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Caltagirone (Italian: [kaltadʒiˈroːne]; Sicilian: Caltaggiruni [kaltaddʒɪˈɾuːnɪ]; Latin: Calata Hieronis) is an inland city and comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania, on the island (and region) of Sicily, southern Italy, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Catania. It is the fifth most populous municipality of the Metropolitan City, behind Catania, Acireale, Misterbianco and Paternò. Alongside Catania, it is the only town who is seat of a tribunal in the former province. Since 1987, the comune has obtained the City title, through presidential act. After Caltanissetta, it is the second most populous comune in Central Sicily.

For other uses, see Caltagirone (surname).
Caltagirone
Caltaggiruni  (Sicilian)
Comune
Città di Caltagirone
Coat of arms
Location of Caltagirone
Caltagirone
Location of Caltagirone in Italy
Caltagirone
Caltagirone (Sicily)
Coordinates: 37°14′15″N 14°30′45″E
CountryItaly
RegionSicily
Metropolitan cityCatania (CT)
FrazioniAlbanazzo, Colleggiata (Collegiata), Favarella, Granieri, Mulino Buongiovanni, Piano Carbone, Piano San Paolo, Rangasia, San Basilio – Casa Prete, San Mauro, Santo Pietro, Serra Fornazzo, Signore del Soccorso, Villa Gravina, Villa Grazia
Government
 • MayorGiovanni Ioppolo
Area
[1]
 • Total382 km2 (147 sq mi)
Elevation
608 m (1,995 ft)
Population
 (30 June 2017)[2]
 • Total38,391
 • Density100/km2 (260/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Calatini or Caltagironesi
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
95041, 95040
Dialing code0933
Patron saintSt. James
Saint dayJuly 25
WebsiteOfficial website
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Part ofLate Baroque Towns of the Val di Noto (South-Eastern Sicily)
CriteriaCultural: (i)(ii)(iv)(v)
Reference1024rev-001
Inscription2002 (26th Session)
Area22.9 ha (2,460,000 sq ft)
Buffer zone47.86 ha (5,152,000 sq ft)

The town is a production center of pottery, particularly maiolica and terra-cotta wares. Nowadays, the production is more and more oriented to artistic production of ceramics and terra-cotta sculptures. Other activities are mainly related to agriculture (production of grapes, olives, peaches), third-sector activities and tourism.


History


The city's name derives from the Arabic "qal'at-al-jarar" ("Castle of [pottery] jars") – a name that attests to the antiquity of the pottery works which are still thriving. It has been inhabited since prehistoric times, as shown by the presence of two necropoleis dating from the second millennium BCE and by numerous other archaeological finds. It was later inhabited by the Sicels pre-Roman population.

The Arabs built a castle here that in 1030 was attacked by Ligurian troops under the Byzantine general George Maniakes, who have left traces of Ligurian language in the current dialect. The city flourished under the Norman and Hohenstaufen domination, becoming a renowned center for production of ceramics.

The city was almost completely destroyed by the earthquake of 1693. Many public and private buildings were then reconstructed in a Sicilian Baroque style. Primarily for this reason the city has been included, together with the surrounding territory, in an area protected by the UNESCO World Heritage program.

In May 29, 1860, the town was looted by the Bourbon army led by general Gaetano Afan de Rivera, while fleeing from the Garibaldini forces towards Catania.[3]

During the first part of the XX Century, it was the house of Italian Christian democracy, due to the presence of renowned politician Luigi Sturzo. Later, the town expressed various nationwide politician, such as Italian Prime minister Mario Scelba, and Sicilian president Silvio Milazzo.

Today, Caltagirone is a mid-tier Sicilian town. It is one of the 25 most populous town in Sicily, and one of the 250 most populous in Italy.


Geography


The municipality borders with Acate (RG), Gela (CL), Grammichele, Licodia Eubea, Mazzarino (CL), Mazzarrone, Mineo, Mirabella Imbaccari, Niscemi (CL), Piazza Armerina (EN) and San Michele di Ganzaria.[4] Its hamlets (frazioni) of Albanazzo, Colleggiata (or Collegiata), Favarella, Granieri, Mulino Buongiovanni, Piano Carbone, Piano San Paolo, Rangasia, San Basilio – Casa Prete, San Mauro, Santo Pietro, Serra Fornazzo, Signore del Soccorso, Villa Gravina and Villa Grazia.


Main sights


A collection of ancient and modern pottery and terra-cotta, dating back to the Magna Grecia period, is available in the local Museum of Pottery, created in 1965.

The main landmark of the city is the 142-step monumental Staircase of Santa Maria del Monte, built from 1608 in the old part of the town. The peculiarity is that each step is decorated with different hand-decorated ceramics, using styles and figures derived from the millennial tradition of pottery making. Once a year, on and around the day of the city's patron saint, (St. James, 25 July), the staircase is illuminated with candles of different colours arranged in order to reconstruct an artistic drawing of several tens of meters.

Religious buildings include:

Santa Maria del Monte.
Santa Maria del Monte.
Modern ceramic vase of Caltagirone.
Modern ceramic vase of Caltagirone.

People



Sister cities



See also



References


  1. "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
  2. All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.
  3. Dizionario geografico dei comuni della Sicilia e delle frazioni comunali, by Giuseppe di Vita; Editor: F Pravata, Palermo; 1906; page 43.
  4. 39180 (x a j h) Caltagirone on OpenStreetMap


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Caltagirone.

На других языках

- [en] Caltagirone

[es] Caltagirone

Caltagirone (Caltaggiruni o Cartaggiruni en siciliano) es una comuna italiana de 36 846 habitantes de la provincia de Catania, en Sicilia. Su superficie es de 382 km². Su densidad es de 96 hab/km². Se encuentra hacia el interior de la isla, a unos 68 km de Catania. Domina por posición elevada (608 m sobre el nivel del mar) las llanuras de Catania y de Gela. Durante el invierno, la pintoresca posición geográfica y la gran diferencia de temperatura entre el día y la noche muchas veces provocan una neblina que la gente local llama a paisana.

[ru] Кальтаджироне

Кальтаджиро́не (итал. Caltagirone) — коммуна в Италии, располагается в регионе Сицилия, подчиняется административному центру Катания.


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