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Huangpu (help·info), alternately romanized as Whampoa, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. Despite its name, it does not include Whampoa Island (now Pazhou) or its famous anchorage. Huangpu absorbed Guangzhou's former Luogang District in 2014. The district has been awarded the status of "Happiest District of China" in 2020.[2]

For other uses of "Huangpu", see Huangpu (disambiguation).
For other uses of "Whampoa", see Whampoa (disambiguation).
This article is about the district of the city of Guangzhou. Not to be confused with the Huangpu ("Whampoa") island or anchorage, located on and off Pazhou in Guangzhou's Haizhu District.

Huangpu
黄埔区
Whampoa; Whangpoa
District
Dasha Subdistrict
  Huangpu in Guangzhou
Coordinates:
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceGuangdong
Sub-provincial cityGuangzhou
Area
 • Total484.17 km2 (186.94 sq mi)
Population
 (2014)
 • Total880,100[1]
 • Density1,818/km2 (4,710/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
510700
Area code020
Websitewww.hp.gov.cn
Huangpu District, Guangzhou
Simplified Chinese黄埔区
Traditional Chinese黃埔區
JyutpingWong4bou3 Keoi1
Hanyu PinyinHuángpǔ Qū
Literal meaningYellow Bank District
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese黄埔
Traditional Chinese黃埔
JyutpingWong4bou3
Hanyu PinyinHuángpǔ

History


During the Canton trade, Changzhou was known as "Dane's Island" and used by Danish crews for repairs and burials. It lay on the eastern side of the Huangpu or Whampoa anchorage, named for Whampoa Island (now Pazhou in Haizhu District). The Whampoa Military Academy was founded on Changzhou in 1924.[citation needed]

Huangpu district played an important role in China's economic development. Originally called "Guangzhou Development District", it was one of the first economic and technological development districts in China.[2]

On 12 February 2014, Luogang District was dissolved by China's central government and its area added to Huangpu.[3]

According to historical records, the family of one of the first two Chinese to immigrate to Germany in 1821/22 originally came from Huangpu. In an 1822 essay for the magazine Isis, Lorenz Oken described the two Chinese immigrants as "Aßing von Heong San, Aho von Wong Bu".[4] As Rainer Schwarz argues, "Wong Bu" refers to the old transliteration "Whampoa", which means the family of Aho (whose actual name appears to have been FENG Yaxue)[5] originated from the area that is today Huangpu District.[4]


Administrative divisions


NameChinese (S)Hanyu PinyinCanton RomanizationPopulation (2010)[6]Area (km2)
Dasha Subdistrict大沙街道Dàshā Jiēdàodai6 sa1 gai1 dou644,64113.10
Huangpu Subdistrict黄埔街道Huángpǔ Jiēdàowong4 bou3 gai1 dou664,2557.38
Hongshan Subdistrict红山街道Hóngshān Jiēdàohung4 san1 gai1 dou642,1277.30
Yuzhu Subdistrict鱼珠街道Yúzhū Jiēdàojyu4 zyu1 gai1 dou659,5299.11
Wenchong Subdistrict文冲街道Wénchōng Jiēdàomen4 cung1 gai1 dou646,87710.07
Nangang Subdistrict南岗街道Nángǎng Jiēdàonam4 gong1 gai1 dou676,74713.74
Changzhou Subdistrict长洲街道Chángzhōu Jiēdàocêng4 zeo1 gai1 dou636,47811.5
Suidong Subdistrict穗东街道Suìdōng Jiēdàosêu6 dung1 gai1 dou645,02513.58
Lilian Subdistrict荔联街道Lìlián Jiēdàolei6 lün4 gai1 dou642,2516.58
Guangzhou
Economic
and
Technological
Development
Zone		Luogang Subdistrict萝岗街道Luógǎng Jiēdàolo4 gong1 gai1 dou645,71780.10
Changling Subdistrict长岭街道Chánglǐng Jiēdàocêng4 léng5 gai1 dou6
Xiagang Subdistrict夏港街道Xiàgǎng Jiēdàoha6 gong2 gai1 dou644,52814.54
Dongqu Subdistrict东区街道Dōngqū Jiēdàodung1 kêu1 gai1 dou685,23554.00
Yunpu Subdistrict云埔街道Yúnpǔ Jiēdàowen4 bou3 gai1 dou6
49,86751.76
Lianhe Subdistrict联和街道Liánhé Jiēdàolün4 wo4 gai1 dou6
Yonghe Subdistrict永和街道Yǒnghé Jiēdàowing5 wo4 gai1 dou655,04434.00
Jiufo Subdistrict九佛街道Jiǔfó Jiēdàogeo2 fed6 gai1 dou693,26553.50
Longhu Subdistrict龙湖街道Lónghú Jiēdàolung4 wu4 gai1 dou645.73
Xinlong town新龙镇Xīnlóng Zhènsen1 lung4 zen375.87

Economy


Huangpu district is one of the developing industrial districts in Guangzhou. According to a 2020 study by Deloitte, the district is already especially competitive in the industries of automobiles, electronics, energy, high-end chemicals, food and beverage, and electrical machinery. Emerging industries in the district include ICT, intelligent equipment, biomedicine, new energy, new materials, and services.[2]

Huangpu district is at the heart of the Greater Bay Area (GBA) and is home to a large development area, which is considered one of China's most important economic centres. It is producing a regional GDP of US$49.3 billion and the district received a fixed asset investment of US$19.68 billion in 2019. The development district contributes 43% to Guangzhou's industrial output value and 70% of its high-tech product output value.[7]

Huangpu district is an important area for international trade and investment. In 2019, the district recorded the highest volumes in exports and imports among the districts of Guangzhou, with an export volume of US$24.766 billion and an import volume of US$19.878 billion. Foreign investment in actual use for Huangpu district was US$2.28 billion the same year, prompting it to rank first among all development districts within China.[8]

Moreover, Huangpu is home to the Guangzhou IP Court, offering reliable and effective intellectual property (IP) right protection to every company and institution invested. It also provides newcomers and those looking for expansion with a fast approval and application process. Founding and registering a new company or branch is possible within one day. The rapid procedure is also referred to as Huangpu Speed.[7]


Industry Sectors


The division between primary, secondary and tertiary sectors has shifted since 2015. Back then, the tertiary sector accounted for 29.1% of Huangpu District's GDP, while the secondary sector accounted for 70.6% and the primary sector for only 0.3%. In 2019, the tertiary sector accounted for 35.7% of Huangpu District's GDP, with the secondary sector accounting for 64.1% and the primary sector having fallen to 0.2%. Thus, although the share of the tertiary sector has been growing, the dominating industry in Huangpu is still the secondary industry.[2]

The dominance of the secondary sector can also be seen from the growing industrial output. Between 2017 and 2019, total industrial output value above designated size rose from RMB 745.91 Billion to RMB 739.65 Billion. Sector-wise, the total industrial output is divided as follows:[2]


Automotive Industry

Huangpu district's automotive industry achieved a total industrial output value of RMB 167.88 billion in 2019. Companies present in Huangpu include Magna, Webasto, JATCO, Honda, Xpeng Motors, Stanley Electric, and Baoneng Motor.[2]


Electronics Industry

Huangpu district's electronics industry achieved a total industrial output value of RMB 162.41 billion in 2019. Companies present include LG, Jabil Circuit, and Skyworth. Another notable company is Guangzhou Shiyuan Electronic Technology Company Limited, an LCD controller board supplier headquartered in Huangpu. From its founding in 2005, the LCD controller board supplier has grown to occupy over 29% of global and 61% of China's domestic market share in 2019.[2]


Energy Industry

Huangpu district's energy industry achieved a total industrial output value of RMB 161.44 billion in 2019, drawing mainly from high-efficiency energy-saving equipment, the product considered most competitive in Huangpu district by Deloitte. Notable companies from the energy sector in Huangpu include China Southern Power Grid, Sinopec Group, Kinfa, Guangzhou Hengyun, Guangzhou Hirp Chemical, Guangdong Yuehua Power, and Guangzhou GCL Power.[2]


High-end Chemical Industry

Huangpu district's high-end chemical industry achieved a total industrial output value of RMB 62.21 billion in 2019. The industry centers mostly around cosmetics, home care, fragrances, flavours, and fine chemicals. Notable companies include P&G, Amway, Colgate, and Guangzhou NipponPaint.[2]


Food & Beverage Industry

Huangpu district's food and beverage industry achieved a total industrial output value of RMB 57.89 billion in 2019. It is composed of high-end food, functional food, green and organic food, urban leisure food, and health food. Notable companies include Mars, Pepsi, Coca-Cola, MeadJohnson, BiosTime, Uni-President, and Yantang Dairy.[2]


Electrical Machinery Industry

Huangpu district's electrical machinery industry achieved a total industrial output value of RMB 22.56 billion in 2019. The industry is, for instance, processing equipment, measurement and control devices. Notable companies include Panasonic, Hitachi, Siemens, Schneider, Guangzhou Nanyang Cable, and Guangzhou Zhiguang Electric.[2]


Emerging Industries

Huangpu's new-generation information technology industry consists of integrated circuits, new types of display panels, intelligent terminals and other operation services for intelligent finance, big data solutions, and solution and service providers for telecommunication and information technology. In 2019, these sectors achieved a cumulative total industrial output of RMB 161.47 billion. Representative companies include Guangzhou CanSemi Technology, LG, Shiyuan Electronic, GRG Banking, Comba Telecom or Haige Communications.[2]

The district is furthermore developing three foundations for future industries:

First, 5G and autonomous driving. In 2019, the district had constructed 2,500 5G base stations, two 5G intelligent factories and a demonstration district for autonomous driving utilising 5G.[2] First trials have shown that data collection for the development of autonomous driving in Guangzhou has been much better than in Silicon Valley. While the number of cars encountered by the trial vehicle has been around the same in both places, the number of pedestrians was five times higher in Guangzhou than in Silicon Valley, and the number of cyclists four times as high. This allowed for a much richer generation of data on autonomous driving.[9]

Second, Blockchain. According to a 2020 report by Deloitte, the district has applied blockchain technology to a variety of services, including finance, manufacturing, QC and government services.[2]

Third, Industrial Internet.  According to the same report by Deloitte, the district is pushing the construction of national-level nodes in the “Industrial Internet Identification Resolution”.[2] Broadly speaking, this "Industrial Internet Identification Resolution" (simplified Chinese: 国家工业互联网标识解析体系; traditional Chinese: 國家工業互聯網標識解析體系; pinyin: Guójiā Gōngyè Hùliánwǎng Biāo​zhì Jiě​xī Tǐ​xì; lit. 'National Industrial Internet Identification Analysis System' ) allows for the identification of entities and virtual objects within the internet of things, and can be compared to the Domain Name System (DNS) already in use today.[10]


Industry Clusters


Huangpu district is home to four industry clusters. First, the China-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City (CSGKC) focused on knowledge-intensive economy and future industries. Second, Huangpu Lingang Economic Zone focused on service industries. Third, Guangzhou Science City focused on innovation and research and development. Fourth, Guangzhou International Biotech Island focusing on biomedicine.[11] All of them are supported through national subsidies and preferential policies.[2]


China-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City

CSGKC, also known as "Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City" or simply "Guangzhou Knowledge City" is focused on knowledge-intensive economy and future industries such as information technology, high-end equipment manufacturing, green economy, biomedicine, digital economy, new materials and artificial intelligence. It covers an area of 123 square kilometres.[11] The area combines industrial development with supporting facilities, research and development institutes, residential areas and cultural attractions.[12]

CSGKC is located around 35 km northeast of Guangzhou city centre and around 25 km from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport. The area was started in 2010 as a greenfield master development by Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City Investment and Development Co., Ltd., a joint venture between Singapore-based CapitaLand and the district government of Huangpu. In 2018, the initiative was elevated to a bilateral state-level cooperation project between Singapore and the People's Republic of China.[13] Since its inception, a total of 1,803 enterprises have registered in the area by 2020, with registered capital reaching US$21.35 billion and fixed asset investment reaching around US$20.35 billion.[14]

CSGKC is home to several companies and projects. Notable among those is for instance Guangzhou CanSemi Technology, which runs the only 12-inch wafer production line in Guangdong province in the CSGKC.[14] Another notable project is Baidu's Apollo R&D Centre, where smart vehicles are researched and tested.[15]

GSGKC is also home to several academic institutions. First, the Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute jointly set up by the CSGKC Administrative Committee, South China University of Technology, Nanyang Technological University, and Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City Investment and Development Co., Ltd. The institute is staffed with Singaporian and Chinese professionals and focuses on the key industries of CSGKC detailed above. It engages in the research and development of new products and processes. In doing so, it cooperates with local companies and investors and incubates enterprises.[16] Second, Huangpu Institute of the university of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (UCASS), which was set up in 2020.[17]


Huangpu Lingang Economic Zone

Huangpu Lingang Economic Zone is situated in the southern part of Huangpu district.[18] It covers an area of 27 square kilometres of landmass and 15 square kilometres of water, and it focuses on modern service industries. Situated right at the Yangtze River, the cluster is home to coastline ports,[11] as well as the second Guangzhou Central Business District.[19] Its foci include port and shipping services, industrial finance, SciTech innovation, human resources, high-end and e-commerce, cultural tourism and cruise industry. It is envisioned to become an integrated service centre for international shipping and it is expected to become a key linking point for the Maritime Silk Road part of the Belt and Road Initiative.[18]


Guangzhou Science City

Guangzhou Science City (GSC) covers an area of 37.47 square kilometres. It focuses on high-tech industries, research and development institutions and human capital development.[11] It is home to ISA Science City International School,[20] as well as companies such as Samsung, LG, Sony, Hitachi, Cedar Center, Skyworth, Baoneng, Bio-Thera, Wondfo, and Xiangxue Pharmaceutical. According to a report by Deloitte, GSC will be involved in the construction of CASICloud, Ali feilonglink and the Smart-IC of China State Shipbuilding Corporation Ltd.[2]


Guangzhou International Biotech Island

Guangzhou International Biotech Island (GIBI), formally known as Guanzhou Island or Dove Island, is a biomedicine cluster within Huangpu district.[21] It forms the centre of the biotechnological industry base of Guangzhou. By 2020, around 130 pharmaceutical companies had settled on the island, among those KingMed Diagnostics or Riton-Biomaterial. In 2021, Geneseeq Technology Inc. and AstraZeneca announced their plans to establish a Bio-Diagnostic Innovation Center on the island.[22]

The island brings together domestic and international high-end biomedicine companies and research and development centres. Among those are biotechnological research and development institutions, as well as biological service providers. A study commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action predicts that the island will develop into a multifunctional biotechnology centre of the GBA, as it is located within the city centre of Guangzhou and well-integrated into its trade- and business systems.[23]


Financial Institutions


The district is home to several different financial institutions. Among these are traditional banks (such as Guangzhou Rural Commercial Bank) and venture capitalists (such as Baidu Ventures or Korea Investment Partners). Nevertheless, banks amount to the most significant number (27 in December 2020), followed by insurers (25), financial lease (22), and others (19).[2]

Among these institutions, the Guangdong Equity Exchange is particularly noteworthy. Being the only securities exchange in Guangdong Province, companies from all across the province are listed and displayed there. At the end of November 2020, their number totalled 19,726, with total financing and trading transactions of RMB 120.707 billion.[2]


Transportation



Metro


Huangpu is currently serviced by five lines on the Guangzhou Metro:


Education


Huangpu's education system is characterized primarily by its rapid growth and the expansion of universities and research projects.


Schools


The district features a wide range of public schools, such as the Guangzhou University-affiliated middle school (simplified Chinese: 广州大学附属中学; traditional Chinese: 廣州大學附屬中學; pinyin: Guǎngzhōu Dàxué Fùshǔ Zhōngxué; Jyutping: gwong2 zau1 daai6 hok6 fu6 suk6 zung1 hok6), which are spread over the "Huanghua Road Campus" and the "University Town Campus", as well as numerous others. Listing them would lead too far at this point, but they can be looked up under the given source.[24]

Apart from public schools, the district also encompasses several private and international schools. Among them are for example:


Universities


Throughout Guangdong Province, there are a large number of universities and colleges with a wide variety of orientations, of which about 30 are in the capital city of Guangzhou. Of the universities represented in Guangzhou, some have campuses in Huangpu, such as Guangzhou University, which maintains a research campus there.[29] Foreign universities are also represented. For instance, the University of Birmingham maintains a research centre in Huangpu District.[30][31]

In addition, there are ambitions to construct several universities in Huangpu. The district's "Vision 2035" plans to build its own Huangpu University (黄埔大学; 黃埔大學; Huáng​pǔ Dàxué; wong4 bou3 daai6 hok6) between 2021 and 2025. It also aims to form Guangzhou Jiaotong University (广州交通大学; 廣州交通大學; Guǎng​zhōu Jiāo​tōng​ Dàxué; gwong2 zau1 gaau1 tung1 daai6 hok6) by merging several universities.[32] On its website, the district government further specifies that the university, when completed, should cover a total area of over 780,000 square meters and provide space for teaching and offices. It is also expected to function as a new research center.[33]


Research Institutes

Huangpu is home to several research institutes that support research and development in the district. Some of them are operated by Huangpu's local universities, others affiliated with universities from other cities or countries.[34] As detailed above, Guangzhou University and the University of Birmingham both maintain research institutes in Huangpu District,[29][31] whilst the China-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City is home to the Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute and the Huangpu Institute of the university of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

In the future, according to the district's official website, there are plans to expand research institutions. For example, the Huangpu Research Institute of Guangzhou University has been under expansion since the end of 2021 and is expected to include its own academic exchange centre, offices and laboratories in the future. Guangdong University of Foreign Studies (GDUFS) plans to build a specific research institute in Huangpu in 2022. Both the research institute of Guangdong University and Guangzhou University are part of the comprehensive development plan of the specially launched "Science and Education Innovation Zone" (2020-2023) of CSGKC.[35]


See also



References


  1. "2014年广州市人口规模及分布情况" (in Chinese). Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  2. Deloitte (2020). Research Report on the Investment Environment of Huangpu District, Guangzhou (PDF).
  3. 黄埔萝岗合二为一 增城从化撤市改区 [Huangpu and Luogang Districts merge; Zengcheng becomes a District] (in Simplified Chinese). Nandu Online. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  4. Schwarz, Rainer (1988). "Heinrich Heines ,,chinesische Prinzessin" und seine beiden ,,chinesischen Gelehrten" sowie deren Bedeutung für die Anfänge der deutschen Sinologie" [Heinrich Heine's "Chinese princess" and his two "Chinese intellectuals" and their implications for the beginnings of German sinology] (PDF). NOAG (in German). 144: 81–109.
  5. Gütinger, Erich (2004). Die Geschichte der Chinesen in Deutschland: ein Überblick über die ersten 100 Jahre ab 1822 (in German). Waxmann Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8309-6457-5.
  6. shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; council, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si bian = Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state; population, Department of; statistics, employment statistics national bureau of (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
  7. "Home". www.huangpu-europe.com. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  8. "GDD economy in 2019". eng.gdd.gov.cn. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  9. Frerichs, Daniel (2021). "Greater Bay Area: Hier entsteht Zukunft" [Greater Bay Area: Where Future is Developing]. ChinaContact: Das Außenwirtschaftsmagazin (in German). owc Verlag für Außenwirtschaft. 25 (3): 36.
  10. 何思思 (18 April 2021). "一文读懂工业互联网标识解析体系" [An Article About the Industrial Internet Identification and Resolution System]. finance.sina.com.cn (in Chinese). Retrieved 27 December 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. "Introduction to Huangpu district / Guangzhou Development District". subsites.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  12. "China-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City opens new chapter of cooperative development - Regional - Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. 3 July 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. CapitaLand. "China-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City". Retrieved 25 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. Li, You (3 July 2020). "Guangzhou Knowledge City lauds achievements in celebrating first decade - Regional - Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 25 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. "Greater Bay Area: World's Innovation Lab (3/3)". Greater Bay Area: World’s Innovation Lab (3/3). Retrieved 28 September 2021.
  16. Li, You (3 July 2020). "Institute flourishes as cooperation increases - Regional - Chinadaily.com.cn". www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 25 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (2020). The Huangpu Institute of Advanced Study of UCASS Guangzhou (PDF).
  18. "Huangpu Lingang Economic Development Zone". subsites.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  19. "Guangzhou 2nd CBD (Huangpu District) Urban Design | OBERMEYER Engineering Consulting (Beijing) Co., Ltd". www.obermeyer-cn.com. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  20. "Our Campus". ISA Science City. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  21. "Guangzhou International Biotech Island". subsites.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  22. Inc, Geneseeq Technology. "Geneseeq and AstraZeneca Collaborate to Build Guangzhou Bio-Diagnostics Innovation Center". www.prnewswire.com. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  23. trAIDe GmbH (2021). Zielmarktanalyse China: Gesundheitswirtschaft mit Fokus Biotechnologie [Analysis of the Target Market China: Healthcare Industry with Focus on Biotechnology] (PDF) (in German). trAIDe GmbH. pp. 28–37.
  24. "List of Public High Schools in Guangzhou | ISAC Teach Jobs". ISAC Teach in China Program. 10 July 2020. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  25. "Huangpu intl schools merge to offer nine-year continuous education". eng.gdd.gov.cn. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  26. "Contact Us Archived 15 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine." American International School of Guangzhou. Retrieved on September 16, 2016. "Science Park Campus (Gr.6-12): Address: 19, Kexiang Road Luogang District, Science Park, Guangzhou, PR China, 510663 广州市萝岗区科翔路19号" - Detailed map Archived 16 September 2016 at WebCite
  27. "Early Childhood". ISA Science City. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  28. "SingChin Academy". Retrieved 25 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. "广州大学黄埔研究生院". map.baidu.com. Retrieved 29 December 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  30. "University strengthens bond with China in Guangzhou Centre launch". University of Birmingham. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  31. "伯明翰大学广州中心". map.baidu.com. Retrieved 29 December 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  32. Government of Huangpu District (2021). 黄埔区、广州开发区国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要 [Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of Huangpu District, Guangzhou Development Zone and Outline of the Vision 2035] (PDF) (PDF) (in Chinese). p. 111. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  33. "Construction of Guangzhou Jiao Tong University approved". eng.gdd.gov.cn. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  34. "Research Centers-Guangzhou University". english.gzhu.edu.cn. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  35. "Xidian University's Guangzhou institute one step closer to completion". eng.gdd.gov.cn. Retrieved 29 December 2021.


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[ru] Хуанпу (Гуанчжоу)

Хуанпу́ (кит. упр. 黄埔, пиньинь Huángpǔ) — район городского подчинения города субпровинциального значения Гуанчжоу провинции Гуандун (КНР).


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