Opochka (Russian: Опо́чка) is a town and the administrative center of Opochetsky District in Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Velikaya River, 130 kilometers (81mi) south of Pskov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 11,603(2010 Census);[3]13,964(2002 Census);[10]16,190(1989 Census).[11]; 9,902 (2019 estimate).[12]
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It was founded in 1414.[2] At the time, it was a fortress subordinate to Pskov and protecting it from the south. In 1426, it was besieged by the Lithuanians, and in 1427 by Germans, but it was not conquered.[2] It did, however, burn down in 1441.[2] In 1510, the town was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and from 1547 it was part of the Tsardom of Russia. In 1581, it was captured by Polish King Stephen Báthory.[13]
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, it was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate).[2] Opochka is specifically mentioned as one of the towns making the governorate.[14] In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off, and in 1772, Pskov Governorate (which between 1777 and 1796 existed as Pskov Viceroyalty) was established.[citation needed] Between 1772 and 1776, Opochka was the seat of the governorate.[15] In 1776, the borders of the governorate were considerably altered, the seat was relocated to Pskov, and Opochka became the seat of Opochetsky Uyezd.[citation needed] In the late 19th century, the town had ten industrial plants, including tanneries.[13] Trade in linen, hides and grain was conducted.[13]
On August1, 1927, the uyezds and governorates were abolished and Opochetsky District, with the administrative center in Opochka, was established as a part of Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[16] It included parts of former Opochetsky and Sebezhsky Uyezds.[17] On July23, 1930, the okrugs were also abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[16] On January29, 1935, the district was transferred to Kalinin Oblast, and on February5, Opochetsky District became a part of Velikiye Luki Okrug of Kalinin Oblast,[16] one of the okrugs abutting the state boundaries of the Soviet Union. On May11, 1937, Opochka Okrug with the administrative center in Opochka was established and the district was transferred to the okrug.[16] On February5, 1941, the okrug was abolished.[16] Between July8, 1941 and July15, 1944, Opochka was occupied by German troops.[2] The Germans operated a Sicherheitsdienst camp in the town.[18] On August22, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Velikiye Luki Oblast.[16] On October2, 1957, Velikiye Luki Oblast was abolished and Opochetsky District was transferred to Pskov Oblast.[16]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Opochka serves as the administrative center of Opochetsky District,[5] to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Opochka is incorporated within Opochetsky Municipal District as Opochka Urban Settlement.[6]
Economy
Industry
There are enterprises of food and textile industries in Opochka.[19]
Transportation
The suspended bridge over the Velikaya River
The M20 Highway, which connects St.Petersburg and Vitebsk via Pskov, passes Opochka. Another road connects Opochka with Sebezh. There are also local roads.
Culture and recreation
Opochka contains five cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally thirty-four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[20] The federally protected monuments are the Intercession Church, the postal station, the Kukolkin House, and the Chernyshyov House, as well as an archeological site.
Notable people
Opochka is the birthplace of architect Lev Rudnev and geologist Nikolai Kudryavtsev.[citation needed]
Sergey Yustinovich Bagotsky (1879-1953), Russian Marxist revolutionary, Soviet medicine and Red Cross diplomat
References
Notes
Law #833-oz stipulates that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. The Law #420-oz, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal districts, lists the town of Opochka as a part of Opochetsky District.
Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p.330. ISBN5-7107-7399-9.
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии.№ОК 033-20131 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код58 629». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology.#OK 033-2013January1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code58 629. ).
"Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
Коломыцева, Н. В. Псковской губернии 225 лет (in Russian). Краеведческий архив Псковской области. Archived from the original on December 21, 2012. Retrieved August 14, 2012.
Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast, pp.11–15
Псковское областное Собрание депутатов.Закон№833-озот5 февраля 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Псковской области». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №20, 10 февраля 2009 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies.Law#833-ozofFebruary5, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast. Effective as ofthe official publication date.).
Псковское областное Собрание депутатов.Закон№420-озот28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области», в ред. Закона №1542-ОЗ от5 июня 2015 г.«О внесении изменений в Закон Псковской области "Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области"». Вступил в силусо дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №41–43, №44–46, №49–51, 4 марта 2005 г., 5 марта 2005 г., 11 марта 2005 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies.Law#420-ozofFebruary28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast, as amended by the Law#1542-OZ ofJune5, 2015 On Amending the Law of Pskov Oblast "On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast". Effective as ofthe official publication date.).
Архивный отдел Псковского облисполкома. Государственный архив Псковской области. "Административно-территориальное деление Псковской области (1917–1988гг.). Справочник". (Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast (1917–1988). Reference.) КнигаI. Лениздат, 1988.
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