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Kongsvinger (pronunciation ) is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Glåmdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Kongsvinger. Other settlements in the municipality include Austmarka, Brandval, Lundersæter, and Roverud.[2]

Kongsvinger kommune
Municipality
View of the town (September 2009)
Kongsvinger within Innlandet
Coordinates: 60°14′35″N 12°13′32″E
CountryNorway
CountyInnlandet
DistrictGlåmdal
Established7 February 1855
  Preceded byVinger Municipality
Administrative centreKongsvinger
Government
  Mayor (2019)Margrethe Haarr (Sp)
Area
  Total1,036.44 km2 (400.17 sq mi)
  Land952.82 km2 (367.89 sq mi)
  Water83.62 km2 (32.29 sq mi)  8.1%
  Rank#111 in Norway
Population
 (2022)
  Total17,949
  Rank#72 in Norway
  Density18.8/km2 (49/sq mi)
  Change (10 years)
 +2.4%
Official language
  Norwegian formBokmål
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
  Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-3401
WebsiteOfficial website

The 1,036-square-kilometre (400 sq mi) municipality is the 111th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Kongsvinger is the 72nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 17,949. The municipality's population density is 18.8 inhabitants per square kilometre (49/sq mi) and its population has increased by 2.4% over the previous 10-year period.[3][4]


General information


In 1854, the King designated the market town of Kongsvinger as a kjøpstad, which gave it special rights. The designation included a small patch of land on both sides of the river Glomma with an area of approximately 5.2 square kilometres (2 sq mi). Because of this designation, on 7 February 1855, the town was separated from the municipality of Vinger to form a separate municipality. Initially, the town had 472 residents and this left Vinger municipality with 10,947 residents. On 1 January 1876, the town was enlarged when an area of Vinger (population: 209) was transferred into Kongsvinger. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the town of Kongsvinger (population: 2,345) and the surrounding municipalities of Vinger (population: 6,257) and Brandval (population: 4,384) were merged to form the new Kongsvinger Municipality. The new municipality of Kongsvinger (briefly) lost its status as an urban municipality (Norwegian: bykommune) after this amalgamation due to merging with rural municipalities. One year later, on 1 January 1965, the government redesignated Kongsvinger as an urban municipality. On 1 January 1974, the unpopulated Lystad area was transferred from Grue Municipality to Kongsvinger Municipality. On 1 January 1986, the northern part of the Åbogen area (population: 14) was transferred from Kongsvinger to the neighboring municipality of Eidskog.[5]


Name


The whole region where Kongsvinger is located was historically called Vinger (Old Norse: Vingr). This name could be related to the river Glomma which flows through the region. One could compare this to the English word swing (for the missing s see Indo-European s-mobile). The river Glomma passes through the center of the district where the south-flowing river takes a sharp northwestward turn. This can be compared to the similar Lithuanian word vìngis which means "bend", "bow", or "turn". This old name used to represent this whole area. The first element of the name Kongs- (meaning "the King's") was added after the Kongsvinger Fortress was built in 1690. It was first applied only to the fortress (written as Königs Winger in old documents). Then, it was later given to the town that grew up around it.[6][2]


Coat of arms


The coat of arms was granted on 25 June 1926. The arms show the Kongsvinger Fortress in gray on a black hill with a red background. Below the fortress is a white line representing the Glomma river. The fortress is of historical importance to the area. The red and white colors were chosen because they are on the Norwegian flag.[7]


Churches


The Church of Norway has three parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Kongsvinger. It is part of the Solør, Vinger og Odal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar.

Churches in Kongsvinger
Parish (sokn)Church nameLocation of the churchYear built
AustmarkaAustmarka ChurchAustmarka1858
BrandvalBrandval ChurchBrandval1651
Lundersæter ChurchLundersæter1868
Roverud ChurchRoverud1969
VingerVinger ChurchKongsvinger1699

History


The area was historically a part of the prestegjeld of Vinger. The village that later became Kongsvinger already existed as a trading center by the Middle Ages, due to the accessibility by natural waterways. Viking chieftains reached Sweden by boat from Kongsvinger. Kongsvinger Fortress was founded in 1669, and a star-shaped plan was laid out for the fortress. Work began in 1682 and it was finished in 1690 as part of a general upgrade to Norwegian fortresses.[8] The building of the fortress formed the foundations for what was to become the town of Kongsvinger. The fortress was built as a defensive structure against the Swedes, and on numerous occasions there have been military engagements in the area around the fortress, but Kongsvinger fortress has never been taken in military combat. Below Kongsvinger fortress lies Øvrebyen, which literally translated means "upper town". This is the oldest part of the town of Kongsvinger, and one can still find a number of the original houses built after the establishment of the fortress. Kongsvinger Museum is located here, together with a museum of female emancipation in a building called "Rolighed", the home of Dagny Juel, the famous author once portrayed by Edvard Munch.

The rural, eastern parts of Kongsvinger and its neighboring municipalities to the north and south were populated at the end of the 17th century by Finnish emigrants who came across the Swedish border. The area is called Finnskogen which means "The Finnish forest".

Kongsvinger played an important part in the Norwegian resistance force against the Nazis being a gateway to Sweden. Norway's highest decorated citizen, Gunnar Sønsteby frequently passed through Kongsvinger in his work to sabotage the Nazis' installations in Norway. Some of the busiest escape routes for refugees also went through Kongsvinger to Sweden.

From 1983 to 1999, and again in 2010, Kongsvinger's association football team KIL Toppfotball held a position in the Norwegian Premier League. It made some notable merits participating in the UEFA Cup and winning a silver medal during the 1992 season.


Government


All municipalities in Norway, including Kongsvinger, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elects a mayor.[9] The municipality falls under the Romerike og Glåmdal District Court and the Eidsivating Court of Appeal.


Municipal council


The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Kongsvinger is made up of 33 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the council is as follows:

Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 20202023 [10]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)10
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)2
 Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne)1
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet)3
 Red Party (Rødt)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)8
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)2
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:33
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 20162019 [11][12]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)16
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)3
 Green Party (Miljøpartiet De Grønne)1
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet)2
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:33
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 20122015 [13]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)11
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)5
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet)5
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)1
 Liberal Party (Venstre)2
Total number of members:33
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 20082011 [12]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)10
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)6
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Pensioners' Party (Pensjonistpartiet)5
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:33
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 20042007 [12]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)12
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)5
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)6
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:33
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 20002003 [12]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)12
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)4
 Conservative Party (Høyre)11
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)2
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)5
 Town and local list (By- og bygdelista)1
Total number of members:37
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19961999 [14]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)19
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)4
 Conservative Party (Høyre)9
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)5
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Free Democrats (Fridemokratene)1
 Kongsvinger town and local list (Kongsvinger by og bygdeliste)1
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19921995 [15]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)20
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)4
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)9
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
 Kongsvinger town and local list (Kongsvinger by og bygdeliste)1
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19881991 [16]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)27
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)4
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)2
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)4
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19841987 [17]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)28
 Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet)3
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)3
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19801983 [18]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)27
 Conservative Party (Høyre)8
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)2
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)3
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19761979 [19]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)28
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)2
 New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)5
 Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti)4
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19721975 [20]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)31
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)1
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti)3
 Liberal Party (Venstre)1
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19681971 [21]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)30
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)1
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Socialist People's Party (Sosialistisk Folkeparti)3
 Liberal Party (Venstre)2
Total number of members:45
Kongsvinger Kommunestyre 19641967 [22]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)32
 Conservative Party (Høyre)4
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)2
 Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti)1
 Centre Party (Senterpartiet)4
 Liberal Party (Venstre)2
Total number of members:45
Note: On 1 January 1964, the town of Kongsvinger was merged with Brandval and Vinger to make a much larger municipality.
Kongsvinger Bystyre 19601963 [23]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)12
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Liberal Party (Venstre)3
Total number of members:21
Kongsvinger Bystyre 19561959 [24]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)11
 Conservative Party (Høyre)6
 Liberal Party (Venstre)4
Total number of members:21
Kongsvinger Bystyre 19521955 [25]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)10
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)1
 Liberal Party (Venstre)4
Total number of members:20
Kongsvinger Bystyre 19481951 [26]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)9
 Conservative Party (Høyre)5
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)2
 Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and
the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet)
4
Total number of members:20
Kongsvinger Bystyre 19451947 [27]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)11
 Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti)1
 Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and
the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet)
2
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)6
Total number of members:20
Kongsvinger Bystyre 19381941* [28]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Liberal Party (Venstre)5
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)8
Total number of members:20
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.
Kongsvinger Bystyre 19351937 [29]  
Party Name (in Norwegian)Number of
representatives
 Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet)7
 Liberal Party (Venstre)5
 Local List(s) (Lokale lister)8
Total number of members:20

Geography


Kongsvinger is situated on both sides of the river Glomma, where the south-flowing river takes a sharp northwestward turn. The Kongsvinger Fortress is the main landmark, situated on a hill west and north of the river. Kongsvinger is a regional center of the Glåmdal region, which is made up of the southern parts of Innlandet county. Kongsvinger municipality is bordered to the west by the municipality of Sør-Odal, to the north by Grue, and to the south by Eidskog. To the east it borders Eda and Torsby municipalities in Sweden. Kongsvinger is about 110 kilometres (68 mi) from Oslo and 70 kilometres (43 mi) from Oslo Airport, Gardermoen.

The Holtbergmasta, a 163-metre (535 ft) tall guyed mast for FM-/TV-broadcasting on Holtberget at 60.167602 N 11.994356 E was built in 1967.


Transportation


Number of minorities (1st and 2nd generation) in Kongsvinger by country of origin in 2017[30]
AncestryNumber
 Sweden198
 Iraq186
 Poland186
 Afghanistan147
 Bosnia-Herzegovina142
 Vietnam123
 Iran94
 Eritrea80
 Syria71
 Thailand65

Travel to and from Kongsvinger:


Distances


The following are road distances to Kongsvinger from various locations:

Starting locationDistance to Kongsvinger
Oslo94 km (58 mi)
Oslo Airport, Gardermoen74 km (46 mi)
Hamar100 km (62 mi)
Elverum95 km (59 mi)
Trondheim450 km (280 mi)
Bergen545 km (339 mi)
Tromsø1,600 km (990 mi)
Charlottenberg (Sweden)44 km (27 mi)
Arvika (Sweden)79 km (49 mi)
Karlstad (Sweden)150 km (93 mi)
Stockholm (Sweden)455 km (283 mi)
Copenhagen (Denmark)636 km (395 mi)

Economy


There are 1,530 businesses including forestry and farming, and 245 of these are retail outlets. There are 25,000 square metres (269,098 sq ft) of mall situated in the downtown area. As well as downtown shopping streets, there are also glass domed pedestrian shopping streets. The governmental regional Kongsvinger Hospital is also situated in Kongsvinger.


Major businesses



Education


In the town of Kongsvinger:Elsewhere in the municipality
  • Politihøgskolen (Norwegian Police University College)[31]
  • Høgskolesenteret i Kongsvinger (University College)[32]
  • Øvrebyen VGS (high school)[33]
  • Sentrum VGS (high school)
  • Norges Toppidrettsgymnas (middle school and high school)
  • Kongsvinger ungdomsskole (middle school)
  • Vennersberg barneskole (primary school)
  • Marikollen barneskole (primary school)
  • Langeland barneskole (primary school)
  • Austmarka barne- og ungdomsskole (primary and middle school)
  • Roverud barneskole (primary school)
  • Brandval skole (primary school)
  • Finnskogen Montessoriskole

Notable residents



Public service & public thinking


Jacob Stang, 1884
Jacob Stang, 1884
Borghild Bryhn Langaard, 1920
Borghild Bryhn Langaard, 1920
Yohanna, 2009
Yohanna, 2009

The Arts



Sport


Ståle Solbakken, 2014
Ståle Solbakken, 2014

International relations



Twin towns — sister cities


Kongsvinger has sister city agreements with the following places:[35]



Kongsvinger is referenced within the title (and indirectly within the lyrics) of the song "A Sentence Of Sorts In Kongsvinger" by the American rock band Of Montreal on the 2007 album Hissing Fauna, Are You the Destroyer?.


References


  1. "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  2. Svendsen, Trond Olav, ed. (18 March 2022). "Kongsvinger". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
  3. Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  4. Statistisk sentralbyrå. "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
  5. Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  6. Mæhlum, Lars, ed. (10 February 2020). "Vinger". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  7. "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  8. "Kongsvinger". GoNorway.com. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  9. Hansen, Tore, ed. (12 May 2016). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 30 January 2022.
  10. "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2019 - Innlandet". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  11. "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2015 - Hedmark". Valg Direktoratet.
  12. "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  13. "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Hedmark". Valg Direktoratet.
  14. "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996.
  15. "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993.
  16. "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988.
  17. "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984.
  18. "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979.
  19. "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977.
  20. "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973.
  21. "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967.
  22. "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964.
  23. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960.
  24. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957.
  25. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952.
  26. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948.
  27. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947.
  28. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938.
  29. "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1934" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1935.
  30. "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents". ssb.no. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2015.
  31. "Politihøgskolens utdanningssenter Kongsvinger" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  32. "Høgskolesenteret i Kongsvinger" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  33. Anders Holm. "Øvrebyen Videregående Skole" (in Norwegian). Hedmark Fykleskommune. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
  34. IMDb Database retrieved 28 October 2020
  35. "Vennskapsbyer" (in Norwegian). Kongsvinger kommune. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2008.



На других языках


[de] Kongsvinger

Kongsvinger ist eine Kommune im norwegischen Fylke Innlandet. Die Kommune hat 17.949 Einwohner (Stand: 1. Januar 2022). Verwaltungssitz ist die gleichnamige, an der Glomma gelegene Stadt Kongsvinger. Die Stadt hat 12.149 Einwohner.
- [en] Kongsvinger

[ru] Конгсвингер

Конгсвингер (норв. Kongsvinger) — коммуна в губернии Хедмарк в Норвегии. Административный центр коммуны — город Конгсвингер. Официальный язык коммуны — букмол. Население коммуны на год составляло 17 361 чел. Площадь коммуны Конгсвингер — 1036,14 км², код-идентификатор — 0402.



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