Woodbine is a borough in Cape May County, New Jersey, United States. It is part of the Ocean City Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 2,472,[17][18][19] reflecting a decline of 244 (−9.0%) from the 2,716 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 38 (+1.4%) from the 2,678 counted in the 1990 Census.[20]
Borough in Cape May County, New Jersey, United States
Borough in New Jersey, United States
Woodbine, New Jersey
Borough
Borough of Woodbine
Woodbine Brotherhood Synagogue
Motto:
"Gateway to the Jersey Cape"
Woodbine Borough highlighted in Cape May County. Inset map: Cape May County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Woodbine was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 3, 1903, from portions of Dennis Township.[21][22]
History
Woodbine was founded in 1891 as a settlement for Eastern European Jews. The Baron DeHirsch Fund, organized by philanthropist Maurice de Hirsch, purchased 5,300 acres (21km2) of land in Dennis Township in Cape May County to start a settlement. Immigrants from Poland and Russia were invited to settle the new community. Within two years, they cleared the forest and built a settlement with thriving farms, with 800 acres (3.2km2) of land set aside as town lots. The residential center of Woodbine still uses the same grid that was originally laid out in 1891. Using modern agricultural practices under the direction of agriculturist and chemist Hirsch Loeb Sabsovich,[23][24] the first colonists (Woodbine was sometimes called the "Jewish Colony" in the early days) turned Woodbine into a model agricultural community.
Woodbine was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 3, 1903, from portions of Dennis Township.[21] Because most of the original settlers were Jewish, Woodbine became known as "the first self-governing Jewish community since the fall of Jerusalem."[25]
The community started the Baron DeHirsch Agricultural College in 1894. Until it was closed during World War I (1917), the college was a model of progressive education. The college and its graduates won many state, national, and international awards. World War I, however, signaled a change in the community from an agricultural economy to one with a light manufacturing economy. The Baron DeHirsch Agricultural College became what is today the Woodbine Developmental Center, a state-run facility for training the mentally handicapped. The Developmental Center is Cape May County's largest employer.[26]
During World War II, the United States Army built an airfield in Woodbine to be used as a training base and as a base for anti-submarine patrols. German U-boats were very active off the East Coast of America, especially off the Jersey coast. Today, Woodbine Municipal Airport is the center of Woodbine's redevelopment efforts.[27]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 8.02 square miles (20.77km2), all of which was land.[1][2]
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Woodbine has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[31]
The 2010 United States census counted 2,472 people, 757 households, and 516 families in the borough. The population density was 308.2 per square mile (119.0/km2). There were 1,079 housing units at an average density of 134.5 per square mile (51.9/km2). The racial makeup was 58.21% (1,439) White, 24.72% (611) Black or African American, 0.24% (6) Native American, 0.73% (18) Asian, 0.00% (0) Pacific Islander, 12.30% (304) from other races, and 3.80% (94) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.22% (574) of the population.[17]
Of the 757 households, 27.7% had children under the age of 18; 38.0% were married couples living together; 23.4% had a female householder with no husband present and 31.8% were non-families. Of all households, 26.3% were made up of individuals and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.13.[17]
20.6% of the population were under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 24.4% from 25 to 44, 33.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.0 years. For every 100 females, the population had 135.0 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 143.1 males.[17]
The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $28,125 (with a margin of error of +/− $7,957) and the median family income was $25,254 (+/− $5,816). Males had a median income of $35,500 (+/− $7,453) versus $31,298 (+/− $9,891) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $15,734 (+/− $2,126). About 33.9% of families and 38.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.8% of those under age 18 and 15.8% of those age 65 or over.[39]
Census 2000
As of the 2000 United States Census[14] there were 2,716 people, 773 households, and 558 families residing in the borough. The population density was 339.6 people per square mile (131.1/km2). There were 1,080 housing units at an average density of 135.1 per square mile (52.1/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 53.39% White, 32.40% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 11.01% from other races, and 2.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21.24% of the population.[37][38]
There were 773 households, out of which 41.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 27.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.21.[37][38]
In the borough the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 142.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 158.2 males.[37][38]
The median income for a household in the borough was $30,298, and the median income for a family was $31,786. Males had a median income of $30,139 versus $24,150 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $13,335. About 18.8% of families and 17.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.9% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.[37][38]
Government
A political meeting in Woodbine c.1890s
Local government
Woodbine is governed under the Borough form of New Jersey municipal government, which is used in 218 municipalities (of the 565) statewide, making it the most common form of government in New Jersey.[40] The governing body is comprised of the Mayor and the Borough Council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. A Mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The Borough Council is comprised of six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle.[3] The Borough form of government used by Woodbine is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.[41][42]
As of 2020[update], the Mayor of Woodbine is Republican William Pikolycky, whose term of office ends on December 31, 2022. The members of the Woodbine Borough Council are Council President Eduardo Ortiz (R, 2022), David Bennet (R, 2020), Michael E. Benson (R, 2021), Hector L. Cruz (R, 2020), Joseph E. Johnson III (R, 2021) and Mary Helen Perez (R, 2022).[4][43][44][45][46][47][48]
In 2018, the borough had an average property tax bill of $1,947, the lowest in the county, compared to an average bill of $4,301 in Cumberland County and $8,767 statewide.[49][50]
Federal, state and county representation
Woodbine is located in the 2nd Congressional District[51] and is part of New Jersey's 1st state legislative district.[18][52][53]
For the 2022–2023 session, the 1st Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Mike Testa (R, Vineland) and in the General Assembly by Antwan McClellan (R, Ocean City) and Erik K. Simonsen (R, Lower Township).[58]
Cape May County is governed by a five-person Board of County Commissioners whose members are elected at-large on a partisan basis to three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year; At an annual reorganization held each January, the commissioners select one member to serve as director and another to serve as vice-director.[59] As of 2022[update], Cape May County's Commissioners are
Commissioner Director Gerald M. Thornton (R, Middle Township; term as commissioner and as commissioner director ends December 31, 2022),[60]
Commissioner Vice-Director Leonard C. Desiderio (R, Sea Isle City; term as commissioner ends 2024; term as vice-director ends 2022),[61]
E. Marie Hayes (R, Ocean City; 2022),[62]
Will Morey (R, Wildwood Crest; 2023)[63] and
Jeffrey L. Pierson (R. Upper Township; 2023).[64][59][65] The county's constitutional officers are
County Clerk Rita Marie Rothberg (R, 2025, Ocean City),[66][67]
Sheriff Robert Nolan (R, 2023, Lower Township)[68][69] and
Surrogate Dean Marcolongo (R, 2022, Upper Township).[70][71][72][65]
Watertower
Politics
As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 1,470 registered voters in Woodbine, of which 286 (19.5%) were registered as Democrats, 537 (36.5%) were registered as Republicans and 647 (44.0%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were no voters registered to other parties.[73]
In the 2012 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 71.6% of the vote (641 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 27.4% (245 votes), and other candidates with 1.0% (9 votes), among the 917 ballots cast by the borough's 1,410 registered voters (22 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 65.0%.[74][75] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 66.4% of the vote (708 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain, who received 29.8% (318 votes), with 1,066 ballots cast among the borough's 1,386 registered voters, for a turnout of 76.9%.[76] In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 59.0% of the vote (526 ballots cast), outpolling Republican George W. Bush, who received around 38.6% (344 votes), with 891 ballots cast among the borough's 1,344 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 66.3.[77]
In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 49.3% of the vote (302 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 46.3% (284 votes), and other candidates with 4.4% (27 votes), among the 793 ballots cast by the borough's 1,387 registered voters (180 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 57.2%.[78][79] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Democrat Jon Corzine received 56.5% of the vote (476 ballots cast), ahead of both Republican Chris Christie with 29.2% (246 votes) and Independent Chris Daggett with 3.3% (28 votes), with 842 ballots cast among the borough's 1,540 registered voters, yielding a 54.7% turnout.[80]
Education
Woodbine branch of the Cape May Public Library
The Woodbine School District serves students in public school for pre-kindergarten through eighth grade at Woodbine Elementary School.[81] As of the 2018–2019 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 239 students and 23.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.1:1.[82]
Public school students in ninth through twelfth grades attend Middle Township High School as part of a sending/receiving relationship that began with the 2013–2014 school year;[83] students from Avalon, Dennis Township and Stone Harbor also attend the school.[84][85] As of the 2018–2019 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 767 students and 64.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.9:1.[86]
Students from Woodbine had previously been sent to attend high school in Millville, as part of a relationship with the Millville Public Schools.[87] Students attended
Memorial High School[88] for ninth grade and half of tenth and
Millville Senior High School[89] for 10th grade through the 12th grade[90] with those in attendance as of the 2013–2014 school year completing until their graduation.[91]
Students are also eligible to attend Cape May County Technical High School in Cape May Court House, which serves students from the entire county in its comprehensive and vocational programs, which are offered without charge to students who are county residents.[92][93] Special needs students may be referred to Cape May County Special Services School District in the Cape May Court House area.
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden operates Bishop McHugh Regional School, a Catholic K–8 school, in the Ocean View area, in Dennis Township,[94] which has a Cape May Courthouse postal address.[95] It is the parish school of Marmora/Woodbine Catholic Church and three other churches.[96]
The Cape May County Public Library operates the Woodbine Branch.[97]
Infrastructure
The Cape May County Municipal Utilities Authority's Sanitary Landfill is in Woodbine.[98]
Transportation
CR 550 westbound in Woodbine
Roads and highways
As of May2010[update], the borough had a total of 32.45 miles (52.22km) of roadways, of which 19.61 miles (31.56km) were maintained by the municipality and 12.84 miles (20.66km) by Cape May County.[99]
No Interstate, U.S. or state highways traverse Woodbine. The most significant roads serving the borough are County Route 550 and County Route 557.
See also: Category:People from Woodbine, New Jersey
People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Woodbine include:
Samuel Gallu (1918–1991), writer and producer and director of film and television[102]
Bubba Green (born 1957), former defensive lineman who played in the NFL for one season for the Baltimore Colts[103]
Jacob Goodale Lipman (1874–1939), professor of agricultural chemistry and researcher in the fields of soil chemistry and bacteriology[104]
Calvin Murray (born 1958), running back who played in the NFL for the Philadelphia Eagles[105]
Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903–1967), biologist and researcher who co-invented the combined oral contraceptive pill[106]
Joseph Rabinowitz, founder of the Woodbine Children's Clothing Company, the community's largest employer, who was elected at age 37 in 1910 as third mayor of Woodbine; his descendants include grandson, Jay Rabinowitz, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Alaska; Robert Rabinowitz, creator of Beatlemania, clinical psychologist Barrie R. Cassileth and Olympic athlete Judy Rabinowitz[107][108][109]
Herman Rosenthal (1843–1917), author, editor and librarian[110]
Hirsch Loeb Sabsovich (1860–1921), agronomist, chemist and agricultural educator who served as the first mayor of Woodbine[24]
Katznelson, J. L.; Ginzburg, Baron D., eds. (1912). "Сабсович, Гирш Лейб". Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron (in Russian). Vol.13. St. Petersburg: Brockhaus & Efron. pp.802–803.
Sabsovich, Katharine. Adventures in Idealism: A Personal Record of the Life of Professor Sabsovich, Stratford Press, 1922. Accessed August 9, 2016. "In its gratitude, of course, Woodbine unanimously elected Professor Sabsovich its first Mayor, and its Mayor he continued until he was called to New York City to assume the responsibilities of general manager of the Baron de Hirsch Fund."
2018 Property Tax Information, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, updated January 16, 2019. Accessed November 7, 2019.
Marcus, Samantha. "These are the towns with the lowest property taxes in each of N.J.’s 21 counties", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, April 30, 2019. Accessed November 7, 2019. "New Jersey’s average property tax bill may have hit $8,767 last year — a new record — but taxpayers in some parts of the state pay just a fraction of that.... The average property tax bill in Woodbine Borough was $1,947 in 2018 the lowest in Cape May County."
Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.
Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate, January 26, 2015. "Menendez, who started his political career in Union City, moved in September from Paramus to one of Harrison's new apartment buildings near the town's PATH station.."
Board of County Commissioners, Cape May County, New Jersey. Accessed April 28, 2022. "Cape May County Government is governed by a Board of County Commissioners. These individuals are elected at large by the citizens of Cape May County and hold spaced 3-year terms." Note that as of date accessed, Desiderio is listed with an incorrect term-end year of 2020.
Gerald M. Thornton, Cape May County, New Jersey. Accessed April 28, 2022.
2009 Governor: Cape May CountyArchived October 17, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed October 18, 2012.
Woodbine School District 2016 Report Card Narrative, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed March 13, 2020. "The Woodbine Elementary School is a single building rural school that houses students in preschool through eighth grade. Currently, the school has an enrollment of 220 students. Following graduation from eighth grade, the students attend Middle Township High School, the Cape May County Technical High School, as well as other private schools for their secondary education."
Middle Township High School 2015 School Report Card, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed March 13, 2020. "Middle Township High School is a four-year, accredited, comprehensive high school situated in central Cape May County. The school serves the communities of Middle Township, Dennis Township, Avalon, Stone Harbor, and Woodbine Borough."
Home page, Middle Township Public Schools. Accessed March 13, 2020. "The high school is a four-year comprehensive public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades. In addition to students from Middle Township, students from Avalon, Dennis Township, Stone Harbor and Woodbine attend the high school as part of sending/receiving relationships."
Campbell, Al. "Woodbine School Proposes Consolidation with Middle Schools", Cape May County Herald, February 27, 2008. Accessed April 6, 2011. "One key factor, said Kopakowski, is Woodbine's sending-receiving relationship with Millville School District. That Cumberland County district, with about 6,400 pupils K-12 has long educated Woodbine's high school students."
Memorial High SchoolArchived 2013-07-19 at the Wayback Machine, Millville Public Schools. Accessed September 1, 2013.
Schools DirectoryArchived 2014-09-22 at the Wayback Machine, Millville Public Schools. Accessed September 1, 2013.
Campbell, Al. 'Woodbine Freshmen to Enter Middle Township High School in September", Cape May County Herald, August 7, 2013. Accessed July 26, 2014. "That's due the July 29 decision by state Commissioner of Education Chris Cerf to permit eighth grade graduates from Woodbine to enter Middle Township High School instead of Millville High School. Pupils presently enrolled at Millville High School from Woodbine will graduate from there, to minimize impact on them."
Frequently Asked Questions, Cape May County Technical High School. Accessed October 27, 2019. "All residents of Cape May County are eligible to attend Cape May County Technical High School.... The Cape May County Technical High School is a public school so there is no cost to residents of Cape May County."
Technical High School Admissions, Cape May County Technical High School. Accessed October 27, 2019. "All students who are residents of Cape May County may apply to the Technical High School."
South Jersey Transit GuideArchived 2018-09-29 at the Wayback Machine, Cross County Connection, as of April 1, 2010. Accessed December 15, 2014.
Associated Press. "Samuel Gallu, 73, Playwright, Tv Producer", The Morning Call, March 30, 1991. Accessed June 13, 2020. "Samuel G. Gallu Jr., a television producer who also wrote the play Give 'Em Hell, Harry, about Harry S. Truman died of cancer Wednesday in Doylestown Hospital.... Born in Woodbine, N.J., Gallu sang opera in the 1940s with the Metropolitan Opera Workshop."
"People & Events: Gregory Pincus (1903-1967)", American Experience. Accessed November 2, 2015. "Born in 1903 to Russian Jewish immigrants in Woodbine, New Jersey, Pincus won a scholarship to Cornell University, where he excelled in biology."
Staff. "Woodbine's history recalled", Courier Post, April 16, 2001. Accessed August 22, 2011. "'It was like a large extended family here', said Julie Meranze-Levitt, whose grandfather Joseph Rabinowitz was the borough's third mayor".
Sutton, Robert P. Modern American Communes: A Dictionary, p. 143. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005. ISBN9780313321818. Accessed November 2, 2015. "Herman Rosenthal (1843-1917) was born in Friedrichsstadt, Russia, and was a founder of the Sicily Island colony and a resident of the Woodbine colony."
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