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Battipaglia (pronounced [ˌbattiˈpaʎʎa]) is a municipality (comune) in the province of Salerno, Campania, south-western Italy.

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Italian. (January 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at [[:it:Battipaglia]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|it|Battipaglia}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Battipaglia
Comune
Comune di Battipaglia
The medieval Castelluccio of Battipaglia, the town's most famous landmark
Battipaglia within the Province of Salerno and Campania
Location of Battipaglia
Battipaglia Location of Battipaglia in Italy Show map of Italy Battipaglia Battipaglia (Campania) Show map of Campania
Coordinates: 40°37′N 14°59′E
Country	Italy
Region	Campania
Province	Salerno (SA)
Frazioni	Aversana, Belvedere, Fasanara, Lago, Padova, San Emilio, Santa Lucia Inferiore, Spineta, Tavernola, Verdesca, Vivai
Government
• Mayor	Cecilia Francese (civic list)
Area [1]
• Total	56.46 km2 (21.80 sq mi)
Elevation	72 m (236 ft)
Population  (31 December 2020)[2]
• Total	50,281
• Density	890/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
Demonym	Battipagliesi
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	84091
Dialing code	0039 0828
Patron saint	Santa Maria della Speranza
Saint day	2 July
Website	Official website

Famed as a production place of buffalo mozzarella, Battipaglia is the economic hub of the Sele plain.

History

Formerly part of the ancient Greek colonies of the Magna Graecia, the municipal area used to host strategic Roman settlements during the late Republican-early Imperial times, like most of the southern Tyrrhenian coast. Archaeological excavations have brought to light several finds dating back to as early as the 3rd century BC pertaining to at least two villas. One of those was located in the vicinity of the coastline and was part of a larger thermal complex. The other was positioned internally and likely served as a productive belt between cereal crops in the plain and olive crops and vineyards on the hill.[3]

The town was first given its modern name in 1080 within a bureaucratic document of the Duchy of Apulia and Calabria addressed to the local Catholic diocese. It is generally believed that the name Battipaglia is formed by the union of batti (to thresh) and paglia (to straw), owing to the activity of peasants in the past. However, some scholars have hypothesized that the name could have originated from Baptipalla, indicating a place devoted to Voltumna, a chthonic Etruscan deity.[4]

Battipaglia as a definite township was formally created by Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies in 1858, as the Bourbon authorities designated the place as the site of an agricultural colony where families who had survived the 1857 Basilicata earthquake could be rehoused. It was eventually granted the status of independent municipality by a Royal Decree on March 28, 1929 (during the Mussolini Cabinet), comprising parts of the territories which had been previously included in the nearby towns of Eboli and Montecorvino Rovella.[5]

In 1943, during World War II, the town suffered heavy bombing by Allied air force, resulting in 117 civilian casualties. Although most of the town had been razed to the ground,[6] in the aftermath of the conflict Battipaglia was to be rebuilt remarkably quickly, even attracting migrants from the hinterland seeking work. The town thus experienced an outstanding increase in population between 1951 and 1960, turning into a dynamic industrial area. In 1953, Battipaglia went under the media spotlight as its socialist mayor, Lorenzo Rago, was kidnapped never to be found again.[7]

In 1969, due to the scheduled shutdown of two large sugar and tobacco processing factories — both employing a significant number of locals — thousands of Battipagliesi carried out widespread riots, which would be calmed down few days later following the Italian government's commitment to keep both operational. The few but intense days of social unrest — which took place in the context of a wider protest movement by students and workers in Italy and several other Western countries — eventually resulted in two fatalities.[8]

Since the late 20th and early 21st century, the agricultural sector has been joined by the industrial one, several companies having established factories in the city.[9]

Geography

The municipality borders with Bellizzi, Eboli, Montecorvino Rovella, Olevano sul Tusciano and Pontecagnano Faiano.[10] Its hamlets (frazioni) are Aversana, Belvedere, Fasanara, Lago, Padova, San Emilio, Santa Lucia Inferiore, Spineta, Tavernola, Verdesca, and Vivai.[11]

Demographics

Population

The first migration wave, beginning in the nineteenth century, led many people to move to Battipaglia from Melfi and neighboring municipalities. During the 1960s, the local population soared due to the influx of immigrants from bordering areas (including the towns of the Monti Picentini, Campagna, the valley of the Sele and Cilento), mainly because of the job opportunities in the town's industry. Over the last three decades, the aforementioned have been joined by other groups, mainly eastern European, northern African and southern Asian expats.

Economy

Most of the town's wealth is due to the industrial, craft, and agricultural sectors.

A large number of local dairy companies produce the well-known local buffalo mozzarella (Mozzarella di bufala campana DOP), a famous form of which is called zizzona di Battipaglia (Battipaglia boob) because of its similarity to a female breast.[12]

In addition to that, Battipaglia is a production area of Carciofo di Paestum (Paestum artichoke) IGP, annurca IGP, and tomato Fiaschello.

Among the most significant companies which established factories in Battipaglia are: Bonduelle (food), Prysmian (telecommunications cables), Sivam (animal husbandry), Cooper Standard Automotive (car parts), Nexans (electric cables), and Deriblok (packaging).

Culture

Every first Sunday of July the town's center is decked to the nines for three days on the occasion of the celebrating of Our Lady of Hope (Festa della Speranza). The big town market, whose atmosphere recalls an amusement park where traders can display their wares, lasts from Saturday to Monday, usually ending with a music exhibition in the central Piazza Amendola.[13]

Education

Battipaglia houses a number of secondary schools, both public and private:

• Liceo scientifico, classico and linguistico "Enrico Medi"
• Istituto di Istruzione Superiore "Besta-Gloriosi" (istituto tecnico)
• Istituto di Istruzione Superiore "Enzo Ferrari" (istituto professionale)
• Istituto professionale per l'agricoltura Salerno
• Liceo scientifico e tecnico "Giacomo Leopardi" (private school)
• Istituto "Merini" (private school)
• Istituto "Robert Kennedy" (private school)

Media

Press

• Nero su Bianco (bi-weekly)
• Battipaglia 1929 (online news outlet)
• Battipaglia News (online news outlet)

TV & radio

• RCS75 - Radio Castelluccio (radio)
• SeiTV (TV channel)
• Sud TV (TV channel)

Literature

• L. Rocco Carbone, Battipaglia, 70 anni nella sua storia, Massa Editore (1999).

See also

• A.S.D. Battipagliese

References

External links

• (in Italian) Battipaglia official website
• (in Italian) Battipaglia Online website

На других языках

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[de] Battipaglia

Battipaglia ist eine Stadt mit 50.780 Einwohnern (Stand 31. Dezember 2019) in der Provinz Salerno in der italienischen Region Kampanien. Sie liegt 21 km südöstlich von Salerno.

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- [en] Battipaglia

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[es] Battipaglia

Battipaglia es un municipio (comune) italiano en la provincia de Salerno, región de Campania, con 50 925 habitantes.

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[ru] Баттипалья

Баттипа́лья (итал. Battipaglia) — город в Италии, располагается в регионе Кампания, в провинции Салерно.

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