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Clay County is located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020, the population was 218,245.[1] Its county seat is Green Cove Springs.[2] It is included in the Jacksonville metropolitan statistical area. It is named in honor of Henry Clay, a famous American statesman, member of the United States Senate from Kentucky, and United States Secretary of State in the 19th century.[3][4]

Clay County
U.S. county
Clay County Courthouse
Flag
Seal
Location within the U.S. state of Florida
Florida's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 29°59′N 81°52′W
Country United States
State Florida
FoundedDecember 31, 1858
Named forHenry Clay
SeatGreen Cove Springs
Largest cityGreen Cove Springs
Area
 • Total644 sq mi (1,670 km2)
 • Land604 sq mi (1,560 km2)
 • Water39 sq mi (100 km2)  6.1%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2020)
218,245[1]
 • Density352/sq mi (136/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district4th
Websitewww.claycountygov.com

History


Clay County was created on December 31, 1858, from a section of Duval County. The area was once a popular destination for tourists because of its hot springs and mild climate. Steamboats brought them to various hotels in Green Cove Springs, such as the St. Elmo, Clarendon, and Oakland. President Grover Cleveland was the most prominent of such tourists and had spring water shipped to the White House.[5] Clay County's popularity among tourists peaked during the last three decades of the 19th century. Tourism later waned because of Henry Flagler's extension of the Florida East Coast Railway to other destinations such as Palm Beach and Miami.

The military has also played an important role in Clay County history. In 1939, Camp Blanding opened on Kingsley Lake in southwest Clay County. The Florida National Guard developed this 28,000-acre (110 km2) complex. During World War II, it trained over 90,000 troops and became the fourth-largest "city" in the state. In Green Cove Springs, Lee Field was a flight training center. After World War II, Lee Field became a base for the mothball fleet. Although Lee Field closed in the early 1960s, Camp Blanding continues to operate today as a base for military training. Clay County is also a popular choice of residence for military personnel stationed on bases in nearby Duval County (NAS Jacksonville, NS Mayport, and, before it closed, NAS Cecil Field).


Geography


According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 644 square miles (1,670 km2), of which 604 square miles (1,560 km2) are land and 39 square miles (100 km2) (6.1%) are covered by water.[6]


Adjacent counties



Transportation



Airports



Major highways



Demographics


Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18601,914—
18702,0989.6%
18802,83835.3%
18905,15481.6%
19005,6359.3%
19106,1168.5%
19205,621−8.1%
19306,85922.0%
19406,468−5.7%
195014,323121.4%
196019,53536.4%
197032,05964.1%
198067,052109.2%
1990105,98658.1%
2000140,81432.9%
2010190,86535.5%
2020218,24514.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[7]
1790-1960[8] 1900-1990[9]
1990-2000[10] 2010-2019[1]
Largest ancestries (2000)[11]Percent
English 43.5%
Irish 5.5%
German 6.9%
Scottish 4.0%
"American" 3.8%
Clay County racial composition as of 2020
(NH = Non-Hispanic)[lower-alpha 1]
Race Pop 2010[14] Pop 2020[15] % 2010 % 2020
White (NH) 147,257 148,986 77.15% 68.27%
Black or African American (NH) 18,085 25,621 9.48% 11.74%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH) 734 680 0.38% 0.31%
Asian (NH) 5,429 6,626 2.84% 3.04%
Pacific Islander (NH) 179 363 0.09% 0.17%
Some Other Race (NH) 306 1,064 0.16% 0.49%
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) 4,266 11,771 2.24% 5.39%
Hispanic or Latino 14,609 23,134 7.65% 10.6%
Total 190,865 218,245

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 218,245 people, 75,360 households, and 57,587 families residing in the county.

At the 2010 census, 190,865 people, 65,356 households, and 39,390 families resided in the county. The majority of Clay County's population was located in the northeastern region, where large suburban communities have been built. Orange Park, Middleburg, and the surrounding area specifically have the majority of the population. Green Cove Springs area has the lower population spread west and south, along with the small city of Keystone Heights, which lies at the southwestern end of the county. Although the population of Clay County is relatively high, the majority of the county is still rural and consists of many farms connected by county roads. The population density was 234 inhabitants per square mile (90/km2). The 73,208 housing units averaged 89 per square mile (35/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 81.8% White, 9.9% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 2.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.1% from other races, and 2.9% from two or more races. About 7.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino, with Puerto Ricans being the majority of the Hispanic population.[16] There were 50,243 households, 39.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.80% were married couples living together, 10.70% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.60% were not families. Around 16.90% of households were one person and 5.50% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.77, and the average family size was 3.11.

The age distribution was 28.00% under the age of 18, 7.90% from 18 to 24, 30.30% from 25 to 44, 24.00% from 45 to 64, and 9.80% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.20 males.

The median income for a household was $48,854 and for a family was $53,814. Males had a median income of $36,683 versus $25,488 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,868. About 5.10% of families and 6.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.90% of those under age 18 and 7.40% of those age 65 or over.


Government


Clay County's large population in unincorporated areas is served by the Clay County Sheriff's Office and Clay County Fire & Rescue. The current Sheriff, Michelle Cook (R), was elected in 2020.


Board of County Commissioners


Clay County's government is led by a five-member Board of County Commissioners, each elected from a single-member district. The county commission appoints a County Manager as chief administrative officer of the county. Howard Wannamaker currently serves as the County Manager. The current office holders are,


Politics



Voter registration


According to the Florida Department of State, Republicans account for a majority of registered voters in Clay County.

Clay County Voter Registration & Party Enrollment as of June 30, 2022[17]
Political Party Total Voters Percentage
Republican 86,375 53.68%
Democratic 34,547 21.47%
Independent 36,745 22.84%
Third Parties 2,873 1.79%
Total 160,900 100%

Statewide elections


Politically, Clay County is one of the most reliably Republican counties in the state during presidential elections outside of the Panhandle.

United States presidential election results for Clay County, Florida[18]
Year Republican Democratic Third party
No. %No. %No. %
2020 84,480 67.77% 38,317 30.74% 1,863 1.49%
2016 74,963 69.85% 27,822 25.93% 4,532 4.22%
2012 70,022 72.33% 25,759 26.61% 1,024 1.06%
2008 67,203 70.95% 26,697 28.18% 823 0.87%
2004 62,078 76.17% 18,971 23.28% 446 0.55%
2000 41,903 72.80% 14,668 25.48% 988 1.72%
1996 30,370 64.49% 13,259 28.16% 3,463 7.35%
1992 26,360 57.95% 10,610 23.33% 8,515 18.72%
1988 25,942 76.67% 7,773 22.97% 122 0.36%
1984 21,571 79.72% 5,489 20.28% 0 0.00%
1980 15,643 64.85% 7,630 31.63% 849 3.52%
1976 8,468 49.38% 8,410 49.04% 270 1.57%
1972 10,467 85.53% 1,748 14.28% 23 0.19%
1968 3,251 35.14% 1,954 21.12% 4,046 43.74%
1964 3,805 54.99% 3,114 45.01% 0 0.00%
1960 2,515 47.97% 2,728 52.03% 0 0.00%
1956 2,372 53.67% 2,048 46.33% 0 0.00%
1952 2,116 49.07% 2,196 50.93% 0 0.00%
1948 722 26.33% 1,544 56.31% 476 17.36%
1944 520 29.36% 1,251 70.64% 0 0.00%
1940 498 25.08% 1,488 74.92% 0 0.00%
1936 562 31.00% 1,251 69.00% 0 0.00%
1932 556 30.20% 1,285 69.80% 0 0.00%
1928 1,088 72.05% 394 26.09% 28 1.85%
1924 171 28.84% 339 57.17% 83 14.00%
1920 486 43.28% 558 49.69% 79 7.03%
1916 79 14.29% 380 68.72% 94 17.00%
1912 26 6.67% 279 71.54% 85 21.79%
1908 122 21.86% 355 63.62% 81 14.52%
1904 50 15.38% 247 76.00% 28 8.62%
1900 91 21.02% 308 71.13% 34 7.85%
1896 230 37.64% 355 58.10% 26 4.26%
1892 0 0.00% 404 85.41% 69 14.59%
Previous gubernatorial elections results
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2018 68.89% 64,401 30.11% 28,150 0.99% 931
2014 72.40% 49,330 23.41% 15,948 4.19% 2,861
2010 69.97% 44,547 27.09% 17,246 2.94% 1,874
2006 73.00% 37,632 24.46% 12,610 2.54% 1,309
2002 77.38% 39,347 22.09% 11,233 0.53% 272
1998 76.29% 26,585 23.71% 8,261 0.00% 2
1994 70.86% 24,290 29.13% 9,986 0.00% 1

Museums



Education


The Clay County School District operates 42 public schools, with currently 28 elementary schools, five junior high schools, six high schools, and one junior/senior high school.


Libraries


The Clay County Public Library System consists of five branches:

The first public library in Clay County was made up of a small collection established by the Village Improvement Association within the county.[19] Other small libraries were established by other organizations within Clay County. In 1961, representatives from different women's organizations in the county started a movement to establish a library system within the county, and resulted in the Clay County Board of County Commissioners beginning to set aside funds to create the county library system.[19] Due to their efforts, the first public library in Clay County was opened in 1961 in Green Cove Springs.[19] The Green Cove Springs Library purchased a bookmobile in 1962 and began to provide outreach services to different areas within Clay County that same year.[19] In 1962 two more public libraries opened in Clay County, the Keystone Heights Library and the Orange Park Library.[19] A fire destroyed the Keystone Heights Library in February 1962.[19] The Keystone Heights Library was relocated to a new building in Theme Park in 1964.[19] The Headquarters Library in Green Cove Springs became open to the public in 1970 after a population boom caused the need for a new library.[19] In 1976, the Orange Park Library moved to a larger location within the town of Orange Park.[19] The population growth experienced in the county during the late 1970s necessitated the development of the Middleburg-Clay Hill Library, which first opened in a storefront in the late 1970s.[19] The permanent facility for this library was completed and opened to the public in 1986.[19]


Communities



Cities



Towns



Census-designated places



Other unincorporated communities



See also



References


  1. Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.[12][13]
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 22, 2019.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. Publications of the Florida Historical Society. Florida Historical Society. 1908. p. 30.
  4. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 83.
  5. Florida; a Guide to the Southern-Most State. US History Publishers. 1939. p. 352. ISBN 978-1-62376-009-0. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
  6. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  7. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  8. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  9. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  10. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  11. "U.S. Census Annual Population Estimates 2007". Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from the original on May 16, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2014.
  12. http://www.census.gov [not specific enough to verify]
  13. "About the Hispanic Population and its Origin". www.census.gov. Retrieved May 18, 2022.
  14. "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  15. "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
  16. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  17. "Florida DOS Voter Registration Statistics". Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  18. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
  19. "Clay County Public Library System". Retrieved November 16, 2017.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Clay County, Florida.


На других языках

[de] Clay County (Florida)

Das Clay County[1] ist ein County im US-Bundesstaat Florida. Der Verwaltungssitz (County Seat) ist Green Cove Springs.
- [en] Clay County, Florida

[ru] Клей (округ, Флорида)

Клей[1] (англ. Clay county) — округ штата Флорида Соединённых Штатов Америки. На 2000 год в нём проживало 140 814 человек. По оценке бюро переписи населения США в 2008 году население округа составляло 184 727 человек[2].


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