Salekhard (Russian: Салеха́рд; Khanty: Пуӆңават, Pułñawat; Nenets: Саляʼ харад, Saljaꜧ harad) is a town in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, serving as the okrug's administrative centre. It crosses the Arctic Circle, the main parts being about 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) south and suburbs stretching to the north of the circle.

This article may be a rough translation from Russian. It may have been generated, in whole or in part, by a computer or by a translator without dual proficiency. (April 2020)

Salekhard Салехард
Town[1]
Polar circle monument in Salekhard
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Salekhard
Salekhard Location of Salekhard Show map of Russia Salekhard Salekhard (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug) Show map of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Coordinates: 66°32′N 66°36′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug[1]
Founded	1595
Town status since	1938
Government
• Mayor	Alexey Titovsky
Area
• Total	84.50 km2 (32.63 sq mi)
Elevation	15 m (49 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[2]
• Total	42,544
• Estimate  (2018)	49 214
• Density	500/km2 (1,300/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	town of okrug significance of Salekhard[1]
• Capital of	Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug[1], town of okrug significance of Salekhard[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Salekhard Urban Okrug[3]
• Capital of	Salekhard Urban Okrug[3]
Time zone	UTC+5 (MSK+2 [4])
Postal code(s)[5]	629000
Dialing code(s)	+7 34922[6]
OKTMO ID	71951000001
Website	www.salekhard.org

History

The settlement of Obdorsk (Обдорск) was founded in 1595, in the place of a Khanty settlement called Polnovat-Vozh (Полноват-вож), by Russian settlers after the conquest of Siberia.^{[citation needed]} It was situated on the Ob River, and its name supposedly derives from that. The land around Obdorsk was referred to as Obdorsky krai, or Obdoriya.

The town was often used as a place of exile during the Tsarist and Soviet periods. Among notable people who spent time here were the Doukhobor spiritual leader Pyotr Verigin and Leon Trotsky. The town and nearby area contained three Soviet camps where approximately 6,500 prisoners were held, arrested for their belief in God.[7] At the port of Salekhard, approximately 1,500 prisoners loaded and unloaded goods at the dock, or mined metal ores. About 5,000 prisoners in two camps near Salekhard were assigned to polish diamonds mined from Mir mine.^{[citation needed]}

The nearest railway station is at Labytnangi on the opposite side of the river Ob. From 1949 to 1953, the Salekhard-Igarka Railway project made an unsuccessful attempt to extend the line to Igarka, claiming the lives of thousands of Gulag prisoners.[8] The section of railway from Salekhard to Nadym was completed and remained in use for some time in the Soviet era, although it was later abandoned. It is currently^[when?] being rebuilt, along with a long-awaited bridge across the Ob between Labytnangi and Salekhard.

Salekhard was the host city for the 2006 Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting in October 2006.[9]

In April 2014, Rostelecom, a Russian Internet service provider, completed the final stretch of the Nadym-Salekhard optical Internet line. That same line stretches for almost 3,500 kilometres (2,200 mi).[10]

In summer 2016, after temperatures as high as 95 °F (35 °C) thawed anthrax infected corpses frozen since 1941 near Salekhard, anthrax spores infected reindeer herds and herders.[11]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with one rural locality, incorporated as the town of okrug significance of Salekhard—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the town of okrug significance of Salekhard is incorporated as Salekhard Urban Okrug.[3]

Demographics

Ethnic composition (2010):[12]

• Russians – 65%
• Tatars – 9%
• Ukrainians – 6.2%
• Khanty – 3.3%
• Nenets – 3%
• Komi – 2.7%
• Kyrgyz – 1%
• Others – 9.8%

Economy

• 
  Sterh Supermarket
• 
  Building of the representative office of Gazprom
• 
  Gifts of Yamal Supermarket
• 
  Headquarters of Yamalneftegaz
• 
  Sezam Shopping center
• 
  Yamal Airlines Headquarters
• 
  Oil depot
• 
  Sarmik Fishing and hunting shop

Yamal Airlines has its head office in Salekhard.[13] Most of residents are employed in reindeer herding, fishing and the services sector.[14]

By 2015, about 3 kilometres (1.9 miles) from the airport, near the Arctic circle, authorities plan to build a large polar resort "Center of the Arctic tourism."

Transportation

Salekhard is located in the Ob river valley and is an important river port of the Russian Far North. The unfinished Salekhard–Igarka Railway was set to provide a rail connection between the Ob river port of Salekhard and the Yenisei river port of Igarka. Currently, the nearest railway is at Labytnangi (on the Salekhard–Igarka Railway), 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest on the opposite side of the river Ob. The project Northern Latitudinal Railway will provide Salekhard access to Russian railway and will further connect Salekhard to the Konosha-Vorkuta railway and other parts of European Russia.[15] the Salekhard Bridge project, the combined railway-road bridge over Ob river, is the main component of Northern Latitudinal Railway that connect Labytnangi and Salekhard is to be constructed with cost of 60 billion rubles.[16] Nadym-Salekhard road, a 344 km long road, has been inaugurated since December 2020 to the 90th anniversary of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug[17],which facilate the construction and railway between two cities and Connects East & West part of Yamal.[18][19] For 9–10 months each year, the Ob river is frozen and cars and trucks can cross via the river ice. In the summer a ferry operates, however during the floating of ice, generally shortly before the start and shortly after the end of summer, Salekhard is effectively isolated from the outside world, regarding freight. During these periods, only helicopters are able to reach Salekhard in case of emergency. Native people, mainly the Nenets and Khanty people, always build up stocks of food at home, in the shops, and in the markets during this period, but they still suffer from seasonal inflation.[20] The city is also served by the Salekhard Airport, which is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) north of the main city.

• 
  Ferry across the Ob river
• 
  Salekhard Airport
• 
  Salekhard port on Ob river
• 
  Bus transport
• 
  Ferry service station
• 
  Fakel(Torch) Bridge over Poluy river

Climate

Salekhard has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) with short, mild summers and severely cold winters. Precipitation is moderate, and is significantly greater in summer than in winter.

Gallery

• 
  Mammoth monument in Salekhard
• 
  Mammoth monument in Salekhard
• 
  reindeer monument in Salekhard
• 
  Mosque in Salekhard
• 
  Ice Palace of Salekhard
• 
  Monument to K.I. Mironov
• 
  Church of Saints Peter and Paul
• 
  "Polyaris" Entertainment center
• 
  Wedding Palace
• 
  North Outskirts of Salekhard
• 
  City Masters
• 
  Arctic Hotel
• 
  Student Sports complex .

International relations

Twin towns and sister cities

Salekhard is twinned with:

• Azov, Rostov Oblast, Russia

See also

•  Siberia portal

References

Notes

Sources

• Государственная Дума Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа. Закон №42-ЗАО от 6 октября 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа», в ред. Закона №123-ЗАО от 6 декабря 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые Законы Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа в части изменения вида населённого пункт Тазовский путём отнесения его к сельским пунктам и наделении муниципального образования посёлок Тазовский статусом сельского поселения». Вступил в силу по истечении десяти дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №119, 13 октября 2006 г. (State Duma of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Law #42-ZAO of October 6, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, as amended by the Law #123-ZAO of December 6, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Due to Changing the Status of the Inhabited Locality of Tazovsky to a Rural Locality and on Granting the Municipal Formation of the Settlement of Tazovsky the Status of a Rural Settlement. Effective as of the day upon expiration of ten days from the official publication date.).
• Государственная Дума Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа. Закон №26-ЗАО от 22 июня 2004 г. «О наделении статусом, определении административного центра и установлении границ муниципального образования город Салехард», в ред. Закона №100-ЗАО от 31 октября 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в Закон Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа "О наделении статусом, определении административного центра и установлении границ муниципального образования город Салехард"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Красный Север", №50, 23 июня 2004 г. (State Duma of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Law #26-ZAO of June 22, 2004 On Granting the Status, Determining the Administrative Center, and Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Salkhard, as amended by the Law #100-ZAO of October 31, 2012 On Amending the Law of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug "On Granting the Status, Determining the Administrative Center, and Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Salkhard". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links

• (in Russian) Official website of Salekhard
• Official website of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Information about Salekhard

На других языках

[de] Salechard

[ru] Салехард