Yuzhou (Chinese: 禹州; pinyin: Yǔzhōu; Wade–Giles: Yü-chou) is a county-level city in the central part of Henan, People's Republic of China.[3][4] It occupies the northwest corner of the prefecture-level city of Xuchang.[3] The city is named for Yu the Great,[5] the founder of the Xia Dynasty, which the city's government claims was founded in present-day Yuzhou,[4] and that the dynasty's capital was located in present-day Yuzhou.[5] There is a statue of Yu the Great in Yuzhou, and he serves as a symbol of the city.

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Yuzhou 禹州市
County-level city
Yuzhou in Xuchang
Yuzhou Location in Henan
Coordinates: 34°08′31″N 113°29′20″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Henan
Prefecture-level city	Xuchang
Established Date	25 June 1998
Government
• Party Secretary	Wang Hongwu
• Mayor	Fan Xiaodong
Area [1]
• Total	1,472 km2 (568 sq mi)
Population  (2019)[2]
• Total	1,167,000
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	461670
Area code	0374
Website	www.yuzhou.gov.cn

The famous Jun ware (钧瓷) of porcelain originates in Yuzhou,[4] specifically, in the town of Shenhou [zh] (神垕镇).^{[citation needed]} Jun ware comprises one of the Five Great Kilns,[4] a group of highly esteemed porcelain types from the Song dynasty. Yuzhou has historically served as a major center of traditional Chinese medicine, and the city's historic medicinal tradition has been recognized by the national government.[4] Famous Chinese doctor Sun Simiao (孙思邈) had been a doctor in Yuzhou for a long period of time during the Tang dynasty.^{[citation needed]}

Nicknames for the city include "Summer Capital" (Chinese: 夏都; pinyin: xià dū), "Jun Capital" (Chinese: 钧都; pinyin: jūn dū), and "Medicine Capital" (Chinese: 药都; pinyin: yào dū).[4] Yuzhou was named the first historical and cultural city in Henan Province in 1989. In 2011, it was named "China Ceramics Historical and Cultural City", and in 2018, it was named "National Health City" by the National Patriotic Health Campaign Committee [zh].

History

The Wadian archeological site, part of a network of sites belonging to the Late Neolithic Longshan culture, is located in Yuzhou.[6] The Wadian site spans an area of about 1,000,000 square metres (0.39 sq mi), and contains a large complex believed to be an ancestral temple.[6]

Yuzhou was upgraded from a county to a county-level city in 1988.[4]

At the beginning of January 2022, it was forced into a Covid-19 lockdown after three asymptomatic cases of Covid-19 were discovered.[7]

Geography

Yuzhou's urban center is located 60 kilometres (37 mi) from Xinzheng International Airport, and 80 kilometres (50 mi) from the urban center of the provincial capital of Zhengzhou.[4]

23.24% of Yuzhou's area is forested.[4]

Administrative divisions

Yuzhou is directly divided into 5 subdistricts, 19 towns, 1 township, and 1 ethnic township.[4][8] These 26 township-level divisions then further administer 678 village-level divisions.[4]

Subdistricts

Towns

Townships

• Mojie Township [zh] (磨街乡)

Ethnic townships

• Shanhuo Hui Ethnic Township [zh] (山货回族乡)

Demographics

As of 2020, the per capita disposable income of Yuzhou's urban residents reached 35,330 renminbi (RMB), a 1.6% increase from 2019.[4] This figure stood at 20,442 RMB for the city's rural residents, a 6.3% increase from 2019.[4] 52% of Yuzhou's residents live in urban areas.[4]

95% of Yuzhou's population is connected to the city's water grid, 90% of the population has a gas connection, and 58% receive municipal heating.[4]

Economy

As of 2020, Yuzhou's gross domestic product (GDP) totaled 84.96 billion renminbi (RMB), a 3.1% increase from 2019.[4]

Yuzhou is located in the Central Plains Economic Zone, an economic region of central Henan province, and borders the Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone.[4]

Agriculture

Crops used in traditional Chinese medicine are grown in large quantities in Yuzhou, and a 2021 government publication estimates that about 400,000 mu of cropland are used to grow plants for use in traditional Chinese medicine.[4] The same report estimated that 170,000 mu of cropland in Yuzhou is used to grow sweet potatoes.[4] Grains are also grown in large quantities throughout the city, and a large number of pigs are raised Yuzhou.[4]

Natural resources

The area of Yuzhou is home to significant deposits of coal, limestone, bauxite, and clay.[4]

Electricity generation

The city is home to thermal power plants with a capacity of 2.02 million kilowatts.[4]

Transportation

Rail

The Beijing–Guangzhou railway passes through east of Yuzhou.[4] The Yuzhou–Dengfeng railway (Chinese: 禹登铁路; pinyin: Yǔ–Dēng tiělù) runs through the western portion of Yuzhou, connecting the city to nearby Dengfeng.[4] The Yuzhou–Bozhou railway [zh] begins in the city, linking it to the prefecture-level city of Bozhou in northwestern Anhui province.[4]

Major roads

China National Highway 030 [zh] passes through east of Yuzhou.[4] Major roads which run through Yuzhou include the G1516 Yancheng–Luoyang Expressway [zh], the S88 Zhengzhou–Xixia Expressway, and Henan provincial highways S103, S237, and S325.[4]

References

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[ru] Юйчжоу (Хэнань)