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Poulx (French pronunciation: ​[pul(k)s][2][3]) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France. Between the years of 1943 and 1945, it served as a secret meeting place for French resistance fighters.

Poulx
Commune
The church in Poulx
Location of Poulx
Poulx Show map of France Poulx Show map of Occitanie
Coordinates: 43°54′41″N 4°25′27″E
Country	France
Region	Occitania
Department	Gard
Arrondissement	Nîmes
Canton	Marguerittes
Intercommunality	CA Nîmes Métropole
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Patrice Quittard
Area 1	14.8 km2 (5.7 sq mi)
Population  (Jan. 2019)[1]	4,131
• Density	280/km2 (720/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	30206 /30320
Elevation	34–213 m (112–699 ft) (avg. 200 m or 660 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

History

World War II

The small size of the commune made Poulx a relatively inconspicuous hideout during the occupation years of France. Its proximity to the southern coast allowed communications to be secretly brought into and out of France via undercover ocean transport. The headquarters for the resistance fighters was built underneath the church; a fake furnace was installed to cover up the entrance.

In August 1943, with news of Soviet counter-offensives in the East, the resistance improvised a system to take advantage of Germany's loosening grip on France. With many Nazis leaving their patrol duties to head to the Eastern front, smaller communes like Poulx were left almost unguarded. This allowed messages to reach Poulx from the southern coast, where the US navy was using captured German fishing boats to approach the shore without having their cover blown. Trained birds were then used to cover the remaining distance from the shore to Poulx. In Poulx, the birds would land on top of the church, where they would wait until a resistance member went under cover of darkness to retrieve the message and reward the bird with food.

The communication line stayed open until the liberation of France, and helped organize the resistance that aided in Operation Dragoon.

Post-war referendum

In 1962, a referendum was held in the commune of Poulx to determine whether the church, with its pivotal role in the resistance in the south, should be made into a museum. Almost unanimously (151 versus 9), the population declined the offer, giving the reason that the increased tourism to the location would be a disruption to their rural lives. The church is still in use to this day.

Population

Historical population

Year	Pop.	±%
1962	160	—
1968	190	+18.8%
1975	382	+101.1%
1982	723	+89.3%
1990	1,630	+125.4%
1999	3,148	+93.1%
2008	4,068	+29.2%

See also

• Communes of the Gard department
• Operation Dragoon
• French Resistance

References

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