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Mytishchi (Russian: Мыти́щи, IPA: [mɨˈtʲiɕːɪ]) is a city and the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, which lies 19 km northeast of Russia's capital Moscow on the Yauza River and the Moscow–Yaroslavl railway. The city was an important waypoint for traders on the Yauza River, the Yaroslavl Highway passes through the city. Mytishchi is famous for its aqueduct, built in 1804, the first water supply pipeline to supply the growing population of Moscow. The city has a population of approximately 262,702 people as of 2022.[2]

Mytishchi
Мытищи
Town[1]
Voloshinoy Street in Mytishchi
Location of Mytishchi
Mytishchi
Location of Mytishchi
Mytishchi
Mytishchi (Moscow Oblast)
Coordinates: 55°55′N 37°46′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectMoscow Oblast[1]
Administrative districtMytishchinsky District[1]
CityMytishchi[1]
Known since1460
Town status since1925
Government
  BodyCouncil of Deputies
  HeadYulia Kupetskaya
Elevation
150 m (490 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)[2]
  Total173,160
  Estimate 
(2018)[3]
211,606 (+22.2%)
  Rank105th in 2010
Administrative status
  Capital ofMytishchinsky District[1], Town of Mytishchi[1]
Municipal status
  Municipal districtMytishchinsky Municipal District[4]
  Urban settlementMytishchi Urban Settlement[4]
  Capital ofMytishchinsky Municipal District[4], Mytishchi Urban Settlement[4]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK [5])
Postal code(s)[6]
141000–141002, 141004–141011, 141013–141018, 141020, 141021, 141023–141029, 141037–141043, 141045–141050, 141053, 141056–141059, 141101–141132, 141941–141945, 994003–994005
Dialing code(s)+7 495
OKTMO ID46746000001
Town DayOne of the Sundays in September
Websitewww.mytischi-city.ru

Climate


Mytishchi has a humid continental climate, which is the same as Moscow but usually a few degrees colder due to significantly lesser impact of urban heat island. The city features long, cold winters (with temperatures as low as −25 °C (−13 °F) to −30 °C (−22 °F) occurring every winter and a record low of −43 °C (−45 °F)), and short, warm-hot summers (with a record high of 38 °C (100 °F) and temperatures reaching 30 °C (86 °F) every summer). For example, the January daily mean is −10 °C (14 °F), with the average maximum of −7 °C (19 °F) and average minimum of −13 °C (9 °F). July's daily mean temperature, on the other hand, is 19 °C (66 °F), with its average maximum being 24 °C (75 °F) and its average minimum being 14 °C (57 °F).

Climate data for Mytishchi
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −7
(19)
−6
(21)
1.0
(33.8)
11.0
(51.8)
18.0
(64.4)
21.0
(69.8)
24.0
(75.2)
20.0
(68.0)
15.0
(59.0)
7.0
(44.6)
0.0
(32.0)
−5
(23)
8.3
(46.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −10
(14)
−9
(16)
−4
(25)
6.0
(42.8)
13.0
(55.4)
17.0
(62.6)
19.0
(66.2)
16.0
(60.8)
11.0
(51.8)
4.0
(39.2)
−2
(28)
−8
(18)
4.4
(40.0)
Average low °C (°F) −13
(9)
−12
(10)
−9
(16)
1.0
(33.8)
8.0
(46.4)
13.0
(55.4)
14.0
(57.2)
12.0
(53.6)
7.0
(44.6)
1.0
(33.8)
−4
(25)
−11
(12)
0.6
(33.1)
Source: Climate and ecology of Mytishchi[7]

History


The first settlement of ancient hunters and fishermen in this location dates back to the 6th–8th millennia BCE, i.e., in the late Stone Age. In the 8th–9th centuries, first Slavic tribes (Vyatichi and Krivichs) began settling here. In and around Mytishchinsky District about a dozen of such settlements from the 11th–13th centuries have been discovered.

The modern settlement has been known as the village Mystiche since 1460, and Bolshiye Mytishchi (Большие Мытищи)[8] since the 19th century. The name comes from the so-called mytnaya (or "myta") duty that was levied on merchants hauling ships (by wheels, rollers or skids) between the Yauza and Klyazma Rivers, collected at the place now known as Yauza mytishche. The word "Mytische" is a portmanteau of myt (мыта) and a place where there was a residential building with a kiln and a hearth.

In 1804, the Mytishchi-Moscow aqueduct was built by order of Catherine the Great. It was the first water supply constructed in Russia to provide the Kremlin with pure water.

The first enterprises were organized in Mytischi in the middle of the 19th Century. Mytischi station, on the Moscow-Yaroslavl railway, opened in 1861, SI Mamontov's car building plant opened in 1896, and Viskova, Russia's first artificial silk company, began work in 1908. Mytischi and its district became a popular summer retreat for Russian holidaymakers from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, .

Mytischi gained city status on August 17, 1925.

In 1932, the territory of the city was significantly expanded, according to the decree of the Presidium of the Moscow Regional Executive Committee No. 8 (minutes No. 56) of October 4, 1932 and the decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of November 20, 1932 that approved it. The settlement merged with the villages of Bolshie Mytishchi, Rupasovo, Sharapovo, Zarechnaya Sloboda, Leonidovka, Perlovka, Taininsky settlements, Druzhba and Taininka.[9]


Population


Population of Mytishchi
YearPopulation
1852389
1859435
18971000
18991026
19177000
192617000
193123100
193960118
195998606
1962107000
1964111000
1967112000
1970118653
1973125000
1975134000
1976134000
1979140656
1982148000
1985151000
1986150000
1987152000
1989154068
1990154000
1991154000
1992154000
1993153000
1994152000
1995153000
1996153000
1997153000
1998155000
1999155700
2000155700
2001157000
2002159900
2003159900
2004161400
2005161500
2006161800
2007162700
2008163400
2009164299
2010173160
2011173300
2012174971
2013178672
2014183224
2015187119
2016201130
2017205397
2018211606
2019222739
2020235504
2021245643
2022262702

According to Wikidata, the population of Mytishchi was 211,606 (1 January 2018),[3] 201,130 (2016),[10] 205,397 (2017)[11]. Mytishchi is the fourth largest city in Moscow Oblast after Balashikha (211,606 (2018) ), Podolsk (299,660 (2017) ), Khimki (254,171 (2019) ) in terms of population.


Administrative and municipal status


Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mytishchi serves as the administrative center of Mytishchinsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-four rural localities, incorporated within Mytishchinsky District as the Town of Mytishchi.[1] As a municipal division, the Town of Mytishchi is incorporated within Mytishchinsky Municipal District as Mytishchi Urban Settlement.[4]


Economy


Shopping mall June
Shopping mall "June"

The city is the oblast's largest center for industry (machine building, arms industry in particular) and education.


Architecture


Monument to the first Russian water supply system
Monument to the first Russian water supply system

Cultural heritage sites


The city has a number of cultural heritage sites

In 2005, the Church of the Nativity of Christ was built in the city center. On the central square, there are 4 lanterns of the late 1950s, presumably the project of M. A. Minkus. Identical lights were installed at the lobby o fhte Kropotkinskaya metro station (Prechistenka St.) and at the Nikulin Moscow Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard.


Monuments



Twin towns – sister cities


Mytishchi is twinned with:[12]

Former twin towns:

In March 2022, Panevėžys and Płock suspended their partnerships with Mytishchi as a response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[13][14]


Culture



Mass Media


There are three local TV channels: "Our Mytishchi" - the channel that belongs to the town, "The first Mytishchinsky", and "TV Mytishchi" (on the TV channel of Moscow region 360°) - district television.


Theatres


There is Ognivo puppet theatre, FEST drama and comedy theatre, and youth theater Domoy (Homewards).


Notable people


People born in Mytishchi:


References



Notes


  1. Resolution #123-PG
  2. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  3. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  4. Law #198/2004-OZ
  5. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  6. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  7. "Climate and ecology of Mytishchi". nesiditsa.ru.
  8. "LUNA - Workspace". davidrumsey.com. Retrieved May 11, 2022.
  9. Spravochnik po administrativno-territorialʹnomu delenii︠u︡ Moskovskoĭ oblasti 1929-2004 gg. G. E. Kiri︠u︡shin, Г. Е. Кирюшин, T︠S︡entralʹnyĭ gosudarstvennyĭ arkhiv Moskovskoĭ oblasti, Центральный государственный архив Московской области. Moskva: Kuchkovo Pole. 2011. p. 365. ISBN 978-5-9950-0105-8. OCLC 733323500.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  10. http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2016/bul_dr/mun_obr2016.rar.
  11. http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2017/bul_dr/mun_obr2017.rar.
  12. "Города-побратимы Мытищ: расстояние дружбе не помеха". inmytishchi.ru (in Russian). IN Mytishchi. July 3, 2019. Retrieved February 3, 2020.
  13. "Płock zawiesza partnerską współpracę z rosyjskimi i białoruskimi miastami" (in Polish). Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  14. "Panevėžys nutraukė bendradarbiavimą su Rusijos ir Baltarusijos miestais partneriais" (in Lithuanian). Retrieved March 3, 2022.

Sources





На других языках


[de] Mytischtschi

Mytischtschi (russisch Мытищи anhören?/i, wiss. Transliteration Mytišči) ist eine russische Großstadt in der Oblast Moskau. Mit 173.160 Einwohnern (Stand 14. Oktober 2010)[1] ist sie einer der größten Orte der Oblast.
- [en] Mytishchi

[es] Mytishchi

Mytishchi (en ruso: Мытищи, pronunciado [mɨtʲiɕɕi]), es la quinta ciudad más grande (según el censo de 2002) en el óblast de Moscú, Rusia, situada al noreste de la capital, junto al río Yauza y la estación de Yaroslavl.

[ru] Мытищи

Мыти́щи — город в Московской области, Россия. Северо-восточный город-спутник Москвы. Образует административно-территориальную единицу (город областного значения с административной территорией) и одноимённое муниципальное образование городской округ Мытищи.



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