Sürmene (Greek: Σούρμενα, Sourmena; Ottoman Turkish: ﺳﻮرﻣﻨﻪ, romanized as Sürmena[/e]) is a small town and district of Trabzon Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. In ancient times the town of Hyssus or Hyssos (Ancient Greek: Υσσός) was nearby.[3] The mayor is Rahmi Üstün (AKP).

Sürmene
Sürmene
Coordinates: 40°54′51″N 40°06′45″E
Country	Turkey
Province	Trabzon
Government
• Mayor	Rahmi Üstün (AKP)
• Kaymakam	Mustafa Özarslan
Area [1]
• District	226.63 km2 (87.50 sq mi)
Elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Population  (2012)[2]
• Urban	15,445
• District	26,945
• District density	120/km2 (310/sq mi)
Climate	Cfa
Website	www.surmene.bel.tr

Sürmene (Hamurgan) is situated some 40 km (25 mi) east of Trabzon. Known in antiquity also as Susarmia or Augustopolis,^{[citation needed]} it lies on the River Kora (Manahoz Deresi) and is best known as the place where Xenophon and his Ten Thousand fell sick after eating wild honey, an event which was confirmed by the local people. In the village of Kastil, 5 km (3.1 mi) to the west of Sürmene, stands a ruined medieval castle as well as the impressively restored 18th-century Yakupoğlu Memiş Ağa Konağı mansion. This was formerly the seat of the Yakupoğlu family, who lived here as rulers (derebeys, hence its alternative name of Derebeyli Kale, the Castle of the Derebeys) of the surrounding region relatively free of interference from the Ottoman government in faraway Constantinople/Istanbul.

Economy

Historically, Sürmene produced small amounts of manganese. The area also had mineral springs, and shipped bottled water to Istanbul.[4]

Flora and fauna

According to WWF the largest amount of endemic flora is to be found in the Ağaçbaşı yayla (summer upland pasture) in Surmene.^{[permanent dead link]}

• Zehirli biberiye (Andromeda polifolia),
• Böcek yiyen bitkilerden Drosera,
• Pamukotu (Eriophorum angustifolium ve E. latifolium),
• Kurtayağı (Lycopodiella inundata),
• Kara ot (Rhynchospora alba)

Gallery

• 
  Memiş Ağa Mansion in Sürmene
• 
  The Sürmeme Chamber of Commerce was the first chamber of commerce in Turkey
• 
  Sürmene Mekteb-i Rushdiye Sekbanlardan Ahmed Agha Shahadetnamesi (Diploma)
• 
  [5] Çavuşzade Muhammed Ağa's gravestone
• 
  Sürmene Festival on the top of Madur mountain.
• 
  Fatih Akın Turkish film director from Çamburnu, a village of Sürmene
• 
  The route that brought Xenophon's Ten Thousand to Sürmene

See also

• Memiş Aga Mansion
• Memiş Agha
• Madur
• Anabasis (Xenophon)
• Ten Thousand
• Sürmene knife

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sürmene.

• District governor's official website
• District municipality's official website* Surmenem.com - A local website about Sürmene

На других языках

[de] Sürmene

[ru] Сюрмене