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Winn Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 15,313.[1] Its seat is Winnfield.[2] The parish was founded in 1852.[3] It is last in alphabetical order of Louisiana's sixty-four parishes.

Winn Parish, Louisiana
Parish
Parish of Winn
Winn Parish Courthouse in Winnfield
Location within the U.S. state of Louisiana
Louisiana's location within the US
Country	United States
State	Louisiana
Region	North Louisiana
Founded	February 24, 1852
Named for	Walter Winn or Winfield Scott
Parish seat (and largest city)	Winnfield
Area
• Total	2,480 km2 (957 sq mi)
• Land	2,500 km2 (950 sq mi)
• Water	17 km2 (6.7 sq mi)
• percentage	2 km2 (0.7 sq mi)
Population  (2010)
• Total	15,313
• Estimate  (2018)	14,134
• Density	6.2/km2 (16/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC-6 (CST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (CDT)
Area code	318
Congressional district	5th

Winn is separated from Natchitoches Parish along U.S. Highway 71 by Saline Bayou, the first blackwater protected waterway in the American South.

History

Winn Parish was established in 1852 from lands which had belonged to the parishes of Catahoula, Natchitoches, and Rapides.[3]

During the Civil War, David Pierson, a young attorney, was elected to represent the parish at the Secession Convention called in January 1861 in Baton Rouge by Governor Thomas Overton Moore. Pierson voted against secession and refused, along with several others, to change his "no" vote at the end of the process when asked to do so to make the final tally unanimous.^{[citation needed]}

That these conscripts refused to fight for the Confederacy is understandable considering that Union support was higher in north Louisiana, and especially high in Winn Parish.[4] The Confederate States Army defeated a Union detachment sent to destroy a salt works in the parish. Winn Parish contributed to the $80,000 raised to build fortifications on the nearby Red River.[5]

After the war, bandits roamed the Natchez Trace or Harrisonburg Road that ran through the lower part of the parish. Among the worst were the West and Kimbrell clan. For seven years they preyed especially on travelers and migrants passing through the area.[6]

In April 1873, white Democrats forming a militia from Winn Parish joined with ex-Confederate veterans from Rapides and Grant parishes against Republican blacks in the Colfax massacre in neighboring Grant Parish.[7][8] They attacked freedmen defending the parish courthouse and two Republican officeholders in the aftermath to the disputed gubernatorial election of 1872. Among the 80–150 blacks killed were at least 50 who had surrendered; a total of three white men were killed in the confrontation.[9][10][11][12]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the parish has a total area of 957 square miles (2,480 km²), of which 950 square miles (2,500 km²) is land and 6.7 square miles (17 km²) (0.7%) is water.[13]

Major highways

Adjacent parishes

• Jackson Parish (north)
• Caldwell Parish (northeast)
• La Salle Parish (southeast)
• Grant Parish (south)
• Natchitoches Parish (west)
• Bienville Parish (northwest)

National protected area

• Kisatchie National Forest (part)
• Saline Bayou

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1860	6,876		—
1870	4,954		−28.0%
1880	5,846		18.0%
1890	7,082		21.1%
1900	9,648		36.2%
1910	18,357		90.3%
1920	16,119		−12.2%
1930	14,766		−8.4%
1940	16,923		14.6%
1950	16,119		−4.8%
1960	16,034		−0.5%
1970	16,369		2.1%
1980	17,253		5.4%
1990	16,269		−5.7%
2000	16,894		3.8%
2010	15,313		−9.4%
2018 (est.)	14,134	[14]	−7.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[15] 1790–1960[16] 1900–1990[17] 1990–2000[18] 2010–2013[1]

2020 census

Winn Parish racial composition[19]

Race	Number	Percentage
White (non-Hispanic)	8,498	61.78%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	3,518	25.58%
Native American	77	0.56%
Asian	172	1.25%
Pacific Islander	16	0.12%
Other/Mixed	451	3.28%
Hispanic or Latino	1,023	7.44%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 13,755 people, 5,483 households, and 3,661 families residing in the parish.

2000 census

As of the census[20] of 2000, there were 16,894 people, 5,930 households, and 4,234 families residing in the parish. The population density was 18 people per square mile (7/km²). There were 7,502 housing units at an average density of 8 per square mile (3/km²). The racial makeup of the parish was 66.27% White, 32.03% Black or African American, 0.50% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.13% from other races, and 0.86% from two or more races. 0.87% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 35.9% were of American, 7.2% Irish and 4.9% English ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 5,930 households, out of which 32.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.80% were married couples living together, 15.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.60% were non-families. 26.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the parish the population was spread out, with 24.80% under the age of 18, 9.60% from 18 to 24, 28.90% from 25 to 44, 22.70% from 45 to 64, and 14.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 110.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 113.20 males.

The median income for a household in the parish was $25,462, and the median income for a family was $31,513. Males had a median income of $29,094 versus $17,939 for females. The per capita income for the parish was $11,794. About 17.00% of families and 21.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.40% of those under age 18 and 24.20% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Winn Parish School Board operates local public schools in all of the county.[21]

New Winn Parish Library

Corrections

Winn Correctional Center is in an unincorporated section of Winn Parish. Corrections Corporation of America, under contract with Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections, once operated the prison.[22]

National Guard

"A" Company of the Louisiana National Guard 199th Forward Support Battalion was previously located in Winnfield, Louisiana. The unit deployed twice to Iraq as part of the 256TH IBCT in 2004-5 and 2010. The unit's Winnfield Armory was closed.^{[citation needed]}

Communities

City

• Winnfield (parish seat and largest municipality)

Town

• Tullos (partial)

Villages

• Atlanta
• Calvin
• Dodson
• Sikes

Census-designated places

• Jordan Hill
• Joyce
• Saint Maurice

Unincorporated communities

• Packton[23]
• Tannehill
• Wheeling

Hospital

• Winn Parish Medical Center

Politics

Notable people

• Morris N. Abrams, educator[25]
• O.K. Allen, governor of Louisiana
• Bryant W. Bailey, politician, Winn Parish sheriff from 1908 to 1912
• William C. Edenborn, inventor and industrialist[26]
• T. H. Harris, Louisiana state superintendent of education from 1908 to 1940
• Huey Long, governor of Louisiana
• Earl Kemp Long, governor of Louisiana
• Charlton Lyons, Republican candidate for governor in 1964, practiced law in Winnfield prior to 1930
• Keith M. Pyburn, state representative for Caddo Parish from 1948 to 1952; born and resided in Dodson in Winn Parish from 1910 to 1925
• Terry Reeves, district attorney for Winn Parish from 1991 until his death in office in 2005[27]
• Calvin Marion Robinson, sheriff of Winn Parish prior to 1956
• Roy Sanders, educator and state representative from Natchitoches Parish from 1948 to 1952; born in Winn Parish

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Winn Parish, Louisiana

References

На других языках

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[de] Winn Parish

Das Winn Parish[1] (frz.: Paroisse de Winn) ist ein Parish im Bundesstaat Louisiana der Vereinigten Staaten. Bei der Volkszählung im Jahr 2010 hatte das Parish 15.313 Einwohner und eine Bevölkerungsdichte von 6,2 Einwohnern pro Quadratkilometer. Bis 2014 verringerte sich die Einwohnerzahl auf 14.743.[2] Der Verwaltungssitz (Parish Seat) ist Winnfield.[3]

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- [en] Winn Parish, Louisiana

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[ru] Уинн (приход)

Прихо́д Уи́нн (англ. Winn Parish, фр. Paroisse de Winn) — один из приходов штата Луизиана, США. Официально образован в 1852 году. По состоянию на 2010 год, численность населения составляла 15 313 человек.

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