Zheleznogorsk (Russian: Железного́рск), is a closed town in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, with a developed nuclear industry. The town has a population of 84,795(2010 Census).[3]
The town was formerly known as Krasnoyarsk-26 (Красноя́рск-26).[8]
It was established in 1950 for the production of weapons-grade plutonium.[2] The history of the town and the associated defense complex are intertwined. In 1959, the Government created the Eastern office of OKB-1 (later known as NPO PM) under the supervision of M. F. Reshetnev. Defense plants included nuclear facilities built within caverns excavated in the granite mountain on the northern edge of the city, as well as space research enterprises.[9]
It was a secret town in the Soviet Union until President Boris Yeltsin decreed in 1992 that such places could use their historical names. Before then, the town had not appeared on any official maps. As is the tradition with Soviet towns containing secret facilities, "Krasnoyarsk-26" is actually a P.O. Box number and implies that the place is located some distance from the city of Krasnoyarsk. The town was also known as Soctown, Iron City, the Nine,[10] and Atom Town.[9]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with five rural localities, incorporated as the closed administrative-territorial formation of Zheleznogorsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the closed administrative-territorial formation of Zheleznogorsk is incorporated as Zheleznogorsk Urban Okrug.[5]
Settlements under juridistion of "CATF Zheleznogorsk" include: Zheleznogorsk, Dodonovo, Podgorny, Novy Put, Тартат and Shivera.
Economy
LiAZ-5256 bus
Zheleznogorsk is the location of the Krasnoyarsk Mining and Chemical Combine, a combine that played a significant role in the early Russian nuclear weapons production campaigns.
Zheleznogorsk is also the location for the production of plutonium, electricity and district heat using graphite-moderated water-cooled reactors. The last reactor was shut down permanently in April 2010.[11] It is the location of a military reprocessing facility and for a Russian commercial nuclear-waste storage facility.
A significant employer in the city is ISS Reshetnev (Reshetnev Information Satellite Systems), Russia's largest satellite manufacturer and the prime developer of the GLONASS program.
Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том1[2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol.1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
Законодательное собрание Красноярского края.Закон№10-4765от10 июня 2010 г. «О перечне административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Красноярского края», в ред. Закона №7-3007 от16 декабря 2014 г.«Об изменении административно-территориального устройства Большеулуйского района и о внесении изменений в Закон края "О перечне административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Красноярского края"». Вступил в силу1июля 2010г. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №33(404), 5 июля 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai.Law#10-4765ofJune10, 2010 On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Territorial Units of Krasnoyarsk Krai, as amended by the Law#7-3007 ofDecember16, 2014 On Changing the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Bolsheuluysky District and on Amending the Krai Law "On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Territorial Units of Krasnoyarsk Krai". Effective as ofJuly1, 2010.).
Законодательное собрание Красноярского края.Закон№14-3412от26 мая 2005 г. «О статусе закрытых административно-территориальных образований Красноярского края», в ред. Закона №8-2948 от19 февраля 2009 г.«О внесении изменения в статью1 Закона края «О статусе закрытых административно-территориальных образований Красноярского края»». Вступил в силучерез десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №26, 23 июня 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai.Law#14-3412ofMay26, 2005 On the Status of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formations of Krasnoyarsk Krai, as amended by the Law#8-2948 ofFebruary19, 2009 On Amending Article1 of the Krai Law "On the Status of the Closed Administrative-Territorial Formations of Krasnoyarsk Krai". Effective as often days after the official publication.).
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