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Khndzoresk (Armenian: Խնձորեսկ, pronounced [χəndzɔˈɾɛsk]) is a village in the Goris Municipality of the Syunik Province in Armenia. The village is located to the east of the Goris-Stepanakert highway, on the steep slopes of Khor Dzor (Deep Gorge), which the village is named after, according to tradition.

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Khndzoresk Խնձորեսկ
The caves of Khndzoresk
Khndzoresk Show map of Armenia Khndzoresk Show map of Syunik Province
Coordinates: 39°30′44″N 46°26′01″E
Country	Armenia
Province	Syunik
Municipality	Goris
Area [1]
• Total	67.86 km2 (26.20 sq mi)
Population  (2011)[2]
• Total	2,070
• Density	31/km2 (79/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+4 (AMT)
Khndzoresk at GEOnet Names Server

Crossing the bridge at the entrance of the village, the road continues towards the towns of Lachin and Stepanakert. New Khndzoresk (the current inhabited area) was built in the 1950s. The village is located at 1,580 m (5,180 ft) above sea level and occupies 6,772.8 ha (26.150 sq mi).

Demographics

According to the 1897 census, Khndzoresk—mentioned as Khinzirak (Russian: Хинзиракъ)—had a population of 4,516, all Armenian Apostolics. The village had 2,295 men and 2,221 women.[3]

The National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia (ARMSTAT) reported its population as 2,260 in 2010,[4] up from 1,992 at the 2001 census.[5] In 2009, the population of Khndzoresk comprised 2256 people, of which 1126 were women and 1130 were men. There were 516 households in total.

History

In the end of the 19th century, Old Khndzoresk was the biggest village of Eastern Armenia. In the beginning of the 20th century the community had 8300 inhabitants (1800 households). In 1913 there were 27 shops, 3 dye-houses, tanneries, 7 schools. The village is famous for taking part in the liberation movement of David Bek. The fortress of Khndzoresk served as a military base for Mkhitar Sparapet in 1728–1730. In 1735 the village was visited by Catholicos (Head of Armenian Apostolic Church) Abraham Kretatsi who gave a thorough description of the community in his chronicles. During the 1980s, an additional village sprouted 7 km (4.3 mi) from Khndzoresk due to resizing and political unrest. This village, considerably smaller than Khndzoresk, is called Lower Khndzoresk, or Nerkin Khndzoresk.

Cultural heritage

Khndzoresk is widely famous for its canyon with picturesque rock formations and ancient cave settlement. The artificial caves, some of which are currently used as stables and warehouses, used to be inhabited till the 1950s. In the bottom of the gorge there is St. Hripsime church, dated back to 17th century. On a spur beyond on the right side of the gorge there is Anapat (hermitage) with the tomb of Mkhitar Sparapet. The cave church of St. Tatevos can also be found nearby.

Economy and culture

About 90% of the population is involved in agriculture (animal husbandry and gardening). There is a small milk processing enterprise, employing 8 people. The community has a number of administrative and public institutions, such as a community council, a secondary school (with 370 pupils), a musical school, a kindergarten, a library, a museum and a culture club.[6]

Climate

The climate in the community is warm, relatively humid, with mild winters. Annual precipitation is 450-700mm.

Genetics

Surprisingly, most of the villagers have been found to belong to Y-DNA Haplogroup R1b, specifically to a Western European branch of L754 > L389 > P297 > M269 > L23 > L51 > L52 > L151 > P312 > DF27 > Y3267 > Y7365 > Y28672 > Y7363 > Y41095 > Y41710 > Y42667.[7] Closest Europeans from France. As of November 2021 the closest common ancestor of these French and Khndzoresk people lived about 1150 years ago.[8] Origins are being explored in a Y-DNA project with the company FamilyTreeDNA.[9]

References

На других языках

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[de] Chndsoresk

Chndsoresk (armenisch Խնձորեսկ), andere Umschriften Khndzoresk, Chndzoresk, ist ein Dorf und eine Landgemeinde (hamaynkner) in der südarmenischen Provinz Sjunik östlich von Goris. Ein malerisches Tal unterhalb des Dorfes ist wegen seiner bizarren Felsformationen und zahlreichen Höhlen, von denen einige bis Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts bewohnt waren, ein touristisches Ausflugsziel. Neben Gebäuderuinen aus dem 19. Jahrhundert blieben im Tal die Hripsime-Kirche, eine dreischiffige Basilika aus dem 17. Jahrhundert, sowie eine einschiffige Kirche und die Ruinen einer Einsiedelei erhalten.

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- [en] Khndzoresk

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[ru] Хндзореск

Хндзоре́ск (арм. Խնձորեսկ) — село в восточной части Сюникской области в Армении.

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