world.wikisort.org - Turkey

Bingöl (Zazaki: Çolig;[3] Kurdish: Çewlik;[4] Armenian: Ճապաղջուր, romanized: Chapaghjur) is a city in Eastern Turkey and the capital of Bingöl Province.

Bingöl
Municipality
Bingöl
Coordinates: 38°53′10″N 40°30′6″E
Country	Turkey
Province	Bingöl
Government
• Mayor	Erdal Arıkan (AKP)
Area [1]
• District	1,789.86 km2 (691.07 sq mi)
Elevation	1,120 m (3,690 ft)
Population  (2012)[2]
• Urban	98,424
• District	142,455
• District density	80/km2 (210/sq mi)
Website	www.bingol.gov.tr

Etymology

One of the historical names for the city, Bingöl literally means thousand lakes in Turkish; however, there aren't any lakes of considerable size within the boundaries of the province. The name rather refers to many tarns found around the city.[5][6]

History

Bingöl is located in what was historically the region of Sophene (first an independent kingdom and later an Armenian and Roman province).[7] The settlement is mentioned by its Armenian name, Chapaghjur (meaning "spread out water" in Armenian), by the 11th-century Armenian historian Stepanos Asoghik, who mentions it while describing the 995 Balu earthquake.[7] Chapaghjur is sometimes identified with the Roman fortress-town of Citharizum (Ktʻaṛich in Armenian).[7]

In the Middle Ages, Bingöl was known as Romanoupolis (Greek: Ῥωμανούπολις) after the Byzantine emperor Romanos I Lekapenos, who incorporated it permanently into the Byzantine Empire in 942. It initially formed a subdivision of the thema of Mesopotamia, but it was later (ca. 970) elevated into a separate theme.[8]

Bingöl was ruled by the Suwaydid dynasty, a cadet branch of the Barmakids, from the 13th century until mid-Ottoman rule, autonomously from the Ottomans.[9] Bingöl and the surrounding district had a large Armenian population prior to the Armenian genocide.[7] Until the middle of the 20th century, the city was known as Çapakçur/Çabakçur, derived from its Armenian name.[10][11] The place was then renamed Bingöl, meaning "thousand lakes" in Turkish.

Kurdish-Turkish conflict

Bingöl has been the site of several violent incidents of the Kurdish-Turkish conflict. On 23 October 2016, a car bombing targeting an armored police vehicle perpetrated by PKK militias killed 2 police officers and injured 19 others.[12] On 8 June 2018, a group of PKK militias attacked a military station and killed 1 Turkish soldier while injuring 3 others.[13]

Geography

Bingöl is 144 kilometres (89 mi) east of Elazığ and is situated in the high region of Eastern Anatolia. Bingöl is a mountainous area with heights reaching 3000 m, Bingöl city is at about 1120 m above sea level.[14] The Gayt River (Gayt Çayı), a right-bank tributary of the Eastern Euphrates (Murat River), runs through the city.

Earthquakes

On 1 May 2003 the whole area suffered from a magnitude 6.4 earthquake, leaving 176 dead and 520 injured.[15] On 8 March 2010, the area suffered another earthquake, of magnitude 5.9, with its epicenter in Elazığ Province, 45 km (28 mi) west of Bingöl. On 14 June 2020, a relatively small earthquake occurred in the region, killing a village guard and injuring 21 others.[16]

Population

Year	Total	Urban	Rural
1965[17]	43.883	11.727	32.156
1970[18]	53.808	17.220	36.588
1975[19]	64.810	22.047	42.763
1980[20]	75.520	28.146	47.374
1985[21]	86.988	34.024	52.964
1990[22]	95.445	41.590	53.855
2000[23]	116.411	68.876	47.535
2007[24]	129.885	86.511	43.374
2008[25]	131.666	86.113	45.553
2009[26]	134.854	89.224	45.630
2011[27]	140.753	95.669	45.084
2012[28]	142.455	98.424	44.031
2013[29]	143.624	99.260	44.364
2014[30]	147.087	103.441	43.646
2015[31]	150.626	108.267	42.359
2016[32]	153.011	77.725	75.286

Transport

Bingöl Airport opened on 12 July 2013. It has a passenger capacity of 500'000 a year.

Education

Bingöl University opened on 29 May 2007.[33] The University continues its activities with 9 faculties, 6 vocational schools and 5 institutes.

Climate

Bingöl has a continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dsa, or Trewartha climate classification: Dca), with hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. The driest months are July and August and the wettest is February and December.

References

На других языках

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[de] Bingöl

Bingöl (kurdisch Çewlig, zazaisch Çolig, armenisch Ճապաղջուր .mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}Tschapaghdschur) ist eine Stadt in der Türkei und gleichzeitig Provinzhauptstadt der gleichnamigen Provinz Bingöl. Der Name des Landkreises lautet ebenfalls Bingöl. Die Stadt liegt in einer Ebene am Bach Sağyer, der über den Murat in den Euphrat fließt. Der Landkreis ist hinsichtlich Fläche (ca. 23 %) und Einwohnerzahl (58,8 %) der größte der Provinz. Zudem ist es der einzige Landkreis, der in der Bevölkerungsdichte (91,4 Einw. pro km²) über dem Provinzdurchschnitt liegt.

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- [en] Bingöl

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[ru] Бингёль

Бингёль (тур. Bingöl, курд. Çewlik, ю.-заз. Çolig, арм. Ճապաղջուր/Чапагджур) — город в Турции, столица одноимённого ила. Находится в бассейне реки Мурат (арм.Արածանի-Арацани) на берегу её правого притока — реки Гюнек, в армянском языке одноимённой городу[1].

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