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Zvenigorod (Russian: Звени́город) is an old town in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population: 16,395 (2010 Census);[2] 12,155 (2002 Census);[7] 15,805 (1989 Census).[8]

Zvenigorod Звенигород
Town[1]
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Zvenigorod
Zvenigorod Location of Zvenigorod Show map of Russia Zvenigorod Zvenigorod (Moscow Oblast) Show map of Moscow Oblast
Coordinates: 55°44′N 36°51′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Moscow Oblast[1]
First mentioned	1338
Town status since	1784
Area
• Total	48.1 km2 (18.6 sq mi)
Elevation	150 m (490 ft)
Population  (2010 Census)[2]
• Total	16,395
• Estimate  (2018)[3]	22,513 (+37.3%)
• Density	340/km2 (880/sq mi)
Administrative status
• Subordinated to	Zvenigorod Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
• Capital of	Zvenigorod Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1]
Municipal status
• Urban okrug	Zvenigorod Urban Okrug[4]
• Capital of	Zvenigorod Urban Okrug[4]
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [5])
Postal code(s)[6]	143180–143185
Dialing code(s)	+7 49869
OKTMO ID	46730000001

History

The town's name is based either on a personal name (cf. Zvenislav, Zvenimir) or on a hydronym (cf. the Zvinech, Zvinyaka, Zveniga Rivers); the derivation from "town of ringing (bells)" is a folk etymology.[9]

The community has existed since the 12th century, although its first written mention is dated around 1339, in the last will of Grand Duke of Moscow Ivan I Daniilovich Kalita, in which he says: "Thus, I pass on to my son Ivan: Zvenigorod, Kremchina, Ruza..."[10][11] In the historical records, or annals (лéтопись [letopis'] in Russian), Zvenigorod is first mentioned around 1382, soon after khan Tokhtamysh burnt down Moscow, and destroyed a number of towns on the way, including Zvenigorod.[12][13]

Zvenigorod rose to prominence in the late 14th century after it was bequeathed by Dmitry Donskoy to his second son Yuri, who founded his residence on the steep bank of the Moskva River. The local kremlin, called Gorodok, contains the only fully preserved example of 14th-century Muscovite architecture, the Dormition Cathedral (1399). The cathedral's interior features frescoes attributed to Andrei Rublev.

Zvenigorod is primarily remembered for internecine wars waged by Yuri's sons for control of Moscow during the reign of their cousin Vasily II (1425–1462). After their party was defeated, the town was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow.

Zvenigorod was granted town rights in 1784.^{[citation needed]} By the late 19th century, the town gained popularity among the intelligentsia as a fashionable banlieue of Moscow. Many extravagant dachas were built in the neighbourhood. Some of these house museums of Sergey Taneyev, Anton Chekhov, and Isaac Levitan.

During World War II Zvenigorod was near, or on the frontline in the 1941-2 Battle of Moscow.

Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery

The Storozhi Monastery near Zvenigorod was established in 1398 by St. Savva, one of the first disciples of Sergius of Radonezh. The oldest church is the katholikon completed in 1405 and dedicated to the feast of the Nativity of the Theotokos. In 1650, the monastery was chosen by Tsar Alexis as his suburban residence. In five years, they constructed a white-stone royal palace and a festive chamber for tsaritsa. The compound was encircled with stone walls and towers, patterned after those of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius. Particularly noteworthy is a large belfry, erected in four bays in 1650 and crowned with three tents and a clocktower. A church over the holy gates was consecrated to the Holy Trinity in 1652.[14]

After the death of Feodor III, who spent most of his time there, the monastery declined. In May 1918, when the Bolsheviks tried to seize the relics of St. Savva, several persons were shot dead. In 1985, the cloister was assigned to the Danilov Monastery in Moscow. St. Savva's relics were returned to the monastery in 1998.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Zvenigorod Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Zvenigorod Town Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Zvenigorod Urban Okrug.[4]

Sport

The city has a woman's handball team Zvezda Zvenigorod, which won the Women's EHF Champions League in the 2007–08 season.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Zvenigorod is twinned with:

• Mogilev, Belarus (2006)
• Tropea, Italy (2013)
• Bijie, China (2016)[15]

References

Notes

Sources

• Московская областная Дума. Закон №11/2013-ОЗ от 31 января 2013 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области», в ред. Закона №249/2019-ОЗ от 29 ноября 2019 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования (13 января 2013 г.). Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №24, 12 февраля 2013 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #11/2013-OZ of January 31, 2013 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Law #249/2019-OZ of November 29, 2019 On amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication (January 13, 2013).).

• Московская областная Дума. Закон №36/2005-ОЗ от 3 февраля 2005 г. «О статусе и границе городского округа Звенигорд», в ред. Закона №12/2010-ОЗ от 26 февраля 2010 г «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "О статусе и границе городского округа Звенигород" и Закон Московской области "О статусе и границах Одинцовского муниципального района и вновь образованных в его составе муниципальных образований"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №26, 12 февраля 2005 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #36/2005-OZ of February 3, 2005 On the Status and the Border of Zvenigorod Urban Okrug, as amended by the Law #12/2010-OZ of February 26, 2010 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Border of Zvenigorod Urban Okrug" and the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Status and the Borders of Odintsovsky Municipal District and the Newly Established Municipal Formations It Comprises". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links

Media related to Zvenigorod at Wikimedia Commons

• Official website of Zvenigorod (in Russian)
• Zvenigorod Business Directory (in Russian)
• About St. Savva Storozevsky and Zvenigorod in the book in a series "Life of outstanding people" by K. Kovalev

На других языках

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[de] Swenigorod

Swenigorod (russisch Звени́город; Aussprache?/i) ist eine russische Kleinstadt in der Oblast Moskau, rund 50 km westlich von Moskau entfernt. Die 16.395 Einwohner (Stand 14. Oktober 2010)[1] zählende Stadt liegt an den Smolensker Höhen am Oberlauf der Moskwa und gehört zu den ältesten Orten im Moskauer Umland.

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- [en] Zvenigorod

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[ru] Звенигород

Звени́город — город (с 1781) в Московской области России. Население — 35 842[1] чел. (2021).

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