Porkhov (Russian: По́рхов) is a town and the administrative center of Porkhovsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Shelon River, 75 kilometers (47mi) east of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 10,608(2010 Census);[3]12,263(2002 Census);[10]14,170(1989 Census).[11]
The fortress of Porkhov is believed to have been founded in 1239 by Alexander Nevsky.[2] The timber fortress was sacked by Algirdas (Olgierd) in 1356 and fell in flames in 1387. The Novgorod Republic immediately rebuilt its fortifications in limestone 1.3 kilometers (0.81mi) downstream. In 1428, Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas destroyed the western wall by artillery fire and entered Porkhov. Two years later, the Novgorodians augmented the fortress and rebuilt its walls. After the fall of Novgorod to the Muscovites in 1478,[2] the fortress lost its military importance.
Porkhov was the second most important town of Shelon Pyatina, after Russa. It was not, however, a significant economical center—there were only seventy-six homesteads there in the 15th century and almost all of them were peasant ones.[12]
In 1606, it was captured by Sweden.[13] In the late 19th century, sizeable trade in linen and grain was conducted there.[13]
During World War II, Porkhov was occupied by German troops from July11, 1941 to February26, 1944 and was a place of a concentration camp Dulag 100.[2]
Monument to the victims of the German concentration camp Dulag 100 near Porkhov
The town of Porkhov, together with Porkhovsky District, was transferred to newly established Pskov Oblast from Leningrad Oblast on August23, 1944.[14]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Porkhov serves as the administrative center of Porkhovsky District,[5] to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Porkhov is incorporated within Porkhovsky Municipal District as Porkhov Urban Settlement.[6]
Architecture
The fortress consists of a well-preserved encircling wall; two towers, one of which is half-ruined; a diminutive church from 1412, and a museum of local history. Inside the fortress there are a great many trees and plants. The church of the Virgin's Nativity, a remarkable monumental erection of the 14th century, was disfigured during the Soviet period (picture). Another church of note in Porkhov is the Savior church (1670).
References
Notes
Law #833-oz stipulates that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. The Law #420-oz, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal districts, lists the town of Porkhov as a part of Porkhovsky District.
Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p.360. ISBN5-7107-7399-9.
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии.№ОК 033-20131 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код58 647». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology.#OK 033-2013January1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code58 647. ).
"Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
Bernadsky, Viktor Nikolayevich (1961). Новгород и новгородская земля в XV веке (Novgorod and the Novgorod Land in the 15th century). Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences. pp.133–134.
Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VIII (in Polish). Warszawa. 1887. p.815.
Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast, p.14
Sources
Псковское областное Собрание депутатов.Закон№833-озот5 февраля 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Псковской области». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №20, 10 февраля 2009 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies.Law#833-ozofFebruary5, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast. Effective as ofthe official publication date.).
Псковское областное Собрание депутатов.Закон№420-озот28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области», в ред. Закона №1542-ОЗ от5 июня 2015 г.«О внесении изменений в Закон Псковской области "Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области"». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №41–43, №44–46, №49–51, 4 марта 2005 г., 5 марта 2005 г., 11 марта 2005 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies.Law#420-ozofFebruary28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast, as amended by the Law#1542-OZ ofJune5, 2015 On Amending the Law of Pskov Oblast "On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast". Effective as ofthe official publication date.).
Архивный отдел Псковского облисполкома. Государственный архив Псковской области. "Административно-территориальное деление Псковской области (1917–1988гг.). Справочник". (Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast (1917–1988). Reference.) КнигаI. Лениздат, 1988
Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
2019-2025 WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии