Volgograd Oblast (Russian: Волгогра́дская о́бласть, Volgogradskaya oblast) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia, located in the Volga region of Southern Russia. Its administrative center is Volgograd. The population of the oblast was2,610,161 in the 2010 Census.[7]
Formerly known as Stalingrad Oblast, it was given its present name in 1961, when the city of Stalingrad was renamed Volgograd as part of de-Stalinization. Volgograd Oblast borders Rostov Oblast in the southwest, Voronezh Oblast in the northwest, Saratov Oblast in the north, Astrakhan Oblast and the Republic of Kalmykia in the southeast, and has an international border with Kazakhstan in the east. The two main rivers in European Russia, the Don and the Volga, run through the oblast and are connected by the Volga–Don Canal. Volgograd Oblast's strategic waterways have made it a popular route for shipping and for the generation of hydroelectricity.
Volgograd Oblast was the primary site of the Battle of Stalingrad during World War II, often regarded as one of the single largest and the bloodiest battles in the history of warfare.[11]
Geography
Borders length: 2,221.9 kilometers (1,380.6mi)
Volgograd Oblast borders with Saratov, Rostov, Astrakhan, and Voronezh Oblasts, as well as with Kalmykia of Russia and with Kazakhstan (West Kazakhstan Region).
Most of Volgograd oblast is located in the Pontic–Caspian steppe. The Yergeni hills are located to the southeast. Forests cover 4% of the territory.
The major rivers are:
The Volga River
The Don River
The Medveditsa River
The Khopyor River
History
Stalingrad Oblast (Сталинградская область) was established on December5, 1936 on the territory of former Stalingrad Krai.[12] The oblast was given its present name on November10, 1961.[12]
Administrative divisions
Main article: Administrative divisions of Volgograd Oblast
Politics
Building of the Oblast Duma and Oblast Government
During the Soviet period, three people exercised oblast-level authority:
the first secretary of the Volgograd CPSU Committee (who in reality had the most power)
the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power)
the chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power)
In 1991 the CPSU lost de facto power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside elected regional parliament.
The Charter of Volgograd Oblast provides the fundamental law of the region. The Legislative Assembly of Volgograd Oblast is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The Legislative Assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body, the Oblast Government, includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day-to-day matters of the province. The Oblast administration supports the activities of the Governor, who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the oblast Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia.
Demographics
Life expectancy at birth in Volgograd Oblast
The population of the oblast was 2,610,161 according to the 2010 Russian census,[7] 2,699,223 in the 2002 Russian census,[13] and 2,593,944 in the 1989 Soviet census.[14] In 2012, there were 30,252 births (11.7 per 1000) and 35,021 deaths (13.5 per 1000).[15] The total fertility rate was 1.46[clarification needed] in 2009, rising to 1.57 by 2016.[16]
44,541 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[19]
Religion
Religion in Oblast Krai as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)[20][21]
Russian Orthodoxy
54.5%
Other Orthodox
2.2%
Other Christians
4.1%
Islam
3.5%
Spiritual but not religious
18.4%
Atheism and irreligion
12.1%
Other and undeclared
5.2%
According to a 2012 survey[20] 54.5% of the population of Volgograd Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 4% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 2% are Eastern Orthodox Christian believers who don't belong to any church or are members of non-Russian Eastern Orthodox churches, 3% are Muslims. In addition, 18% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 12% is atheist, and 6.5% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.[20]
Government
Governor of Volgograd Oblast is Anatoliy Brovko (since 2010)
Both the flag and the coat of arms of Volgograd Oblast include an image of The Motherland Calls, an 85 meter tall statue located in Volgograd.
Economy
See also: Category:Companies based in Volgograd Oblast
Primary branches of economics are agriculture, food production, heavy industry, gas and petroleum refining. The Volga Hydroelectric Station operates on the Volga River.
The largest companies in the region include Volzhsky Pipe Plant, Volgogradenergosbyt (a local electric power distribution company), OJSC Kaustik (caustic soda manufacturer), Volzhsky Orgsintez (a chemical plant).[22]
See also
List of Chairmen of the Volgograd Oblast Duma
Volgograd floating landing
References
Notes
Президент Российской Федерации.Указ№849от13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No.20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation.Decree#849ofMay 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as ofMay 13, 2000.).
Госстандарт Российской Федерации.№ОК 024-9527 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2.Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation.#OK 024-95December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2.Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment#5/2001 OKER. ).
Charter of Volgograd Oblast, Article41
Charter of Volgograd Oblast, Article7
Official website of Volgograd Oblast. Andrey Ivanovich Bocharov, Acting Governor of Volgograd Oblast (in Russian)
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
"Демографический ежегодник России"[The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat). Retrieved June 28, 2022.
Волгоградская областная Дума.№1-ОД24 февраля 2012 г. «Устав Волгоградской области», в ред. Закона №90-ОД от10 июля 2015 г.«О внесении изменений в статью2 Устава Волгоградской области от 24февраля 2012г. №1-ОД». Вступил в силупо истечении десяти дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волгоградская правда", №35, 29 февраля 2012 г. (Volgograd Oblast Duma.#1-ODFebruary24, 2012 Charter of Volgograd Oblast, as amended by the Law#90-OD ofJuly10, 2015 On Amending Article2 of the Charter of Volgograd Oblast #1-OD of February24, 2012. Effective as ofthe day which is ten days after the day of the official publication.).
Исполнительный комитет Волгоградского областного Совета депутатов трудящихся. "Волгоградская область. Административно-территориальное деление на 1июля 1968года" (Volgograd Oblast. Administrative-Territorial Structure as of July1, 1968). Нижне-Волжское книжное издательство. Волгоград, 1969.
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