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Tayshet (Russian: Тайшет, IPA: [tɐjˈʂɛt], lit. cold river in the Kott language) is a town and the administrative center of Tayshetsky District in Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located 669 kilometers (416 mi) northwest of Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 35,485(2010 Census);[5] 38,535(2002 Census);[11] 42,391(1989 Census).[12]

Tayshet
Тайшет
Town[1]
Tayshet
Location of Tayshet
Tayshet
Location of Tayshet
Tayshet
Tayshet (Irkutsk Oblast)
Coordinates: 55°57′N 98°01′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectIrkutsk Oblast[1]
Administrative districtTayshetsky District[2]
Founded1897[3]
Town status since1938[3]
Government
  Head[4]Alexander Zaika[4]
Elevation
320 m (1,050 ft)
Population
 (2010 Census)[5]
  Total35,485
  Estimate 
(2018)[6]
33,043 (−6.9%)
Administrative status
  Capital ofTayshetsky District[7]
Municipal status
  Municipal districtTayshetsky Municipal District[8]
  Urban settlementTayshetskoye Urban Settlement[8]
  Capital ofTayshetsky Municipal District[8], Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement[8]
Time zoneUTC+8 (MSK+5 [9])
Postal code(s)[10]
664802, 665000–665006, 665008–665010
Dialing code(s)+7 39563
OKTMO ID25636101001
Websitegorodtaishet.ru

History


It was founded in 1897 as a supply point and station on the Trans-Siberian Railway and was granted town status in 1938.[3]

During the 1930s–1950s, Tayshet was the center of administration for gulag labor camps Ozerlag and Angarstroy. Construction of the first section of the Baikal–Amur Mainline started in 1937 and was managed from here. According to some survivor accounts, between Tayshet and Bratsk there is "a dead man under every sleeper." Along with Japanese prisoners from the Kwantung Army, German prisoners of war formed a large proportion of the forced labor contingent, generally under a 25-year sentence, such as Dietrich von Saucken. Surviving German POWs were repatriated in autumn of 1955, after West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's visit to Moscow.


Administrative and municipal status


Within the framework of administrative divisions, Tayshet serves as the administrative center of Tayshetsky District,[7] to which it is directly subordinated.[2] As a municipal division, the town of Tayshet is incorporated within Tayshetsky Municipal District as Tayshetskoye Urban Settlement.[8]


Climate


Tayshet has a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc) bordering on a humid continental climate with warm, humid summers and severely cold, drier winters. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −18.9 °C (−2.0 °F) in January to 18.4 °C (65.1 °F). Sunshine is generous and the area receives 2,150 hours of bright sunshine annually.

Climate data for Tayshet (1929−2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 6.9
(44.4)
9.9
(49.8)
17.0
(62.6)
27.8
(82.0)
33.6
(92.5)
36.2
(97.2)
36.3
(97.3)
35.7
(96.3)
32.3
(90.1)
24.6
(76.3)
13.9
(57.0)
9.0
(48.2)
36.3
(97.3)
Average high °C (°F) −13.9
(7.0)
−10.0
(14.0)
−1.6
(29.1)
6.9
(44.4)
15.7
(60.3)
22.7
(72.9)
24.7
(76.5)
21.5
(70.7)
14.5
(58.1)
5.6
(42.1)
−5.3
(22.5)
−12.7
(9.1)
5.8
(42.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) −18.9
(−2.0)
−16.2
(2.8)
−8.1
(17.4)
1.2
(34.2)
9.0
(48.2)
15.9
(60.6)
18.4
(65.1)
15.2
(59.4)
8.3
(46.9)
0.6
(33.1)
−9.8
(14.4)
−17.3
(0.9)
0.0
(32.0)
Average low °C (°F) −24.0
(−11.2)
−22.0
(−7.6)
−14.3
(6.3)
−3.8
(25.2)
2.5
(36.5)
9.0
(48.2)
11.8
(53.2)
9.2
(48.6)
3.2
(37.8)
−3.5
(25.7)
−14.1
(6.6)
−22.1
(−7.8)
−5.5
(22.1)
Record low °C (°F) −50.0
(−58.0)
−47.8
(−54.0)
−41.8
(−43.2)
−28.5
(−19.3)
−10.3
(13.5)
−5.3
(22.5)
−0.5
(31.1)
−3.9
(25.0)
−10.2
(13.6)
−32.6
(−26.7)
−47.2
(−53.0)
−48.9
(−56.0)
−50.0
(−58.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 16.5
(0.65)
12.9
(0.51)
12.6
(0.50)
22.5
(0.89)
35.2
(1.39)
48.9
(1.93)
74.4
(2.93)
73.8
(2.91)
45.4
(1.79)
33.1
(1.30)
25.9
(1.02)
22.6
(0.89)
423.8
(16.71)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 15.8 12.4 10.6 11.4 12.8 12.6 12.6 14.1 13.2 14.3 16.6 17.2 163.6
Average relative humidity (%) 79.9 75.6 66.8 61.0 56.9 67.0 74.0 76.7 73.7 74.6 78.2 80.9 72.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours 74 117 195 224 263 295 293 249 169 110 66 49 2,104
Source: climatebase.ru

Transportation


Tayshet railway station is a major railway junction. Here the Baikal–Amur Mainline begins, branching northeast from the Trans-Siberian Railway. Here also the Abakan-Taishet Railway ends. The town is also on the M53 Highway (Moscow to Irkutsk).


References



Notes


  1. Charter of Irkutsk Oblast
  2. Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast
  3. "General Information" (in Russian). Irkutsk Oblast. Retrieved September 3, 2017.
  4. Official website of Tayshet (in Russian)
  5. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  6. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  7. Law #49-OZ
  8. Law #100-oz
  9. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  10. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  11. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  12. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 via Demoscope Weekly.

Sources





На других языках


- [en] Tayshet

[ru] Тайшет

Тайше́т — город в России, административный центр Тайшетского района Иркутской области.



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