Kolomna (Russian:Колóмна,IPA:[kɐˈlomnə]) is a historical city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, situated at the confluence of the Moskva and Oka Rivers, 114 kilometers (71mi) (by rail) southeast of Moscow. Population: 144,589(2010 Census);[3]150,129(2002 Census);[8]161,881(1989 Census).[9]
Mentioned for the first time in 1177, Kolomna[10] was founded in 1140–1160 according to the latest archaeological surveys.[11] Kolomna's name may originate from the Old Russian term for "on the bend (in the river)", especially as the old city is located on a sharp bend in the Moscow River. In 1301, Kolomna became the first town to be incorporated into the Moscow Principality.[12]
Like some other ancient Russian cities, it has a kremlin, which is a citadel similar to the more famous one in Moscow and also built of red brick.[13] The stone Kolomna Kremlin was built from 1525–1531 under the Russian Tsar Vasily III. The Kolomna citadel was a part of the Great Abatis Border[14] and, although much of the surrounding wall was removed in the eighteenth century and materials used to construct other public buildings, the remaining stretch of wall, several towers, and some interior buildings have been preserved and held in good shape with a museum located inside. In front of the façade stands a statue of Dmitry Donskoy, celebrating the gathering of his troops in Kolomna prior to the Battle of Kulikovo in 1380.
The civic arms of Kolomna were granted by Empress Catherine II, who was influenced by the similar-sounding name of the famous Colonna family of Rome. Hence, the similar appearance of the arms, despite there being no connection between the Roman family and the city of Kolomna.
Due to sensitive military production of missile components, Kolomna was a closed city until 1994. It is not listed as a city of the Golden Ring, despite its kremlin and the large number of well-preserved churches and monasteries.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kolomna serves as the administrative center of Kolomensky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Kolomna City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Kolomna City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Kolomna Urban Okrug.[2]
Transportation
Kolomna is located on the Ryazan line of the Moscow railroad, 116 kilometers (72mi) from Moscow. In Kolomna, there are five railway stations (Kolomna, Shchurovo, Bochmanovo, 6km, and Sychevo) and one terminal (Golutvin).
Two bus terminals are located in the city. Public transport in the city is represented by tram and city bus lines.
Kolomna is situated on three rivers, and has passenger and transport berths, with the most well-known being Bochmanovo berth.
Sports
The Kolomna Speed Skating Center is an indoor ice speed skating oval used for Russian and international championships. It hosted the 2008 European Speed Skating Championships and the 2016 World Single Distance Speed Skating Championships. The Kolomna Speed Skating Center is considered one of the most modern ice speed skating ovals in the world.
Demographics
This section does not cite any sources. (February 2012)
Historical populations of Kolomna (figures in thousands)
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
Московская областная Дума.Закон№11/2013-ОЗот31 января 2013 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области», в ред. Закона №249/2019-ОЗ от29 ноября 2019 г.«О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силуна следующий день после официального опубликования (13 января 2013 г.). Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №24, 12 февраля 2013 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma.Law#11/2013-OZofJanuary31, 2013 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Law#249/2019-OZ ofNovember29, 2019 On amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as ofthe day following the day of the official publication (January13, 2013).).
Московская областная Дума.Закон№153/2004-ОЗот25 ноября 2004 г. «О статусе и границе городского округа Коломна», в ред. Закона №52/2010-ОЗ от6 мая 2010 г«О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границе городского округа Коломна" и Закон Московской области "О статусе и границах Коломенского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований"». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №231, 4 декабря 2004 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma.Law#153/2004-OZofNovember25, 2004 On the Status and the Border of Kolomna Urban Okrug, as amended by the Law#52/2010-OZ ofMay6, 2010 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Border of Kolomna Urban Okrug" and the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and Borders of Kolomensky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations It Comprises". Effective as ofthe day of the official publication.).
Московская областная Дума.Закон№43/2005-ОЗот15 февраля 2005 г. «О статусе и границах Коломенского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований», в ред. Закона №121/2011-ОЗ от14 июля 2011 г.«О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границах Коломенского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований"». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №35, 26 февраля 2005 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma.Law#43/2005-OZofFebruary15, 2005 On the Status and the Borders of Kolomensky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations Comprising It, as amended by the Law#121/2011-OZ ofJuly14, 2011 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Borders of Kolomensky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations Comprising It". Effective as ofthe day of the official publication.).
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