Clay County is located in the U.S. state of Missouri and is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 253,335,[1] making it the fifth-most populous county in Missouri. Its county seat is Liberty.[2] The county was organized January 2, 1822, and named in honor of U.S. Representative Henry Clay from Kentucky, later a member of the United States Senate and United States Secretary of State.[3][4]
County in Missouri, United States
U.S. county in Missouri
Clay County
U.S. county
South side of the Clay County Courthouse (designed by Wight and Wight) in Liberty
Clay County contains many of the area's northern suburbs, along with a substantial portion of the city of Kansas City, Missouri. It also owns and operates the Midwest National Air Center in Excelsior Springs.
History
Clay County was settled primarily from migrants from the Upper Southern states of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia. They brought enslaved persons and slaveholding traditions with them, and quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky: hemp and tobacco. Clay was one of several counties settled mostly by Southerners to the north and south of the Missouri River. Given their culture and traditions, this area became known as Little Dixie. In 1860, enslaved persons made up 25% or more of the county's population.[5]
The 1828 execution of Annice, a slave owned by Jeremiah Prior, was the first to occur in Clay County.[6] She was also the first female slave executed in the state of Missouri.[7]
Many members of the Latter Day Saint movement found refuge in Clay County in November 1833. In 1836, mobs and the Missouri State militia viciously drove the members of the church from the county.[8] Leaders of this church, most notably Joseph Smith, were imprisoned for some months in Clay County in the jail at Liberty. In May 2012, the LDS Church opened a Kansas City Missouri Temple six miles southwest of the Liberty Jail site at 7001 Searcy Creek Parkway in Kansas City, Missouri.[9]
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 409 square miles (1,060km2), of which 397 square miles (1,030km2) is land and 11 square miles (28km2) (2.8%) is covered by water.[10] It is the fourth-smallest county in Missouri by area.
U.S. Decennial Census[11] 1790-1960[12] 1900-1990[13] 1990-2000[14] 2010-2019[15]
As of the census[16] of 2010, 221,939 people, 72,558 households, and 50,137 families resided in the county. The population density was 558 people per square mile (216/km2). The 93,918 housing units averaged 236 per squaremile (91/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 87.46% White, 5.18% Black or African American, 0.53% Native American, 2.05% Asian, 0.26% Pacific Islander, 1.77% from other races, and 2.75% from two or more races. About 5.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. As of the census[17] of 2000, 23.3% were of German, 14.5% American, 11.0% English, 10.8% Irish, and 5.6% Italian ancestry.
Of the 72,558 households, 33.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.40% were married couples living together, 10.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.90% were not families. About 25.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the county, the population was distributed as 25.80% under the age of 18, 8.70% from 18 to 24, 32.30% from 25 to 44, 22.30% from 45 to 64, and 10.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.80 males.
In 2015 the median income for a household in Clay County was $62,099. The income per capita in Clay county was $29,793.
[18]
In 2010 the median income for a household in the county was $48,347, and for a family was $56,772. Males had a median income of $40,148 versus $27,681 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,144. About 3.80% of families and 5.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.40% of those under age 18 and 5.50% of those age 65 or over.
This section does not cite any sources. (June 2014)
Local
The three-person Clay County Commission oversees the issues of Clay County. The current makeup of the commissioners is two Republicans and one Democrat.
Clay County, Missouri
Elected countywide officials
Assessor
Tracy Baldwin
Republican
Auditor
Victor S. Hurlbert
Republican
Circuit Clerk
Lee Bucksath
Republican
County Clerk
Megan Thompson
Republican
Collector
Lydia McEvoy
Republican
Commissioner (Presiding)
Jerry Nolte
Republican
Commissioner (Eastern District)
Megan Thompson
Republican
Commissioner (Western District)
Jon Carpenter
Democratic
Prosecuting Attorney
Dan White
Democratic
Public Administrator
Sarah Mills Rottgers
Republican
Recorder
Katee Porter
Republican
Sheriff
Will Akin
Republican
Treasurer
Bob Nance
Republican
State
Past Gubernatorial Elections Results
Year
Republican
Democratic
Third Parties
2020
51.38%64,682
46.25% 58,224
2.36% 2,972
2016
48.97%53,883
47.65% 52,429
3.37% 3,712
2012
41.53% 43,398
55.47%57,962
3.00% 3,138
2008
38.64% 41,518
58.95%63,341
2.40% 2,583
2004
46.70% 44,763
51.72%49,573
1.58% 1,520
2000
46.57% 36,983
51.31%40,747
2.12% 1,689
1996
34.29% 23,524
63.54%43,593
2.18% 1,493
Clay County is divided into eight legislative districts in the Missouri House of Representatives, five of which are held by Republicans and three by Democrats.
District 8 — Randy Railsback (R— Hamilton) — Consists of Holt and Lawson.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 8 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Randy Railsback
1,657
100.00%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 8 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
James W. (Jim) Neely
1,102
67.94%
Democratic
Caleb McKnight
518
31.94%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 8 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
James W. (Jim) Neely
1,603
100.00%
+25.52
Missouri House of Representatives — District 8 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
James W. (Jim) Neely
686
74.48%
+9.46
Democratic
Ted Rights
235
25.52%
-9.46
Missouri House of Representatives — District 8 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
James W. (Jim) Neely
1,106
65.02%
Democratic
James T. (Jim) Crenshaw
595
34.98%
District 12 — Josh Hurlbert (R— Smithville) — consists of Smithville, a part of Kansas City, and a part of Kearney.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 12 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Josh Hurlbert
11,313
64.70%
Democratic
Wade Hugh Kiefer
6,172
35.30%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 12 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Kenneth Wilson
7,725
59.63%
Democratic
Sandy Van Wagner
5,221
40.30%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 12 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Kenneth Wilson
8,930
60.90%
-4.80
Democratic
Sandy Van Wagner
5,307
36.19%
+1.89
Libertarian
Glenn Gustitus
427
2.91%
+2.91
Missouri House of Representatives — District 12 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Kenneth Wilson
5,077
65.70%
-34.30
Democratic
Sandy Van Wagner
2,651
34.30%
+34.30
Missouri House of Representatives — District 12 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Kenneth Wilson
11,540
100.00%
District 14 — Ashley Aune (D- Kansas City) — consists of a small part of Kansas City.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 14 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Ashley Aune
508
64.63%
Republican
Eric Holmes
278
35.37%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 14 — Clay County (2018)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Kevin Corlew
185
35.92%
-10.05
Democratic
Matt Sain
330
64.08%
+10.05
Missouri House of Representatives — District 14 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Kevin Corlew
211
45.87%
-5.24
Democratic
Martin T. Rucker II
249
54.13%
+5.24
Missouri House of Representatives — District 14 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Kevin Corlew
92
51.11%
-0.41
Democratic
Stephanie Isaacson
88
48.89%
+0.41
Missouri House of Representatives — District 14 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Ron Scheiber
204
51.52%
Democratic
Eric Pendell
192
48.48%
District 15 — Maggie Nurrenbern (D—Kansas City) — consists of Gladstone, Oaks, Oakview, Oakwood, Oakwood Park, and a part of Kansas City.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 15 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Maggie Nurrenbern
10,581
58.12%
Republican
Steve West
7,624
41.88%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 15 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Jon Carpenter
9,281
62.91%
Republican
Steve West
5,411
36.68%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 15 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Jon Carpenter
12,835
100.00%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 15 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Jon Carpenter
5,541
100.00%
+43.83
Missouri House of Representatives — District 15 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Jon Carpenter
9,294
56.17%
Republican
Kevin Corlew
7,251
43.83%
District 16 — Chris Brown (R—Kansas City) — consists of a part of Kansas City.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 16 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Chris Brown
15,638
57.48%
Democratic
James Shackelford
11,567
42.52%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 16 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Noel J. Shull
10,771
55.11%
Democratic
Tom Gorenc
8,746
44.75%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 16 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Noel J. Shull
16,969
100.00%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 16 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Noel J. Shull
7,010
100.00%
+38.73
Missouri House of Representatives — District 16 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Noel J. Shull
11,290
61.27%
Democratic
Jim Sweere
7,138
38.73%
District 17 — Mark Ellebracht (D— Liberty) — consists of the communities of Birmingham, Claycomo, Glenaire, a part of Kansas City, and a part of Liberty.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 17 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Mark Ellebracht
10,497
55.61%
Republican
Brandt Vircks
8,378
44.39%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 17 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Mark Ellebracht
8,649
56.58%
Republican
Mary Hill
6,612
43.26%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 17 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Mark Ellebracht
8,979
50.52%
+0.92
Republican
Mary Hill
8,146
45.83%
-4.57
Libertarian
Erik S. Buck
649
3.65%
+3.65
Missouri House of Representatives — District 17 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Mark Ellebracht
4,504
49.60%
+0.22
Republican
S. Nick King
4,576
50.40%
-0.22
Missouri House of Representatives — District 17 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Mark Ellebracht
8,500
49.38%
Republican
Myron Neth
8,713
50.62%
District 18 — Wes Rogers (D— Kansas City) — consists of the communities of Avondale, part of Kansas City, and North Kansas City.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 18 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Wes Rogers
13,737
100.00%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 18 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Wes Rogers
8,358
56.87%
Republican
Sarah Mills
6,316
42.98%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 18 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Lauren Arthur
12,734
100.00%
+43.80
Missouri House of Representatives — District 18 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Lauren Arthur
4,284
56.20%
-43.80
Republican
Robert Rowland
3,339
43.80%
+43.80
Missouri House of Representatives — District 18 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Jay Swearingen
12,694
100.00%
District 38 — Doug Richey (R— Excelsior Springs) — consists of Excelsior Springs, part of Kansas City, part of Kearney, part of Liberty, Missouri City, Mosby, and Prathersville.
Missouri House of Representatives — District 38 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Doug Richey
16,385
100.00%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 38 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Doug Richey
9,341
57.72%
Democratic
Abby Zavos
6,823
42.16%
Missouri House of Representatives — District 38 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
T.J. Berry
13,391
77.03%
-22.97
Libertarian
Brian Lautenschlager
3,993
22.97%
+22.97
Missouri House of Representatives — District 38 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
T.J. Berry
7,044
100.00%
+40.65
Missouri House of Representatives — District 38 — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
T.J. Berry
10,215
59.35%
Democratic
Kevin Morgan
6,997
40.65%
Clay County is divided into two districts in the Missouri Senate, both of which are held by Republicans.
District 12 — Dan Hegeman (R-Cosby) -- consists of the communities of Excelsior Springs, Holt, Kearney, Lawson, Missouri City, Mosby, Prathersville, and Smithville.
Missouri Senate — Senate 12 — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Dan Hegeman
12,666
63.50%
Democratic
Terry Richard
7,253
36.36%
Missouri Senate — Senate 12 — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Dan Hegeman
9,718
100.00%
District 17 – Lauren Arthur (D-Kansas City) - consists of the communities of Avondale, Birmingham, Claycomo, Gladstone, Glenaire, Liberty, North Kansas City, Oaks, Oakview, Oakwood, Oakwood Park, Pleasant Valley, Randolph, Sugar Creek, and a part of Kansas City.
Missouri Senate — District 17 — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Lauren Arthur
51,690
53.38%
Republican
Mickey Younghanz
45,141
46.62%
Missouri Senate — District 17 — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Ryan Silvey
51,262
61.26%
+8.47
Democratic
J. Ranen Bechthold
32,422
38.74%
-8.47
Missouri Senate — District 17 — Clay County (2012)
Clay County is split between the 5th and 6th congressional districts of Missouri. The southern 30% of the county is represented by Emanuel Cleaver (D-Kansas City).
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 5th Congressional District — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Emanuel Cleaver II
19,072
54.16%
Republican
Ryan Derks
15,000
42.59%
Libertarian
Robin Dominick
1,142
3.24%
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 5th Congressional District — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Emanuel Cleaver II
16,101
56.42%
Republican
Jacob Turk
11,381
39.88%
Libertarian
Alexander Copeland
713
2.50%
Green
Alexander Copeland
224
0.78%
Constitution
E.C. Fredland
94
0.33%
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 5th Congressional District — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Emanuel Cleaver II
17,151
52.94%
+8.73
Republican
Jacob Turk
13,804
42.60%
-7.67
Libertarian
Roy Welborn
1,445
4.46%
-1.06
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 5th Congressional District — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Emanuel Cleaver II
6,711
44.21%
-10.50
Republican
Jacob Turk
7,631
50.27%
+8.99
Libertarian
Roy Welborn
838
5.52%
+1.51
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 5th Congressional District — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Democratic
Emanuel Cleaver II
17,449
54.71%
Republican
Jacob Turk
13,163
41.28%
Libertarian
Randy Langkraehr
1,278
4.01%
The northern 70% of the county is represented by Sam Graves (R-Tarkio).
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri’s 6th Congressional District — Clay County (2020)[23]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Sam Graves
52,532
59.00%
Democratic
Gena L. Ross
34,575
38.83%
Libertarian
Jim Higgiins
1,930
2.17%
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri’s 6th Congressional District — Clay County (2018)[24]
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Sam Graves
39,598
58.35%
Democratic
Henry Robert Martini
26,440
38.96%
Libertarian
Dan Hogan
1,777
2.62%
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri’s 6th Congressional District — Clay County (2016)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Sam Graves
47,760
63.14%
-1.00
Democratic
David M. Blackwell
25,056
33.12%
+1.70
Libertarian
Russ Lee Monchil
1,943
2.57%
-1.87
Green
Mike Diel
886
1.17%
+1.17
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 6th Congressional District — Clay County (2014)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Sam Graves
23,092
64.14%
+1.12
Democratic
Bill Hedge
11,311
31.42%
-3.05
Libertarian
Russ Lee Monchil
1,599
4.44%
+1.93
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 6th Congressional District — Clay County (2012)
Party
Candidate
Votes
%
±%
Republican
Sam Graves
44,573
63.02%
Democratic
Kyle Yarber
24,385
34.47%
Libertarian
Russ Lee Monchil
1,777
2.51%
Clay County, like the rest of Missouri, has swung to the Republican Party in the 21st century, though the margins have been very close. In 2000, Al Gore famously won the county by one vote. The margins in favor of Republicans have only deepened as the social liberalism of the Democratic Party has cost them votes in white, rural states such as Missouri—though the county, holding Kansas City, is mainly suburban in culture and remains competitive. In 2016, Donald Trump won the county while Hillary Clinton failed to improve on Barack Obama's percentages with only 41% of the vote. Joe Biden, however, did improve on those margins, winning nearly 47% of the vote in 2020; Trump still carried the county by 4%.
United States presidential election results for Clay County, Missouri[25]
T. J. Stiles, Jesse James: The Last Rebel of the Civil War, New York: Vintage Books, 2003, pp.10-11
"In 1828 a slave woman named Annice drowned two of her small children in a stream; she was put upon trial, convicted, and was hung in Liberty, August 23rd following, this being the first legal execution in the county." County History: Clay County, Missouri. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
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