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Haidian District (simplified Chinese: 海淀区; traditional Chinese: 海淀區; pinyin: Hǎidiàn Qū) is a district of the municipality of Beijing. It is mostly situated in northwestern Beijing, but also to a lesser extent in the west, where it has borders with Xicheng District and Fengtai District.

Haidian 海淀区
District
Haidian District
Location of Haidian District in Beijing
Coordinates (Haidian government): 39°57′36″N 116°17′54″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Municipality	Beijing
Township-level divisions	22 subdistricts 5 towns 2 townships
Area
• Total	431 km2 (166 sq mi)
Population  (2010)
• Total	3,281,000
• Density	7,600/km2 (20,000/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	100080
Area code	0010
Website	bjhd.gov.cn

It is 431 square km in area, making it the second-largest district in urban Beijing area (after Chaoyang), and is home to 2,240,124 inhabitants (2000 Census); however, in comparison to other districts, a higher percentage of its inhabitants do not have the governmental residential certificates for long-term residence, because Haidian District is where most universities are located and therefore many^[quantify] of its inhabitants are university students.

Sister cities

Since 1992, Haidian District has signed official papers and established Sister City relationship with 14 cities and districts from 10 countries of 4 continents. Some sister cities are shown below:[1]

South America

• Santa Fe, Argentina (May 2010)
• La Falda, Cordoba, Argentina (10 September 2009)

North America

• Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States (8 February 2008)
• Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States (15 April 1998)

Europe

• Savonlinna, Finland (9 March 2016)
• Olympia, Peloponnesus, Greece (28 February 2008)
• Groningen, Netherlands (19 October 2004)
• Bures-sur-Yvette, Massy, Palaiseau, in Paris Region, France (4 October 1994)

East Asia

• Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea (27 September 1995)
• Nerima, Tokyo, Japan (13 October 1992)

Administrative division

The administrative division of the district was reported as follows:[2]

• 22 subdistricts of the city proper of Beijing
• 7 towns of which carry the "area" (地区) label:[lower-alpha 1]

Name	Chinese (S)	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010)[3]	Area (km2)
Wanshou Road Subdistrict	万寿路街道	Wànshòulù Jiēdào	172,456	8.90
Yongding Road Subdistrict	永定路街道	Yǒngdìnglu Jiēdào	49,346	0.70
Yangfangdian Subdistrict	羊坊店街道	Yángfāngdiàn Jiēdào	127,134	6.61
Ganjiakou Subdistrict	甘家口街道	Gānjiākǒu Jiēdào	118,455	6.50
Balizhuang Subdistrict	八里庄街道	Bālǐzhuāng Jiēdào	135,984	4.40
Zizhuyuan Subdistrict	紫竹院街道	Zǐzhúyuàn Jiēdào	138,411	6.23
Beixiaguan Subdistrict	北下关街道	Běixiàguān Jiēdào	158,776	6.04
Beitaipingzhuang Subdistrict	北太平庄街道	Běitàipíngzhuāng Jiēdào	201,614	5.17
Xueyuan Road Subdistrict	学院路街道	Xuéyuànlù Jiēdào	243,307	8.49
Zhongguancun Subdistrict	中关村街道	Zhōngguāncūn Jiēdào	159,637	6.23
Haidian Subdistrict	海淀街道	Hǎidiàn Jiēdào	144,700	5.00
Qinglongqiao Subdistrict	青龙桥街道	Qīnglóngqiáo Jiēdào	128,887	15.50
Qinghuayuan Subdistrict	清华园街道	Qīnghuáyuán Jiēdào	51,785	2.70
Yanyuan Subdistrict	燕园街道	Yànyuán Jiēdào	37,548	1.84
Xiangshan Subdistrict	香山街道	Xiāngshān Jiēdào	28,535	25.37
Qinghe Subdistrict	清河街道	Qīnghé Jiēdào	139,752	9.37
Huayuan Road Subdistrict	花园路街道	Huāyuánlù Jiēdào	148,829	6.30
Xisanqi Subdistrict	西三旗街道	Xīsānqí Jiēdào	144,126	8.70
Malianwa Subdistrict	马连洼街道	Mǎliánwā Jiēdào	106,585	5.50
Tiancun Road Subdistrict	田村路街道	Tiáncūnlù Jiēdào	106,744	7.70
Shangdi Subdistrict	上地街道	Shàngdì Jiēdào	102,105	9.40
Shuguang Subdistrict	曙光街道	Shǔguāng Jiēdào	102,397	9.61
Wanliu Area (Haidian town)	万柳地区(海淀镇)	Wànliǔ Dìqū (Hǎidiàn Zhèn)	28,062	41.90
Dongsheng (town) Area	东升(镇)地区	Dōngshēng (Zhèn) Dìqū	49,852	45.20
Wenquan (town) Area	温泉(镇)地区	Wēnquán (Zhèn) Dìqū	50,800	33.23
Sijiqing (town) Area	四季青(镇)地区	Sìjìqīng (Zhèn) Dìqū	170,579	40.83
Xibeiwang (town) Area	西北旺(镇)地区	Xīběiwàng (Zhèn) Dìqū	142,664	51.02
Sujiatuo (town) Area	苏家坨(镇)地区	Sūjiātuó (Zhèn) Dìqū	46,786	84.51
Shangzhuang (town) Area	上庄(镇)地区	Shàngzhuāng (Zhèn) Dìqū	44,814	38.45

History

Haidian was originally a village outside of Beijing's Inner City.[4] It was first built in the Yuan Dynasty and became one of the eight major business areas of the capital during the Qing Dynasty and was the seat of such old shops as Lotus White, Quanjude and Hongbin House.[5] The famed Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace, two grand imperial gardens are also among its reputed features. It became a university district after the building of the Tsinghua University and Yenching University campus in the early twentieth century. It is mentioned in Lao She's novel Camel Xiangzi as an academic village for students. After the foundation of the People's Republic, it was deliberately developed as a university area, with many of the Yan'an institutions moving there. It officially became an administrative district in June 1954.[6] Since the reform and opening up, it has become the centre of China's IT industry. In the words of Time magazine:

Like Paris' Champs Elysées or New York's Broadway, Haidian is a celebration of a national myth: China's ability to change itself and become, once again, great among nations.[7]

During the later half of the 1990s, out of the Beijing districts, Haidian had the highest per capita GDP. During that period the GDP of Haidian (1) District grew by double digits each year.[8]

Transportation

The northwestern stretches of the 3rd Ring Road, 4th Ring Road, 5th Ring Road and 6th Ring Road all run through the area.

Metro & light rail

Haidian is currently served by ten metro lines of the Beijing Subway and one light rail line:

•      Line 1 - Yuquanlu, Wukesong, Wanshoulu, Gongzhufen, Military Museum  9 
•      Line 4 - Anheqiao North, Beigongmen, Xiyuan  16 , Yuanmingyuan Park, East Gate of Peking University, Zhongguancun, Haidianhuangzhuang  10 , Renmin University, Weigongcun, National Library  9 
•      Line 6 - Liaogongzhuang, Tiancun, Haidian Wuluju, Cishousi  10 , Huayuanqiao, Baishiqiao South  9 
•      Line 8 - Yuxin, Xixiaokou, Yongtaizhuang
•      Line 9 - National Library  4 , Baishiqiao South  6 , Baiduizi, Military Museum  1 
•      Line 10 - Lianhuaqiao, Gongzhufen  1 , Xidiaoyutai, Cishousi  6 , Chedaogou, Changchunqiao, Huoqiying, Bagou  Xijiao , Suzhoujie, Haidianhuangzhuang  4 , Zhichunli, Zhichunlu  13 , Xitucheng, Mudanyuan, Jiandemen
•      Line 13 - Dazhongsi, Zhichunlu  10 , Wudaokou, Shangdi, Xi'erqi  Changping 
•      Line 15 - Qinghuadongluxikou, Liudaokou, Beishatan
•      Line 16 - Beianhe, Wenyanglu, Daoxianghulu, Tundian, Yongfeng, Yongfeng South, Xibeiwang, Malianwa, Nongdananlu, Xiyuan  4 
•      Changping line - Xi'erqi  13 
•      Xijiao line - Fragrant Hills, Botanical Garden, Wan'an, West Gate of Summer Palace, Bagou Station  10 

Suburban Railway

Haidian is served by one commuter line operated by Beijing Suburban Railway (BCR).

•      Huairou–Miyun line - Qinghe railway station

Government and infrastructure

The China National Space Administration has its headquarters in the district.[9] The Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center which serves as the central command center for the Chinese space program is also located in the district.

The State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs (SAFEA) has its headquarters in Zhongguancun.[10]

The People's Liberation Army Military Music Hall is located in the district.[11]

The Ministry of State Security has facilities operating in the district.

Economy

In 2017, the regional GDP was 592.48 billion yuan,[12] with a GDP per capita at 170.8 thousand yuan (25293 US dollars).

A central part of Haidian's economy, the Zhongguancun electronics district, hosts the Beijing offices of many software and computer-technology companies.

• Baidu has its headquarters in the Baidu Campus.[13]
• Sohu has its headquarters in the Sohu.com Internet Plaza.[14][15]
• Sinosteel's headquarters are in the Sinosteel Plaza (simplified Chinese: 中钢国际广场; traditional Chinese: 中鋼國際廣場; pinyin: Zhōnggāng Guójì Guǎngchǎng) in Haidian District.[16]
• Youku has its headquarters on the fifth floor of Sinosteel Plaza.[17][18]
• Wumart has its headquarters in the Wumart Commercial Building (物美商业大厦; 物美商業大廈; Wù Měi Shāngyè Dàshà) in Haidian District.[19]
• aigo's head office is in the Ideal Plaza (理想国际大厦; 理想國際大廈; Lǐxiǎng Guójì Dàshà) in the Haidian District.[20]
• China Postal Airlines has its headquarters on the 11th through 14th floors of the Ziyu Office Building (紫玉写字楼; 紫玉寫字樓; Zǐyù Xiězìlóu) in Haidian District.[21]
• Sinovac Biotech[22]
• The Beijing Civil Aircraft Technology Research Center of COMAC (北京民用飞机技术研究中心) has its offices on the 8th floor of the Beijing Olympic Building (北京奥运大厦; 北京奧運大廈; Běijīng Àoyùn Dàshà) in Haidian District.[23]
• Xiaomi has its headquarters in the Office Building of Huarun Wucai City (华润五彩城写字楼; 華潤五彩城寫字樓; Huárùn Wǔcǎi Chéng Xiězìlóu).[24]
• Nuctech.[25]
• New Oriental[26]
• Google has its Beijing office in Tsinghua Science Park Bldg 6[27]
• Everbright International has its Beijing office in the Beijing International Building (北京国际大厦) in Zhongguancun.[28]
• ByteDance (developer of Douyin / TikTok) has its global headquarters on Zhichun Road (知春路), Haidian District.
• Lenovo has its global headquarters in Lenovo Campus, Haidian District.
• Grab has its Beijing office in Raycom Infotech Park.

Education

Higher education

Institutions of higher education in Haidian include:

• Beihang University (formerly Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)
• Beijing Film Academy
• Beijing Foreign Studies University
• Beijing Forestry University
• Beijing Institute of Technology
• Beijing Jiaotong University
• Beijing Language and Culture University
• Beijing Normal University
• Beijing Sport University
• Capital Normal University
• China Agricultural University
• China University of Geosciences Beijing
• China University of Political Science and Law
• Minzu University of China (formerly Central University for Nationalities)
• Peking University
• Renmin University of China
• Tsinghua University
• University of International Relations
• University of Science and Technology Beijing

Primary and secondary education

The Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (simplified Chinese: 北京市教育委员会; traditional Chinese: 北京市教育委員會; pinyin: Běijīng Shì Jiàoyùwěiyuánhuì), the local education authority, has its headquarters in the Beijing Olympic Building.[29][30]

Institutions of secondary education

• Beijing Bayi School
• Beijing 101 Middle School
• Affiliated High School of Peking University
• The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China
• Tsinghua University High School

Private schools include:

• Beijing Haidian Foreign Language Shi Yan School (elementary through senior high school)[31]
  • Beijing Haidian International School
• Saint Paul American School

Communities

• Zhongguancun
• Wudaokou
• Madian
• Xinjiangcun (demolished)

Important areas in Haidian District

Sports

The Chinese Ice Hockey Association, which governs ice hockey and bandy in China, has its offices at 56, Zhongguacun South Street in Haidian District.[32]

Gallery

Haidian's Technology hubs

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Notes

References

External links

• Haidian District, Beijing Municipality (in English)
• Haidian District, Beijing Municipality (in Chinese)

На других языках

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[de] Haidian

Haidian (chinesisch 海淀区, Pinyin Hǎidiàn qū) ist ein Stadtbezirk der chinesischen Hauptstadt Peking, er liegt nordwestlich des Stadtzentrums und hat eine Fläche von 430,77 km². Die Einwohnerzahl beträgt 3.133.469 (Stand: Zensus 2020).[1] In Haidian befinden sich zahlreiche Universitäten, darunter die beiden renommiertesten Universitäten Pekings, die Peking-Universität und die Tsinghua-Universität. Der Bezirk ist außerdem Heimat des Pekinger „Silicon Valley“ Zhongguancun. Das Pro-Kopf-Einkommen ist für chinesische Verhältnisse sehr hoch und lag 2019 bei 84.733 CNY, wovon im Durchschnitt jedem Bürger 56.630 CNY für den Konsum zur Verfügung standen.[2]

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- [en] Haidian District

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[ru] Хайдянь (Пекин)

Хайдя́нь (кит. упр. 海淀, пиньинь Hǎidiàn) — район городского подчинения города центрального подчинения Пекин (КНР). Расположен к северо-западу от центра города. Из-за большого количества находящихся здесь ВУЗов его иногда называют «университетским районом».

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