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The Oberbergischer Kreis (Kölsch: Boverbärjische Kreiß) is a Kreis (district) in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Ennepe-Ruhr, Märkischer Kreis, Olpe, Altenkirchen, Rhein-Sieg, Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis, and the urban districts Remscheid and Wuppertal.

Oberbergischer Kreis
District
Flag Coat of arms
Country	Germany
State	North Rhine-Westphalia
Adm. region	Cologne
Capital	Gummersbach
Area
• Total	918.53 km2 (354.65 sq mi)
Population  (31 December 2020)[1]
• Total	271,699
• Density	300/km2 (770/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Vehicle registration	GM
Website	http://www.oberbergischer-kreis.de

Name

The district was named after the region known as Bergisches Land, which belonged to the County of Berg for most of the medieval era. What is called "Oberbergisch" ("upper Bergian") lies in the southeast of that earldom. By 1740, descriptions of the area distinguished between "Niederbergisch", which was north of the river Wupper, and "Oberbergisch" to its south.

In 1816, after the entire Rhineland was annexed to Prussia, the districts of Waldbröl, Homburg, Gimborn, Wipperfürth, and Lennep were created within the area now covered by the district. In 1825 the districts Gimborn and Homburg were merged into the district Gummersbach. In 1932 it was merged with the district of Waldbröl, and the region became known as Oberbergischer Kreis. The restructuring of 1969/75 created the current boundaries of the district.

Geography

The Oberbergischer Kreis covers the hills west of the Sauerland and north of the Westerwald. It constitutes the eastern part of the Bergisches Land nature reserve. Situated at an altitude of 100–520 meters above sea level, it is rich in wood and water (numbering ten artificial lakes) and thus a recreational area for citizens from Cologne, the Ruhr area and the Netherlands.

The prevailing rock is greywacke, which was and in places still is mined in large stone quarries.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms is a combination of the heraldic signs of the territories the district belonged to. The red-white bar in the top symbolizes the County of Mark and the lion that of Berg. Homburg Castle (near Nümbrecht) was the seat of the Princes of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg.

Politics

Nazi Era

Robert Ley, a Nazi politician who helped organize the recruitment of slave labor during World War II, and published an anti-Semitic newspaper, the Westdeutscher Beobachter, was born in Niederbreidenbach,[2] a town in Oberbergischer Kreis.

District Administrator

• 1945-1951: Dr. August Dresbach, CDU
• 1951-1952: Fritz Eschmann, SPD
• 1952-1956: Wilhelm Henn, CDU
• 1956-1961: Fritz Eschmann, SPD
• 1961-1964: Reinhard Kaufmann, CDU
• 1964-1969: Dr. Heinrich Schild, CDU
• 1969-1989: Hans Wichelhaus, CDU
• 1989-1994: Hans-Leo Kausemann, CDU
• 1994-1999: Herbert Heidtman, SPD

Since the October 1st, 1999 there is only one (directly elected) District Administrator who at the same time is head of management:

• 1999-2004: Hans-Leo Kausemann, CDU
• 2004-2015: Hagen Jobi, CDU
• 2015-today: Jochen Hagt, CDU

District Administrator for the management

• 1946-1979: Dr. Friedrich-Wilhelm Goldenbogen, CDU
• 1979-1987: Dr. Dieter Fuchs, CDU
• 1987-1994: Dr. Gert Ammermann, CDU
• 1995-1999: Heribert Rohr, SPD

Economy

The district's economy is marked by small and middle-sized industry, particularly in the areas of plastic and metal processing.

Places of interest

• The so-called "colored churches" (with medieval wall and cover paintings) are known nationally
• Stalactite cave in Wiehl
• Rhenish industry museum in Engelskirchen
• House Dahl
• Open-air museum in Lindlar
• Gimborn Castle
• Homburg Castle
• Hückeswagen Castle and the historical part of Hückeswagen
• Ehreshoven Castle
• Denklingen Castle

Towns and municipalities

Towns	Municipalities
Bergneustadt Gummersbach Hückeswagen Radevormwald Waldbröl Wiehl Wipperfürth	Engelskirchen Lindlar Marienheide Morsbach Nümbrecht Reichshof

References

External links

Media related to Oberbergischer Kreis at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website (in German)
• tourist website (in German)
• Kreisinformationssystem Oberberg (in German)

На других языках

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[de] Oberbergischer Kreis

Der Oberbergische Kreis ist ein Kreis im Süden Nordrhein-Westfalens und gehört zum Regierungsbezirk Köln. Geographisch macht der Kreis etwa die Hälfte des Oberbergischen Landes aus. Das Gebiet ist reich an Wäldern, Gewässern und Naturschutzgebieten und bedingt durch seine Nähe zu den Großstädten des Rheinlandes, Ruhrgebiets und des Bergischen Städtedreiecks ein beliebtes Ausflugsziel.[2] Historisch und soziokulturell wird der Kreis der Kulturregion Bergisches Land zugerechnet.[3]

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- [en] Oberbergischer Kreis

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[ru] Обербергиш (район)

О́бербергиш (нем. Oberbergischer) — район в Германии. Центр района — город Гуммерсбах. Район входит в землю Северный Рейн-Вестфалия. Подчинён административному округу Кёльн. Этот район богат лесами, водотоками и охраняемыми природными территориями. Благодаря близости к крупным городам Рейнской области (нем. Rheinschiene), Рурской области и «Бергскому городскому треугольнику» (нем. Bergisches Städtedreieck) он пользуется у туристов большой популярностью[2]. В исторически и социально-культурном отношении район отнесен к культурному региону Бергишес-Ланд[3].

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