.8 in) to 300 millimetres (12 in) of precipitation annually.[3] Its average annual temperature is 3 °C (37 °F).[3]

Administrative divisions

Dorbod Banner is divided into five towns, three townships, five sums, and one other township-level division.[4]

The banner's five towns are Wulanhua, Jishengtai [zh], Kuluntu [zh], Gongjitang [zh], and Baiyinchaoketu [zh].[4]

The banner's three townships are Dongbahao Township [zh], Hujitu Township [zh], and Daheihe Township [zh].[4]

The banner's five sums are Honggor Sum, Jiang'an Sum [zh], Chaganbulige Sum [zh], Naomugeng Sum [zh], and Bayin'aobao Sumu [zh].[4]

The banner is also home to Wulan Ranch [zh].[4]

Demographics

As of 2009, the banner is home to 216,990 people, up from the 180,568 reported in the 2000 Census.[2]

The banner's ethnic minorities include 18,902 Mongols (8.71% of the total population), 1,086 Manchus (0.50%), and 837 Hui people (0.39%).[2]

Economy

Mineral deposits in the banner include gold, copper, nickel, manganese, fluorite, gypsum, coal, and thenardite.[3]

Spacecraft landing site

The banner served as the landing sites for China's Shenzhou program.[5]

A pasture known as Amugulang, located in Honggor Sum, about 60 km (37 mi) north of Wulanhua, served as the landing site for the Shenzhou-6 spacecraft.[6] A specially constructed 64.69 km (40.20 mi) road runs from Wulanhua to Honggor to aid the recovery of the Shenzhou spacecraft, and to boost the local economy.[6] This road shortened the journey between the two towns from two hours to just 40 minutes.[6]

Chinese space program recovery teams (with SUV and recovery trucks) track the progress of re-entry near the landing site and arrive shortly after landing.[7]

A small recovery trucks fitted with a crane lifts the capsule and places it on the rear of the truck for transportation back to the space centre.^{[citation needed]}

Since the final landing of Shenzhou 11 in Dorbod Banner in 2016, new facilities have been built to hasten the retrieval process for various spacecraft.^{[citation needed]}

In December 2020, the Chang'e 5 spacecraft landed in Dorbod Banner following a successful collection of Moon rocks.[5]

See also

• Chinese space program

Notes

References

Citations

News

• "Primary landing site ready to greet taikonauts back". Xinhua News Agency. 2005-10-14. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011.

На других языках

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- [en] Dorbod Banner

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[ru] Сыцзыван

Хошун Сыцзыва́н (кит. упр. 四子王旗, пиньинь Sìzǐwáng qí) — хошун городского округа Уланчаб автономного района Внутренняя Монголия (КНР). Название хошуна в переводе с китайского означает «Четыре княжича».

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