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Ellis County (county code EL) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 28,934.[1] Its county seat and most populous city is Hays.[2]

Ellis County
County
Ellis County Courthouse in Hays (1979)
Location within the U.S. state of Kansas
Kansas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates:
Country	United States
State	Kansas
Founded	1867
Named for	George Ellis
Seat	Hays
Largest city	Hays
Area
• Total	900 sq mi (2,000 km2)
• Land	899 sq mi (2,330 km2)
• Water	0.5 sq mi (1 km2)  0.05%%
Population  (2020)[1]
• Total	28,934
• Density	32.2/sq mi (12.4/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Area code	785
Congressional district	1st
Website	ellisco.net

Ellis County is the official German Capital of Kansas. German immigrants settled in Hays, Ellis, Victoria, and nearby villages in the 1870s and 1880s.[3]

History

Early history

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century

In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. Ellis County was founded on February 26, 1867.[4][5] It is named for George Ellis, first lieutenant of the Twelfth Kansas Infantry.[6]

20th century

In 1942, the Walker Army Airfield was built northwest of Walker. Thousands were stationed at the airfield for training of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress during World War II. The airfield was abandoned and most of it razed.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 900 square miles (2,300 km²), of which 900 square miles (2,300 km²) is land and 0.5 square miles (1.3 km²) (0.05%) is water.[7]

Adjacent counties

• Rooks County (north)
• Osborne County (northeast)
• Russell County (east)
• Rush County (south)
• Ness County (southwest)
• Trego County (west)

Major highways

• Interstate 70
• US-183

Airport

Hays Regional Airport is located within the county. Used primarily for general aviation, it hosts one commercial airline United Express, which offers daily jet service to Denver, Colorado.

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1870	1,336		—
1880	6,179		362.5%
1890	7,942		28.5%
1900	8,626		8.6%
1910	12,170		41.1%
1920	14,138		16.2%
1930	15,907		12.5%
1940	17,508		10.1%
1950	19,043		8.8%
1960	21,270		11.7%
1970	24,730		16.3%
1980	26,098		5.5%
1990	26,004		−0.4%
2000	27,507		5.8%
2010	28,452		3.4%
2020	28,934		1.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[8] 1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10] 1990-2000[11] 2010-2020[1]

The Hays Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Ellis County.

As of the 2000,[12] there were 27,507 people, 11,193 households, and 6,771 families residing in the county. The population density was 31 people per square mile (12/km²). There were 12,078 housing units at an average density of 13 per square mile (5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.10% White, 0.67% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.82% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.31% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.37% of the population.

There were 11,193 households, out of which 28.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.00% were married couples living together, 7.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.50% were non-families. 30.10% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.40% under the age of 18, 18.40% from 18 to 24, 25.20% from 25 to 44, 19.60% from 45 to 64, and 14.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 95.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,339, and the median income for a family was $44,498. Males had a median income of $29,885 versus $21,269 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,259. About 6.50% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.20% of those under age 18 and 10.00% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Presidential elections

United States presidential election results for Ellis County, Kansas[13]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	9,758	70.42%	3,737	26.97%	361	2.61%
2016	8,466	70.86%	2,742	22.95%	739	6.19%
2012	8,399	71.70%	3,057	26.10%	258	2.20%
2008	8,207	65.94%	4,010	32.22%	230	1.85%
2004	7,891	64.75%	4,033	33.09%	263	2.16%
2000	6,516	58.39%	3,926	35.18%	718	6.43%
1996	6,809	56.97%	4,142	34.66%	1,001	8.38%
1992	3,985	32.00%	4,544	36.49%	3,924	31.51%
1988	5,194	48.67%	5,289	49.56%	189	1.77%
1984	7,509	67.65%	3,457	31.15%	133	1.20%
1980	5,634	52.54%	3,940	36.74%	1,150	10.72%
1976	4,719	41.98%	6,280	55.87%	241	2.14%
1972	5,463	55.67%	4,113	41.91%	237	2.42%
1968	3,944	46.72%	3,809	45.12%	688	8.15%
1964	2,440	30.42%	5,553	69.24%	27	0.34%
1960	3,156	35.16%	5,815	64.78%	6	0.07%
1956	4,466	59.33%	3,058	40.62%	4	0.05%
1952	4,882	65.86%	2,528	34.10%	3	0.04%
1948	2,676	40.51%	3,863	58.48%	67	1.01%
1944	3,369	60.13%	2,218	39.59%	16	0.29%
1940	3,622	52.15%	3,299	47.49%	25	0.36%
1936	1,622	25.07%	4,834	74.73%	13	0.20%
1932	1,465	24.54%	4,449	74.52%	56	0.94%
1928	1,700	33.50%	3,364	66.29%	11	0.22%
1924	1,763	46.37%	842	22.15%	1,197	31.48%
1920	2,385	75.17%	740	23.32%	48	1.51%
1916	1,186	32.87%	2,335	64.72%	87	2.41%
1912	175	8.22%	1,381	64.87%	573	26.91%
1908	768	34.50%	1,421	63.84%	37	1.66%
1904	1,009	51.06%	928	46.96%	39	1.97%
1900	627	33.55%	1,228	65.70%	14	0.75%
1896	460	30.01%	1,051	68.56%	22	1.44%
1892	546	33.52%	0	0.00%	1,083	66.48%
1888	690	44.43%	756	48.68%	107	6.89%

Ellis County is an anomaly in western Kansas, having voted several times for Democratic presidential candidates, even when the vast majority of the state's 105 counties went for the Republican nominee. This is due to the county's distinctive (in Kansas) German Catholic heritage, contrasting with the Southern “Bible Belt” or Yankee heritage of most rural Kansas counties. It was the solitary county in Kansas to support Catholic Al Smith over Herbert Hoover in 1928, when Kansas was Hoover's strongest state nationwide, and also was won by John F. Kennedy in 1960 by almost thirty percent as one of only two Kansas counties to back the Massachusetts Senator. Ellis County bucked the national and statewide trend by voting for Michael Dukakis over winner George H.W. Bush in the 1988 presidential election, one of only three Kansas counties to go for Dukakis. Ellis County gave a plurality to Bill Clinton over Bush and Ross Perot in the 1992 presidential election, but has been solidly in the Republican column since, giving 66 percent to Republican John McCain to 32 percent for Democrat Barack Obama in the 2008 election, higher than the 57 percent McCain won statewide.[14]

Laws

Wild Bill Hickok served as sheriff in 1870. Ellis County was a prohibition, or "dry", county until the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 and voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement. The food sales requirement was removed with voter approval in 1988.[15]

Education

Unified school districts

• Ellis USD 388
  • western third of county; small portion in extreme eastern Trego County
• Victoria USD 432
  • eastern third of county to Russell county line
• Hays USD 489
  • extends to Rooks and Rush county lines and approximately five miles each way on I-70 from city center

Private schools

• Holy Family Elementary in Hays
• St. Mary's Elementary in Ellis
• Thomas More Prep-Marian High in Hays

Universities and Colleges

• Fort Hays State University
• North Central Kansas Technical College

Communities

Cities

• Ellis
• Hays
• Schoenchen
• Victoria

Census-designated places

• Catharine
• Munjor

Other unincorporated places

Defunct settlements

• Chetolah
• Hog Back
• Rome
• Smoky Hill City
• Stockrange

Townships

Ellis County is divided into nine townships. The cities of Ellis and Hays are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Township	FIPS	Population center	Population	Population density /km2 (/sq mi)	Land area km2 (sq mi)	Water area km2 (sq mi)	Water %	Geographic coordinates
Big Creek	06650		1,798	7 (18)	252 (97)	0 (0)	0.01%	38°52′40″N 99°20′39″W
Buckeye	08950		285	1 (2)	352 (136)	0 (0)	0.06%	39°1′24″N 99°18′25″W
Catherine	11050		318	2 (4)	208 (80)	0 (0)	0.03%	39°0′32″N 99°11′44″W
Ellis	20475		386	1 (2)	457 (176)	0 (0)	0.02%	38°58′47″N 99°30′57″W
Freedom	24625		125	1 (3)	117 (45)	0 (0)	0%	38°43′48″N 99°7′36″W
Herzog	31525		894	3 (7)	325 (126)	1 (0)	0.18%	38°55′29″N 99°7′19″W
Lookout	42700		569	2 (5)	317 (122)	0 (0)	0.10%	38°45′43″N 99°25′12″W
Victoria	73800		845	6 (16)	139 (54)	0 (0)	0%	38°49′56″N 99°8′31″W
Wheatland	77650		401	3 (7)	140 (54)	0 (0)	0%	38°46′45″N 99°16′19″W
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on August 2, 2002.

Gallery

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See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Ellis County, Kansas
• Walker Army Airfield, an abandoned World War II airfield.

References

Further reading

• Standard Atlas of Ellis County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 71 pages; 1922.
• Standard Atlas of Ellis County, Kansas; Geo. A. Ogle & Co; 58 pages; 1905.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ellis County, Kansas.

County

• Ellis County - Official
• Ellis County - Directory of Public Officials

Maps

• Ellis County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
• Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
• Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society

На других языках

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[de] Ellis County (Kansas)

Ellis County[1] ist ein County im US-Bundesstaat Kansas der Vereinigten Staaten. Der Verwaltungssitz (County Seat) ist Hays.

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- [en] Ellis County, Kansas

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[ru] Эллис (округ, Канзас)

Округ Эллис (англ. Ellis County; стандартное обозначение EL) располагается в штате Канзас, США. Официально образован в 1867 году. По состоянию на 2010 год, численность населения составляла 28 452 человека.

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