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Shunde District, also known as Shuntak, is a district of the city of Foshan, Guangdong province, located in the Pearl River Delta. It had a population of 2,464,784 as of the 2010 census.[2] Once a traditional agricultural county, it has become one of the most affluent counties in Guangdong and mainland China. Since 2009 it has been administrated independently of Foshan city, answerable directly to the Guangdong provincial government.

Shunde 顺德区 Shuntak; Shunte
District
Ronggui Subdistrict in Shunde
Coordinates: 22°50′11″N 113°15′09″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Guangdong
Prefecture-level city	Foshan
Area
• Total	806 km2 (311 sq mi)
	[1]
Population  (2010)[1]
• Total	2,464,784
• Density	3,100/km2 (7,900/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	528300
Website	(in Chinese) www.shunde.gov.cn

Shunde District
Simplified Chinese	顺德区
Traditional Chinese	順德區
Jyutping	seon6 dak1 keoi1
Cantonese Yale	Seuhndāk Kēui
Hanyu Pinyin	Shùndé Qū
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Shùndé Qū Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Seuhndāk Kēui Jyutping seon6 dak1 keoi1
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	顺德
Traditional Chinese	順德
Jyutping	seon6 dak1
Cantonese Yale	Seuhndāk
Hanyu Pinyin	Shùndé
Postal	Shuntak
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Shùndé Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Seuhndāk Jyutping seon6 dak1

History

According to archaeological discoveries（ cultural heritage of Shunde county( Chinese: < 順德縣文物誌》）^{[citation needed]}, human settlements appeared during the Spring and Autumn period. In the third year of Jinghai era (1452 AD), after the Ming dynasty suppressed the rebellion led by Huang Xiao Yang (黃蕭養), Shunde county was formally established. Before that, this area was part of Nam Hoi county (Nanhai Xian) and Sun Hui county (Xinhui Xian).

The people of Daliang subdistrict of Shunde have a long history of consuming water buffalo cheese and milk products (particularly double skin milk dessert), which is why the township had begun promoting itself as the “Township of Milk and Honey”[3]

Shunde was a center for the development of the mulberry and sericulture industry in Guangdong province during the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. It was at this time that the Comb Sister culture emerged from Shunde in opposition to the strict patriarchal feudal system, allowing unmarried women to live financially independent with the social pressure of marriage lifted. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1911, the feudal system and the silk production industry collapsed, ending the local Comb Sister custom.

The first outbreak of the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak was recorded in Shunde on 16 November 2002.[4]

Administration divisions

Shunde was a county-level city until 8 December 2002, when it became a district of Foshan prefecture-level city.[5] Shunde has direct jurisdiction over four subdistricts and six towns:

Name	Chinese (S)	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010)[6]	Area (km2)
Daliang Subdistrict	大良街道	Dàliáng Jiēdào	404,309	80.19
Ronggui Subdistrict	容桂街道	Róngguì Jiēdào	449,687	80.17
Leliu Subdistrict	勒流街道	Lēiliú Jiēdào	252,364	90.84
Lunjiao Subdistrict	伦教街道	Lúnjiào Jiēdào	184,479	59.21
Beijiao town	北滘镇	Běijiào Zhèn	270,310	92.41
Lecong town	乐从镇	Lècóng Zhèn	259,795	77.55
Jun'an town	均安镇	Jūn'ān Zhèn	141,736	79.36
Xingtan town	杏坛镇	Xìngtán Zhèn	144,537	122.07
Chencun town	陈村镇	Chéncūn Zhèn	135,686	50.92
Longjiang town	龙江镇	Lóngjiāng Zhèn	221,881	73.78

Unique as a district of any prefecture-level city in China, Shunde has been granted a degree of prefecture-level administrative autonomy over certain matters, notably economic development, independent of Foshan city, and has been answerable directly to the Guangdong Provincial government since 2009.[5]

Economy

Situated in the fertile Pearl River Delta, its economy was once dominated by agriculture, fisheries and silk farming. Since the implementation of policies related to reform and openness began in 1978, the people of this area were given full control over their geographical position and culture. This has allowed Shunde to gradually develop into a modern industrial boomtown, especially the manufacturing of furniture and electric appliances.[7] Major Mainland Chinese product brands are headquartered in Shunde with major production facilities. Recently a new technology industrial park has also been opened in this area, featuring car manufacturers such as Toyota.^{[citation needed]}

Major Chinese companies such as Galanz,[8] Kelon, Country Garden[9] and Midea, has its headquarters in Shunde District.

Shunde was approved as a pilot city for the comprehensive reform of Guangdong in 1993,[5] and also for taking the lead in accomplishing modernization in 1999. From 2000 to 2003, Shunde was ranked first among China's top 100 counties for Basic Economic Competitiveness for four consecutive years (released by National Bureau of Statistics of China). In 2005, Shunde's GDP was 2,170 billion yuan.[10]

Today, this area has become one of the most affluent counties in Guangdong and mainland China (according to official information from the Chinese government and the United Nations).^{[citation needed]} The GDP reached 127.5 billion yuan in 2007, an annual increase of 18%, and GDP per capita reached 107,991 yuan (ca. US$14,200).

Tourism

Tourist attractions include the Qinghui Garden, which features fish ponds surrounded by osmanthus, bamboo and mulberry bushes,[11] as well as the Bruce Lee Memorial Museum located in Jun'an. Shunfengshan Park was opened to the public in 2004 and has a memorial archway which is 88 metres (289 ft) wide and 38 metres (125 ft) high. Baolin Temple is accessible through the park.[12]

Travelling from Shunde is easy with many different options. There are ferries and buses that go directly to Hong Kong, including an option to Hong Kong International Airport. Bus tickets can be purchased at the New World Centre Hotel. Macau is easily accessible by train, taking less than an hour. Guangzhou is accessible by train, taxi or bus.[13]

UNESCO Creative Cities

China’s southern city of Shunde joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network as the city of gastronomy on Monday. Another 27 cities from 19 countries were also added to the list.

Shunde has long been widely regarded as the basis for exquisite Cantonese cuisine and the cradle of Cantonese cuisine chefs. While the cuisine of Guangzhou has been historically very minimalist in terms of flavorings, food from Shunde is known for its liberal use of ingredients such as sun dried tangerine peel and dates, resulting in simple but powerful flavors.

Launched in 2004, the UNESCO Creative Cities Network is celebrating its 10th anniversary this year. The network aims to foster international cooperation between cities committed to investing in creativity as a driver for sustainable urban development, social inclusion and enhanced cultural influence in the world.

By joining the network, cities commit to collaborate and develop partnerships with a view to promoting creativity and cultural industries, to share best practices, to strengthen participation in cultural life and to integrate culture in economic and social development plans.

The network covers seven thematic areas: craft and folk arts, design, film, gastronomy, Literature, media arts and music. It aims to promote international cooperation and encourage the sharing of experiences and resources to promote local development through culture and creativity.

With these new designations, the number of UNESCO Creative Cities Network members now totals 69.

Famous residents and people from the area

Martial artist Bruce Lee's ancestral roots are traced to Gwan'on (Jun'an) in Seundak (Shunde). A street in the village is named after the actor, and his ancestral home is open to the public.

Others include:

• The former Lord Mayor of Melbourne, Australia, John So.
• Real estate developer Lee Shau Kee, and, as of May 2013, the 24th richest person in the world.[14]
• Real estate developer Yang Guoqiang
• Famous actor Law Kar Ying
• Eileen Yin-Fei Lo, Chinese-American cookbook writer
• Brandon Lee, Chinese-American film actor.
• Lee Heung-kam (1932-2021), Hong Kong Cantonese opera and TV actress

See also

• Shunde, China Furniture Wholesale Market

References

External links

• Government of Shunde
• Destination guide
• Information about Shunde

На других языках

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- [en] Shunde District

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[ru] Шуньдэ

Шуньдэ́ (кит. упр. 顺德, пиньинь Shùndé) — район городского подчинения городского округа Фошань провинции Гуандун (КНР).

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