world.wikisort.org - France

Search / Calendar

Alairac (French pronunciation: [alɛʁak] (listen)) is a commune in the Aude department in the Occitanie region of southern France.

Alairac
Commune
An aerial view of Alairac
Location of Alairac
Alairac
Alairac
Coordinates: 43°11′06″N 2°14′29″E
CountryFrance
RegionOccitania
DepartmentAude
ArrondissementCarcassonne
CantonCarcassonne-3
IntercommunalityCarcassonne Agglo
Government
  Mayor (20202026) Marc Adivèze
Area
1
16.37 km2 (6.32 sq mi)
Population
 (Jan. 2019)[1]
1,313
  Density80/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
  Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
11005 /11290
Elevation158–422 m (518–1,385 ft)
(avg. 190 m or 620 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Alairacois, or Alairacoises.[2]


Geography


The commune is in the urban area of Carcassonne and is located on a hillock at the foot of the Malepère mountain range. Alairac is a traditional circulade village dating to 1000AD. The commune has been part of the agglomeration community called Carcassonne Agglo since 1 January 2010.

The commune is located some 80 km south-east of Toulouse and only 6 km south-west of Carcassonne. The Motorway E80 (A61) passes across the northern tip of the commune but has no exit. The commune can be reached by Road D18 from Carcassonne which passes in a south-westerly direction through the heart of the commune towards Cailhau. Road D211 also passes through the commune from Arzens in the west to Lavalette in the east passing to the north of Alairac village. The village can be reached by a number of local roads from both the D211 and the D18. The commune is both farmland and forest with a two small hamlets: Galet and Les Rougeats.[3]

Several streams pass through the commune. In the east the Ruisseau Saint Pierre forms the eastern border of the commune, the Ruisseau de Bonne Mere forms the southern boundary, and the Ruisseau du Sout forms the western boundary. Inside the commune there are several streams with the Ruisseau de Celule Ou Gautel passing near the village. All the streams eventually flow into the river Aude which continues east into the Mediterranean Sea.[3]


Neighbouring communes and towns


[3]


Geology, topography and hydrography


The village overlooks the plain where the Canal du Midi to the north of the commune towards Carcassonne and the view extends over a panorama limited to the north by the Montagne Noire (Black Mountain). To the north-east is the city of Carcassonne and to the south the Malepère mountain range covered in oak forest, the domain of wild boar and mushroom collectors.


Climate


The village has an oceanic climate with a strong Mediterranean influence. This area is dominated by Holly Oak forests which makes it suitable for the cultivation of the grapevines. The summers are temperate and the winters mild.


History


The first written record of the castle appeared in 1063: the time of the probable construction of the circulade. The area belonged to the Count of Foix, the first of which was Roger I de Foix who was the second son of Bernard-Roger, Count of Bigorre. Over the years, he exchanged the County of Foix with the Viscount of Carcassonne several times to the Trencavel family.

From the 11th century, the village was traversed by one of the paths to Saint Jacques de Compostela called "Path of the Pyrenean Piedmont". This pilgrimage continued until the 18th century.

During the Albigensian Crusade at Easter 1210, Simon de Montfort besieged the castle at Alairac for eleven days at which the people, fearing they may have to surrender, fled by night. In 1309, the last known Cathar perfect, Guillaume Bélibaste, fled Catalonia with Philippe of Alayrac. The latter, on his return home after ten years of exile, was probably captured and burned.

Sign at the entrance of the village
Sign at the entrance of the village

On hearing the sound of an approaching large company from Routiers in 1366, the officers of the Bailiwick of Carcassonne ordered the inhabitants of the castle at Alairac — which belonged to Jean d'Armagnac — to fortify it and destroy the surrounding area. Having failed to execute the order, the Viscount angrily set fire to the castle which was completely burned. Later, the Count of Armagnac ceded the land of Alairac to the Marquis of Mirepoix in 1404.

The lordship was sold at the beginning of the 18th century to a citizen of Carcassonne. This lordship was extinguished by the Revolution in 1789.

During the First World War from 1914 to 1918, the village lost nineteen people whose names are inscribed on the memorial. Every year on 11 November, this sacrifice is remembered by reading their names during a ceremony attended by schoolchildren.

During the Algerian War, many young people from Alairac were called to fight. One of them was killed. Every 19 March the laying of wreaths takes place to commemorate the date the Évian Accords came into force.


Heraldry


Arms of Alairac
Arms of Alairac
Or means a gold background, pale, in heraldry is a vertical band in the middle of the shield and bounded by two lines, tapering: indicates the tapering of the pale, Vert: means the colour green

Blazon:
Or, a pale tapering of Vert.




Administration


List of Successive Mayors of Alairac[4]

FromToNameParty
18621871Louis Guilhem
18711871Guilhem benoit
18711900Jean Fages
19001919Guilhem Achilles
19191929Fages Irenaeus
19291935Gaston Vidal
19351945Fages Irenaeus
19451952Urban Marcerou
19521953André Mouls
19531971Carrie Antonin
19712020Roger AdivèzePS
20202026Marc Adivèze

Population


Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1968 357    
1975 359+0.08%
1982 537+5.92%
1990 618+1.77%
1999 708+1.52%
2007 1,193+6.74%
2012 1,305+1.81%
2017 1,330+0.38%
20191,313−0.64%
Source: INSEE[5]

Economy


Viticulture: Malepère (AOC)


Culture and heritage


A milestone on the Way of Saint James
A milestone on the Way of Saint James

Civil heritage



Religious heritage


The commune has several religious buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:




Culture and festivals



Children's activities


There is a hall for teenagers (12–17 years old) organised by the CIAS of Carcassonne. This activity is supervised by Mathieu Bruno the organiser.


Facilities



Education



Sports



Notable people linked to the commune



See also





References


  1. "Populations légales 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
  2. Inhabitants of Aude (in French)
  3. Google Maps
  4. List of Mayors of France (in French)
  5. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  6. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00102513 Parish Church of Saint Germain (in French)
  7. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM11000591 Chalice with Paten (in French)
  8. Ministry of Culture, Palissy PM11000590 Chalice with Paten (in French)
  9. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00102512 Catuffe Cross (in French)
  10. Ministry of Culture, Mérimée PA00102511 Alairac Cross (in French)
  11. Alairac School (in French)

На других языках


- [en] Alairac

[ru] Алерак

Алера́к (фр. Alairac) — коммуна во Франции в регионе Лангедок — Руссильон, департамент Од.



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии