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Cubatão is a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, 12 kilometers away from Santos seaport, the largest in Latin America. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista.[2] The population is 131,626 (2020 est.) in an area of 142.88 km².[3] It hosts industries, refining oil, steel mills and fertilizers.

Cubatão
Aerial view of Cubatão
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Cubatão
Cubatão
Location in Brazil
Coordinates: 23°53′43″S 46°25′32″W
Country Brazil
RegionSoutheast
State São Paulo
Metropolitan RegionBaixada Santista
FoundedApril 9, 1832
Government
 • MayorAdemário da Silva Oliveira (PSDB)
Area
 • Total142.88 km2 (55.17 sq mi)
Elevation
4 m (13 ft)
Population
 (2020 [1])
 • Total131,626
 • Density920/km2 (2,400/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC-3 (BRT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-2 (BRST)
HDI (2000)0,772 – medium
WebsiteCubatão

In the early 1980s, Cubatão was one of the most polluted cities in the world, nicknamed "Valley of Death", due to births of brainless children and respiratory, hepatic and blood illnesses. High air pollution was killing forest over hills around the city. It was ranked the top ten dirtiest cities in the world by Popular Science.

Around 12:00 AM (03:00 GMT) on Saturday, 25 February 1984, an oil spill set the shantytown Vila Socó on fire, killing 93 people according to official figures, though the actual death toll may be more than 200.[citation needed] The contamination of workers with persistent organic pollutants put Rhodia into Greenpeace's top 10 world's worst corporate crimes ever in its report to Rio Summit in 1992.

Strong efforts were made to diminish pollution in the city, costing US$ 1.2 billion so far. Although things have improved a lot, it is impossible to completely clean the soil and groundwater and while many large industries continue to work in such a small area, there will always be some pollution.[citation needed]



Cubatão was mentioned in the Jello Biafra-Sepultura collaboration "Biotech is Godzilla" on the group's 1993 album Chaos A.D.

Cubatão is the name of an A La Carte song from 1981.[4]


Sister cities



Divisions



Piaçaguera


Piaçaguera is a location within the city of Cubatão in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The Rodovia Cônego Domênico Rangoni highway, formerly known as the Piaçaguera-Guarujá highway, starts there. It connects the via Anchieta to Guarujá, crossing the Bertioga canal. It is there that the climb through the Serra do Mar escarpment begins by way of the Santos-Jundiaí railway line.

"Piaçaguera" is a term from the Tupi language that means "old port" by way of the conjunction of the two words "peasaba" ("port") and "ûera" ("velho").[18]


References


  1. IBGE 2020
  2. Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de São Paulo, Lei Complementar Nº 815
  3. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística
  4. "A la Carte - Cubatao Lyrics".
  5. "LEI MUNICIPAL Nº 907, DE 09/04/1972 - Cubatão / SP - Legislação Municipal" [MUNICIPAL LAW NUMBER 907, FROM 1972-4-9 - Cubatão / SP - Municipal Legislation] (in Portuguese). Cubatão Municipal Council. Archived from the original on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  6. "Um monumento à amizade (2)" [A monument to friendship (2)] (in Portuguese). Novo Milênio Electronic Journal. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  7. "LEI MUNICIPAL Nº 1.594, DE 18/06/1986 - Cubatão / SP - Legislação Municipal" [MUNICIPAL LAW NUMBER 1,594, FROM 1986-6-18 - Cubatão / SP - Municipal Legislation] (in Portuguese). Cubatão Municipal Council. Archived from the original on 28 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  8. "Um monumento à amizade (2)" [A monument to friendship (2)] (in Portuguese). Novo Milênio Electronic Journal. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  9. "LEI MUNICIPAL Nº 1.976, DE 03/10/1991 - Cubatão / SP - Legislação Municipal" [MUNICIPAL LAW NUMBER 1,976, FROM 1991-10-3 - Cubatão / SP - Municipal Legislation] (in Portuguese). Cubatão Municipal Council. Archived from the original on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  10. "Um monumento à amizade (2)" [A monument to friendship (2)] (in Portuguese). Novo Milênio Electronic Journal. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  11. "LEI MUNICIPAL Nº 1.993, DE 07/11/1991 - Cubatão / SP - Legislação Municipal" [MUNICIPAL LAW NUMBER 1,993, FROM 1991-11-7 - Cubatão / SP - Municipal Legislation] (in Portuguese). Cubatão Municipal Council. Archived from the original on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  12. "Um monumento à amizade (2)" [A monument to friendship (2)] (in Portuguese). Novo Milênio Electronic Journal. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  13. "LEI MUNICIPAL Nº 2.002, DE 18/11/1991 - Cubatão / SP - Legislação Municipal" [MUNICIPAL LAW NUMBER 2,002, FROM 1991-11-18 - Cubatão / SP - Municipal Legislation] (in Portuguese). Cubatão Municipal Council. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  14. "Um monumento à amizade (2)" [A monument to friendship (2)] (in Portuguese). Novo Milênio Electronic Journal. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  15. "LEI MUNICIPAL Nº 2.086, DE 17/09/1992 - Cubatão / SP - Legislação Municipal" [MUNICIPAL LAW NUMBER 2,086, FROM 1992-9-17 - Cubatão / SP - Municipal Legislation] (in Portuguese). Cubatão Municipal Council. Archived from the original on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  16. "Um monumento à amizade (2)" [A monument to friendship (2)] (in Portuguese). Novo Milênio Electronic Journal. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  17. "LEI MUNICIPAL Nº 3.047, DE 26/12/2005 - Cubatão / SP - Legislação Municipal" [MUNICIPAL LAW NUMBER 3,047, FROM 2005-12-26 - Cubatão / SP - Municipal Legislation] (in Portuguese). Cubatão Municipal Council. Archived from the original on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  18. NAVARRO, E. A. Método moderno de tupi antigo: a língua do Brasil dos primeiros séculos. 3ª edição. São Paulo. Global. 2005. p 118.



На других языках

[de] Cubatão

Cubatão ist eine Industriestadt im brasilianischen Bundesstaat São Paulo. Cubatão ist Teil der Metropolregion Baixada Santista um die knapp 15 km südöstlich gelegene Hafenstadt Santos. Die Distanz zur Staatshauptstadt São Paulo beträgt rund 50 km. Die Gemeinde hatte nach offizieller Schätzung im Jahr 2018 rund 130.000 Einwohner auf einer Fläche von 142 km², was einer Bevölkerungsdichte von 830 Personen pro Quadratkilometer entspricht.[1]
- [en] Cubatão

[ru] Кубатан

Кубата́н (порт. Cubatão) — муниципалитет в Бразилии, входит в штат Сан-Паулу. Составная часть мезорегиона Агломерация Сан-Паулу. Входит в экономико-статистический микрорегион Сантус. Население составляет 120 271 человек на 2007 год. Занимает площадь 142,281 км². Плотность населения — 845,3 чел./км².


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